Utilização de resíduo lignocelulósico na obtenção de chapa de madeira aglomerada homogênea e compósito reforçado com fibra de vidro-E

This research is about the use of the coconut´s endocarp (nucifera linn) and the waste of derivatives of wood and furniture as raw material to technological use. In that sense, the lignocellulosic waste is used for manufacture of homogeneous wood sheet agglomerate (LHWS) and lignocellulosic load which take part of a polymeric composite with fiber glass E (GFRP-WC). In the manufacturing of the homogeneous wood sheet agglomerate (LHWS), it was used mamona´s resin as waste s agglutinating element. The plates were taken up in a hydraulic press engine, heated, with temperature control, where they were manufactured for different percentage of waste wood and coconuts nucífera linn. Physical tests were conducted to determine the absorption of water, density, damp grade (in two hours and twenty-four hours), swelling thickness (in two hours and twenty-four hours), and mechanical tests to evaluate the parallel tensile strength (internal stick) and bending and the static (steady) flexural. The physical test´s results indicate that the LHWS can be classified as bonded wood plate of high-density and with highly water resistant. In the mechanical tests it was possible to establish that LHWS presents different characteristics when submitted to uniaxial tensile and to the static (steady) flexural, since brittle and elasticity module had a variation according to the amount of dry endocarp used to manufacture each trace of LHWS. The GFRP-WC was industrially manufactured by a hand-lay-up process where the fiber glass E was used as reinforcement the lignocellulósic´s waste as load. The matrix was made with ortofitalic unsaturated polyester resin. Physical and mechanical tests were performed in presence of saturated humidity and dry. The results indicated good performance of the GFRP-WC, as traction as in flexion in three points. The presence of water influenced the modules obtained in the flexural and tensile but there were no significant alteration in the properties analyzed. As for the fracture, the analysis showed that the effects are more harmful in the presence of damp, under the action of loading tested, but despite this, the fracture was well defined starting in the external parts and spreading to the internal regions when one when it reaches the hybrid load

Utilização de resíduo lignocelulósico na obtenção de chapa de madeira aglomerada homogênea e compósito reforçado com fibra de vidro-E

This research is about the use of the coconut´s endocarp (nucifera linn) and the waste of derivatives of wood and furniture as raw material to technological use. In that sense, the lignocellulosic waste is used for manufacture of homogeneous wood sheet agglomerate (LHWS) and lignocellulosic load which take part of a polymeric composite with fiber glass E (GFRP-WC). In the manufacturing of the homogeneous wood sheet agglomerate (LHWS), it was used mamona´s resin as waste s agglutinating element. The plates were taken up in a hydraulic press engine, heated, with temperature control, where they were manufactured for different percentage of waste wood and coconuts nucífera linn. Physical tests were conducted to determine the absorption of water, density, damp grade (in two hours and twenty-four hours), swelling thickness (in two hours and twenty-four hours), and mechanical tests to evaluate the parallel tensile strength (internal stick) and bending and the static (steady) flexural. The physical test´s results indicate that the LHWS can be classified as bonded wood plate of high-density and with highly water resistant. In the mechanical tests it was possible to establish that LHWS presents different characteristics when submitted to uniaxial tensile and to the static (steady) flexural, since brittle and elasticity module had a variation according to the amount of dry endocarp used to manufacture each trace of LHWS. The GFRP-WC was industrially manufactured by a hand-lay-up process where the fiber glass E was used as reinforcement the lignocellulósic´s waste as load. The matrix was made with ortofitalic unsaturated polyester resin. Physical and mechanical tests were performed in presence of saturated humidity and dry. The results indicated good performance of the GFRP-WC, as traction as in flexion in three points. The presence of water influenced the modules obtained in the flexural and tensile but there were no significant alteration in the properties analyzed. As for the fracture, the analysis showed that the effects are more harmful in the presence of damp, under the action of loading tested, but despite this, the fracture was well defined starting in the external parts and spreading to the internal regions when one when it reaches the hybrid load

Confecção e avaliação de chapas de madeira aglomerada com aproveitamento de resíduos de marcenaria industrial

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

Aproveitamento de resíduos de laminação da madeira para a produção de painel estrutural

Products derived from wood or engineered products are becoming interesting alternatives to the replacement of solid wood in various applications, from structural components to the furniture industry and packaging. Among these products, there are panels built by strands, particles and fibers, each one having their particular characteristics and potential of use. Since the different types of panels are produced, waste generation is part of the process, and that more technological it is, it still generates losses of raw materials. Based on the need for rational use of raw materials and using almost full of industrially processed wood, It arises the proposal of this work, which seeks to use waste from the lamination, like pieces of strands, broken strands, strands rough, cracked strands to produce panels with structural characteristics of the OSL panel (Oriented Strand Lumber), LSL (Laminated Strand Lumber) and OSB (Oriented Strand Lumber). Besides the use of waste, this paper seeks an alternative to the use of the adhesive, because the industry uses formaldehyde-based adhesives, which over the press, they emit large amounts of formaldehyde, which is very aggressive to humans and environment. The panels made with polyurethane resin based on castor oil and hot-pressed were characterized by physical and mechanical tests according to specifications of European Standard (EN). High values of tensile strength, elastic modulus and density were found in the results of tests. Adding to stable values of swelling and moisture content, the panel studied adds attractive features to the panel market, especially in the civil construction

Caracterização físico-mecânica de painel de MDP produzido com madeira de Eucalipto e Bracatinga

This work is the production of particleboard of particles reconstituted from MDP (Medium Density Particleboard) adding particles in the inner layer of Mimosa Scarelli, popularly known as bracatinga, the ratios of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The panel produced is composed of three layers, two external particles with smaller particle size and an inner layer composed of particles of larger particle sizes. Assays were performed based on physical and mechanical NBR 14.810/2006 for the determination of the board density, thickness swelling, water absorption, moisture content, bending strength, shear strength and residual moisture, and testing of particle size not existing in the standard cited. The results were analyzed and compared the results of the commercial boards made from 100% eucalyptus, based on the limits specified by the ABNT NBR 14.810/2006. The values of the tests were close to the normative specifications indicating positively the production of MDP with wood decay.

Propriedades físico-mecânicas de painéis particulados de Eucalyptus saligna e casca de noz macadâmia

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Produção de painéis a partir de resíduos sólidos para uso como elemento arquitetônico

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Painel particulado composto por casca de eucalipto na camada intermediária

This work was developed to evalute the physical and mechanical properties of a panel of three particle layers from the test specification of NBR 14810-3 (2006), using wood of Eucalyptus sp. and Eucalyptus saligna and Eucalyptus urograndis bark. The mechanical properties were evaluated to obtain the bending modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) and Internal bond. The physical properties were obtained thickness sweeling, water absorption, moisture content and board density. Were evaluated four different compositions of panels containing 5, 10, 15 and 20% in the inner layer of bark. The results were compared with the Brazilian standard NBR 14810-2 (2006) and also with studies in the literature. The panels produced were adequate to all the optimal values suggested by the standard only in the composition with 5% skin in the inner layer. The other treatments showed satisfactory results in all tests except for moisture content

Estudo comparativo entre MDF e MDP utilizados na indústria moveleira

Increasingly, the furniture market is competitive. The construction industry presents itself in growth, mainly due to the lines of existing incentives and tax credits established by the government, assisting the impulse to purchase real estate, building materials and furniture. Factors that promote and strengthen the sector's growth. With high demand from the furniture market, demand for higher quality and increasing technological advances, research is often undertaken in search of solutions for process improvement and product features, focusing on the production of materials less harmful to the environment, provision of raw press to lower cost, improve the production process and product development of cost-effective. This research focuses on the comparative study between two materials widely used in furniture manufacturing. MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard) and MDP (Medium Density Particleboard). The subject provides the focus in furniture production, presenting and comparing data collected from three companies producing panels between physical and mechanical characteristics of the materials, also presenting some of the main factors of influence on the quality of the panels, their features and applications on mobile. The study shows the high potential of using the MDP (Medium Density Particleboard) in furniture designs, as well as MDF (Medium Density Particleboard), favoring the final terms of the project , resulting in better utilization of each material , avoiding waste and increase unnecessary cost . Currently, several projects are developed in MDP and MDF furniture, where there is no relevance to their characteristics regarding their limitations. Many of these furnishings are designed without a specific study of the best use and positioning of each material, with better utilization , favoring collateral design , especially furniture designed exclusively for each environment . The lack of technical ...

Estudo comparativo de dois tipos de painéis de MDP: com adição de papel impregnado e lâminas de bambu

This work is the production of two types of particle boards reconstructed MDP (Medium Density Particleboard), the first with the addition, in the inner layer of particles of impregnated paper, the ratios of 0%, 1%, 5% and 20 %. In the second type of panel MDP was inserted with blades of bamboo species Dendrocalumus giganteus as coatings and structural reinforcement. The MDP panel, used as a basis for both cases has the composition of three layers, two external particles with smaller particle size and an inner layer composed of particles of larger particle sizes. Assays were performed based on physical and mechanical NBR 14.810/2006 for the determination of the board density, thickness swelling, water absorption, moisture content, bending, tension parallel and perpendicular, and testing of particle sizes of the particles did not exists in standard references. The results were analyzed and compared the results of the commercial boards made from 100% eucalyptus, based on the limits specified by the ABNT NBR 14.810/2006. The values of the tests showed similar results indicating normative specifications in a positive way, the possibility of production of MDP with the use of waste paper impregnated. As for the panel with bamboo blades, the tests showed a mechanical performance far superior to MDP market, explaining the study and possible implementation of the bamboo for use where the MDP will suffer greater mechanical stress, such as doors, tops and benches tables

Análise das propriedades físico-mecânicas de painel particulado de eucalipto composto por três camadas com duas variações de pressão

The research aimed to produce sheets of particles with waste processing of Eucalyptus sp bonded with urea-formaldehyde and evaluate the effect of pressure variation in the quality of the boards produced. To do so, the Boards made were divided into two treatments depending on the pressing pressure of 30 to 40 kgf / cm². Once pressings, climatized, the particleboards have been sectioned in test samples, and underwent physical-mechanical tests for determining density, swelling and water absorption, modulus of rupture and elasticity in static bending and internal linking. The particleboards pressed at 40 kgf / cm ² showed the best results

Estudo da influência das resinas termofixas uréia formaldeído (UF) e melamina formaldeído (MF) nas características físicas e mecânicas de painéis MDF

Thermosetting resins are very important in the production of MDF panels. They act as an adhesive in the process of compacting and consolidating the fiberboard. Thermoset resins commonly used in this process are based resin urea formaldehyde (UF) and melamine formaldehyde (MF). The first has a higher demand due to its low cost and good performance in meeting the specifications and standards. The second has a high cost compared to MF resin, but adds greater value to the MDF panel, because it gives greater moisture resistance. The process of manufacture of MDF boards was briefly presented in this study to facilitate the understanding of the work. Samples of thermosetting resins (UF and MF) were subjected to physical-chemical seeking to relate these results to the technological performance presented by their respective samples of MDF boards. Two other samples of MDF panels were subjected to physical and mechanical tests. Results were analyzed and related to the award of their respective thermoset resin. Instruments like Dahmos Trend Manager ® and Grecon Dax 5000 and TG - DSC analysis were used in this study to assist in the analysis of the results. It was observed that the results of the analysis of thermosetting resins were within the specified. Such resins do not directly influence the technological tests provided by the MDF panels, but it has been found that the process variables such as humidity and fiber production rate interfere with the performance of the resin accelerating the reaction and therefore their influence on the physical-mechanical properties of the panels MDF. Samples of MDF panels with UF and MF met all the specifications required by the Brazilian standard with regard to the technological quality. The increased demand for UF resin market is justified by the service specifications...

Análise do processo de fresamento de MDF em centro de usinagem CNC

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Chronica do muito alto, e muito esclarecido principe D. Sancho I, segundo rei de Portugal composta por Ruy de Pina, fidalgo da Casa Real, e Chornista mór do reyno, fielmente Copiada de seu Original, Que Se Conserva no Archivo Real da Torre do Tombo; offerecida a magestade sempre augusta delrey d. João V., Nosso Senhor por Miguel Lopes Ferreyra

Rui de Pina nasceu na cidade de Guarda, provavelmente em 1440, e morreu em Lisboa, por volta de 1522. Ocupou vários cargos de importância e destaque, entre eles os de cronista-mor do reino e de guarda-mor da Torre do Tombo. Como cronista-mor de Portugal, escreveu as biografias de Sancho I, Afonso II, Sancho II, Afonso II, D. Dinis, Afonso IV, Afonso V e D. João II. A descoberta , recentemente, de duas cópias de uma obra quatrocentista contendo as histórias dos sete primeiros reis de Portugal, isto é, de Sancho I a Afonso IV, indica que as Chronicas destes reis escritas por Rui de Pina não passavam de uma refundição daquelas. Como historiador, o autor tem despertado opiniões polêmicas: uns o acusam de mal-informado e desonesto ; outros valorizam a sua capacidade de compreender os eventos de seu tempo, ainda que sob uma visão absolutista. Trata-se de uma “esplêndida edição , adornada de escudos alegóricos com armas reais portuguesas no centro – que encabeçam as dedicatórias -, de artísticas letras iniciais, vinhetas, cabeções e florões decorativos, tudo aberto em chapa de madeira. Os frontispícios das crônicas são impressos em linhas alternadas, em preto e vermelho, e ornados de escudos das armas de Portugal”, conforme esclarece o Catálogo da livraria do Conde Ameal.

Chronica do muito alto, e muito esclarecido principe D. Affonso III., Quinto Rei de Portugal

Trata-se de uma "esplêndida edição, adornada de escudos alegóricos com armas reais portuguesas no centro -- que encabeçam as dedicatórias--, de artísticas letras iniciais, vinhetas, cabeções e florões decorativs, tudo aberto em chapa de madeira. Os frontispícios das crônicas são impressos em linhas alternadas, em preto e vermelho, e ornados de escudos das armas de Portugal", conforme esclarece o Catálogo da Livraria do Conde Ameal.