Plano de ação para controle da dislipidemia em pacientes adultos hipertensos com vistas à redução da aterosclerose

Por considerar a dislipidemia um fator modificável que eleva o risco cardiovascular em hipertensos, o presente estudo tem como objetivo propor um plano de ação permanente para redução dos níveis lipídicos nestes indivíduos. Para o alcance dos objetivos realizamos uma retrospectiva histórica dos processos de atendimento, focado na atenção primária, e dos aportes teóricos que subsidiaram a elaboração da proposta de intervenção.

The stepwise selection for ketoconazole resistance induces upregulation of C14-demethylase (CYP51) in Leishmania amazonensis

Ketoconazole is a clinically safe antifungal agent that also inhibits the growth of Leishmania spp. A study was undertaken to determine whether Leishmania parasites are prone to becoming resistant to ketoconazole by upregulating C14-demethylase after stepwise pharmacological pressure. Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes [inhibitory concentration (IC)50 = 2 µM] were subjected to stepwise selection with ketoconazole and two resistant lines were obtained, La8 (IC50 = 8 µM) and La10 (IC50 = 10 µM). As a result, we found that the resistance level was directly proportional to the C14-demethylase mRNA expression level; we also observed that expression levels were six and 12 times higher in La8 and La10, respectively. This is the first demonstration that L. amazonensis can up-regulate C14-demethylase in response to drug pressure and this report contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms of parasite resistance.

Innovative Solutions for Slope Stability Reinforcement and Characterization: Vol. I, TR-489, 2005

Soil slope instability concerning highway infrastructure is an ongoing problem in Iowa, as slope failures endanger public safety and continue to result in costly repair work. Characterization of slope failures is complicated, because the factors affecting slope stability can be difficult to discern and measure, particularly soil shear strength parameters. While in the past extensive research has been conducted on slope stability investigations and analysis, this research consists of field investigations addressing both the characterization and reinforcement of such slope failures. The current research focuses on applying an infrequently-used testing technique comprised of the Borehole Shear Test (BST). This in-situ test rapidly provides effective (i.e., drained) shear strength parameter values of soil. Using the BST device, fifteen Iowa slopes (fourteen failures and one proposed slope) were investigated and documented. Particular attention was paid to highly weathered shale and glacial till soil deposits, which have both been associated with slope failures in the southern Iowa drift region. Conventional laboratory tests including direct shear tests, triaxial compression tests, and ring shear tests were also performed on undisturbed and reconstituted soil samples to supplement BST results. The shear strength measurements were incorporated into complete evaluations of slope stability using both limit equilibrium and probabilistic analyses. The research methods and findings of these investigations are summarized in Volume 1 of this report. Research details of the independent characterization and reinforcement investigations are provided in Volumes 2 and 3, respectively. Combined, the field investigations offer guidance on identifying the factors that affect slope stability at a particular location and also on designing slope reinforcement using pile elements for cases where remedial measures are necessary. The research findings are expected to benefit civil and geotechnical engineers of government transportation agencies, consultants, and contractors dealing with slope stability, slope remediation, and geotechnical testing in Iowa.

Innovative Solutions for Slope Stability Reinforcement and Characterization: Vol. II, TR-489, 2005

Soil slope instability concerning highway infrastructure is an ongoing problem in Iowa, as slope failures endanger public safety and continue to result in costly repair work. While in the past extensive research has been conducted on slope stability investigations and analysis, this current research study consists of field investigations addressing both the characterization and reinforcement of such slope failures. While Volume I summarizes the research methods and findings of this study, Volume II provides procedural details for incorporating an infrequently-used testing technique, borehole shear tests, into practice. Fifteen slopes along Iowa highways were investigated, including thirteen slides (failed slopes), one unfailed slope, and one proposed embankment slope (the Sugar Creek Project). The slopes are mainly comprised of either clay shale or glacial till, and are generally gentle and of small scale, with slope angle ranging from 11 deg to 23 deg and height ranging from 6 to 23 m. Extensive field investigations and laboratory tests were performed for each slope. Field investigations included survey of slope geometry, borehole drilling, soil sampling, in-situ Borehole Shear Testing (BST) and ground water table measurement. Laboratory investigations mainly comprised of ring shear tests, soil basic property tests (grain size analysis and Atterberg limits test), mineralogy analyses, soil classifications, and natural water contents and density measurements on the representative soil samples from each slope. Extensive direct shear tests and a few triaxial compression tests and unconfined compression tests were also performed on undisturbed soil samples for the Sugar Creek Project. Based on the results of field and lab investigations, slope stability analysis was performed on each of the slopes to determine the possible factors resulting in the slope failures or to evaluate the potential slope instabilities using limit equilibrium methods. Deterministic slope analyses were performed for all the slopes. Probabilistic slope analysis and sensitivity study were also performed for the slope of the Sugar Creek Project. Results indicate that while the in-situ test rapidly provides effective shear strength parameters of soils, some training may be required for effective and appropriate use of the BST. Also, it is primarily intended to test cohesive soils and can produce erroneous results in gravelly soils. Additionally, the quality of boreholes affects test results, and disturbance to borehole walls should be minimized before test performance. A final limitation of widespread borehole shear testing may be its limited availability, as only about four to six test devices are currently being used in Iowa. Based on the data gathered in the field testing, reinforcement investigations are continued in Volume III.

Innovative Solutions for Slope Stability Reinforcement and Characterization: Vol. III, TR-489, 2005

Soil slope instability concerning highway infrastructure is an ongoing problem in Iowa, as slope failures endanger public safety and continue to result in costly repair work. Volume I of this current study summarizes research methods and findings, while Volume II provides procedural details for incorporating into practice an infrequently-used testing technique–borehole shear tests. Volume III of this study of field investigation of fifteen slopes in Iowa demonstrates through further experimental testing how lateral forces develop along stabilizing piles to resist slope movements. Results establish the feasibility of an alternative stabilization approach utilizing small-diameter pile elements. Also, a step-by-step procedure that can be used by both state and county transportation agencies to design slope reinforcement using slender piles is documented. Initial evidence of the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of stabilizing nuisance slope failures with grouted micropiles is presented. Employment of the remediation alternative is deemed more appropriate for stabilizing shallow slope failures. Overall, work accomplished in this research study included completing a comprehensive literature review on the state of the knowledge of slope stability and slope stabilization, the preparation and performance of fourteen full-scale pile load tests, the analysis of load test results, and the documentation of a design methodology for implementing the technology into current practices of slope stabilization. Recommendations for further research include monitoring pilot studies of slope reinforcement with grouted micropiles, supplementary experimental studies, and advanced numerical studies.

1.° Chronicum Reginonis, Abbatis Prumiensis, ab incarnatione Christi ad annum 907. quod produxit anonymus ad annum 939. — 2.° Visio Caroli Magni, Imperatoris.

Colbertinus

Français 907

Contient : 1° Lectionnaire en français ; 2° « Cy commence le parlement de trahir Nostre Seigneur devant Pylate », traduction de l'évangile de Nicodème

Ley 489 de 1998 un desafío para la administración pública

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Primeras reflexiones acerca del contenido normativo de la ley 489 de 1998

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Análisis del Decreto Ejecutivo No. 813, publicado en el Registro Oficial No. 489 de 12 de julio de 2011: una aproximación teórico práctica

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo realizar el análisis del Decreto Ejecutivo No. 813, Publicado en el Registro Oficial No. 489 de 12 de Julio de 2011, destinado a reformar el Reglamento General a la Ley Orgánica de Servicio Público. Mediante dicho decreto se buscó regular la desvinculación de servidores y servidoras por medio de la compra de renuncias con indemnización. El análisis se realiza desde la perspectiva del Derecho Administrativo y el Derecho Constitucional, con el objeto de desentrañar su naturaleza jurídica, definir el marco regulatorio que lo gobierna y estudiar las críticas propuestas contra él. En un primer momento, se enmarca el objeto de análisis en el contexto constitucional en el que se desarrolla: el modelo propuesto por la Constitución de la República del Ecuador, denominado “Estado constitucional de derechos y Justicia”, con especial énfasis en el sistema de fuentes que propone. En seguida, se presenta en particular la fuente del derecho denominada “decreto”, como parte de las atribuciones constitucionales del Presidente o la Presidenta de la República, y se discurre sobre las características particulares del Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 813. A continuación, a través de la teoría de los límites a la función administrativa, se procede a un análisis crítico de los posibles mecanismos de impugnación del Decreto Ejecutivo Nº 813, tanto en sede constitucional, como contenciosoadministrativa, tomando en consideración las vías intentadas para el efecto por diversos actores sociales. Por último, se señalan conclusiones y recomendaciones para cada uno de los puntos analizados.