Protótipo de um cata-àgua que gera 1 Kw de eletricidade.(*)

Dando continuidade ao trabalho de explorar correntezas de grandes rios para gerar eletricidade sem o uso de barragens, um novo protótipo de micro-usina flutuante (cata-água) foi, construído, com capacidade de gerar 1 kw de eletricidade quando submetido a uma correnteza de 1,1 m/s. A eletricidade é gerada em 110 V 60 Hz com controle manual. A proteção do aparelho contra detritos flutuantes (principalmente as ilhas de capim flutuante) foi identificada como sendo o problema mais importante no desenvolvimento desta tecnologia. É mostrado que os rios Solimões e Amazonas apresentam correnteza, profundidade e potência suficientes para o uso de cata-águas em todos os lugares investigados.

Check all that apply (CATA) as an instrument for the development of fish products

Abstract The objective of this paper is to develop a fish-based product. Through the innovative sensorial check all that apply (CATA) technique, employed in two stages of the development of the product – market research and the sensorial and hedonistic characterization of the final product – the aim was to develop a fish by-product that could respond to the needs of the consumer market. Results showed that the CATA technique is an important instrument for researching the consumer market and indicated the kind of fish by-product to be developed and its desired features. Nugget was the resulting by-product. The second application of CATA made possible the sensorial description of the by-product as being crisp, with little fish odor, light in color, well-seasoned and tasty. Therefore, the CATA technique proved to be an important research instrument in the fish consumption market as well as a quick technique for the complete description of fish nuggets.

Homenagem do Archivo Nacional ao saudoso director Joaquim Pires Machado Portella; [Catálogo das cartas régias, provisões, alvarás, avisos, portarias, etc. de 1662 a 1821 existentes no Archivo Nacional].

Mode of access: Internet.

Catálogo del material escolar enviado á la exposición anexa al IIIer Congreso Internacional de Higiene Escolar, Paris, 2-7 de agosto de 1910 con una noticia sobre la instrucción pública primaria. Catalogue de matériel scolaire présenté á l'exposition annexe au IIIe Congres International d'Hygiene Scolaire, Paris, 2-7 aoút 1910, avec une notice sur l'instruction publique primaire.

Mode of access: Internet.

Iconografia Colombina : catálogo de las Salas de Colón.

On cover: Exposición Histórico-Americana, Madrid 1892.

Catálogo de los objetos que contiene el Museo provincial de Huesca, á cargo de la Comisión de monumentos históricos y artisticos.

Biography of Carderera: p. [45]-61.

Catálogo de escritores económicos españoles, comprendiendo la mencion de sus obras relativas á la economía politica en general, la administracion, la agricultura y el fomento público en particular.

... La primera [ed] impresa en 1848 bajo el titulo de Apuntes para una biblioteca de escritores.

Catálogo sistemático de los Coleópteros de la República Argentina,

"Suplemento." ([2], 539-573 p.), issued in 1915.

Catálogo de una colección de impresos (libros, folletos y hojas volantes) referentes á Cataluña, siglos XVI, XVII, XVIII y XIX,

2,360 titles, classified by centuries, subarranged chronologically by events, with indexes of authors, printers, places, etc.

Catálogo da exposiçao districtal de Aveiro : promovida pelo gremio moderno em 1882.

Preface signed: Marques Gomes.

Chemical abundances of 11 bulge stars from high-resolution, near-IR spectra

Context. It is debated whether the Milky Way bulge has characteristics more similar to those of a classical bulge than those of a pseudobulge. Detailed abundance studies of bulge stars are important when investigating the origin, history, and classification of the bulge. These studies provide constraints on the star-formation history, initial mass function, and differences between stellar populations. Not many similar studies have been completed because of the large distance and high variable visual extinction along the line-of-sight towards the bulge. Therefore, near-IR investigations can provide superior results. Aims. To investigate the origin of the bulge and study its chemical abundances determined from near-IR spectra for bulge giants that have already been investigated with optical spectra. The optical spectra also provide the stellar parameters that are very important to the present study. In particular, the important CNO elements are determined more accurately in the near-IR. Oxygen and other alpha elements are important for investigating the star-formation history. The C and N abundances are important for determining the evolutionary stage of the giants and the origin of C in the bulge. Methods. High-resolution, near-infrared spectra in the H band were recorded using the CRIRES spectrometer mounted on the Very Large Telescope. The CNO abundances are determined from the numerous molecular lines in the wavelength range observed. Abundances of the alpha elements Si, S, and Ti are also determined from the near-IR spectra. Results. The abundance ratios [O/Fe], [Si/Fe], and [S/Fe] are enhanced to metallicities of at least [Fe/H] = -0.3, after which they decline. This suggests that the Milky Way bulge experienced a rapid and early burst of star formation similar to that of a classical bulge. However, a similarity between the bulge trend and the trend of the local thick disk seems to be present. This similarity suggests that the bulge could have had a pseudobulge origin. The C and N abundances suggest that our giants are first-ascent red-giants or clump stars, and that the measured oxygen abundances are those with which the stars were born. Our [C/Fe] trend does not show any increase with [Fe/H], which is expected if W-R stars contributed substantially to the C abundances. No ""cosmic scatter"" can be traced around our observed abundance trends: the measured scatter is expected, given the observational uncertainties.

Li-rich red giant branch stars in the Galactic bulge

Aims. We present lithium abundance determination for a sample of K giant stars in the Galactic bulge. The stars presented here are the only 13 stars with a detectable lithium line (6767.18 angstrom) among similar to 400 stars for which we have spectra in this wavelength range, half of them in Baade's Window (b = -4 degrees) and half in a field at b = -6 degrees. Methods. The stars were observed with the GIRAFFE spectrograph of FLAMES mounted on VLT, with a spectral resolution of R similar to 20 000. Abundances were derived from spectral synthesis and the results are compared with those of stars with similar parameters, but no detectable Li line. Results. We find 13 stars with a detectable Li line, among which 2 have abundances A(Li) > 2.7. No clear correlations were found between the Li abundance and those of other elements. With the exception of the two most Li rich stars, the others follow a fairly tight A(Li) - T(eff) correlation. Conclusions. There is strong indication of a Li production phase during the red giant branch (RGB), acting either on a very short timescale, or selectively only in some stars. That the proposed Li production phase is associated with the RGB bump cannot be excluded, although our targets are significantly brighter than the predicted RGB bump magnitude for a population at 8 kpc.

New Galactic star clusters discovered in the VVV survey

Context. VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea (VVV) is one of the six ESO Public Surveys operating on the new 4-m Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA). VVV is scanning the Milky Way bulge and an adjacent section of the disk, where star formation activity is high. One of the principal goals of the VVV Survey is to find new star clusters of different ages. Aims. In order to trace the early epochs of star cluster formation we concentrated our search in the directions to those of known star formation regions, masers, radio, and infrared sources. Methods. The disk area covered by VVV was visually inspected using the pipeline processed and calibrated K(S)-band tile images for stellar over-densities. Subsequently, we examined the composite JHK(S) and ZJK(S) color images of each candidate. PSF photometry of 15 x 15 arcmin fields centered on the candidates was then performed on the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit reduced images. After statistical field-star decontamination, color-magnitude and color-color diagrams were constructed and analyzed. Results. We report the discovery of 96 new infrared open clusters and stellar groups. Most of the new cluster candidates are faint and compact (with small angular sizes), highly reddened, and younger than 5 Myr. For relatively well populated cluster candidates we derived their fundamental parameters such as reddening, distance, and age by fitting the solar-metallicity Padova isochrones to the color-magnitude diagrams.

Métodos de luta contra Mythimna unipuncta (Haworth) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), uma praga secular nos Açores

IV Encontro Nacional de Protecção Integrada. Universidade dos Açores, Teatro Angrense, Ilha Terceira (Açores), 3 e 4 de Outubro de 1997.