976 resultados para C .net
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This study examined effects of soil freezing on N dynamics in soil along an N processing gradient within a mixed hardwood dominated watershed at Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia. Sites were designated as LN (low rates of N processing), ML (moderately low), MH (moderately high), and HN (high). Soils underwent three 7-day freezing treatments (0, 20, or 80 C) in the laboratory. Responses varied between temperature treatments and along the gradient. Initial effects differed among freezing treatments for net N mineralization, but not nitrification, in soils across the gradient, generally maintained at LN < ML MH < HN for all treatments. Net N mineralization potential was higher following freezing at 20 and 80 C than control; all were higher than at 0 C. Net nitrification potential exhibited similar patterns. LN was an exception, with net nitrification low regardless of treatment. Freezing response of N mineralization differed greatly from that of nitrification, suggesting that soil freezing may decouple two processes of the soil N cycle that are otherwise tightly linked at our site. Results also suggest that soil freezing at temperatures commonly experienced at this site can further increase net nitrification in soils already exhibiting high nitrification from N saturation.
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En este artculo se presentan una serie de reflexiones frente a las comparaciones que pueden hacerse entre dos plataformas de software: Java y .NET. Para ello se trata de hacer un breve recuento histrico de ambos casos, y despus se presentan algunas de las diferencias que la autora ha encontrado entre ellas, mirando aspectos que tienen relacin directa con la programacin orientada a objetos, o con otros aspectos del lenguaje. Por ltimo se presenta una breve aclaracin, desde el punto de vista de la autora, frente al tema de portabilidad que ambos reclaman como la diferencia ms relevante entre ellos.
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Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS), widely considered as the manufacturing technology of the future, are gaining increasing importance due to the immense advantages they provide in terms of cost, quality and productivity over the conventional manufacturing. An FMS is a complex interconnection of capital intensive resources and high levels of system performance is very crucial for survival in a competing environment.Discrete event simulation is one of the most popular methods for performance evaluation of FMS during planning, design and operation phases. Indeed fast simulators are suggested for selection of optimal strategies for flow control (which part type to enter and at what instant), AGV scheduling (which vehicle to carry which part), routing (which machine to process the part) and part selection (which part for processing next). In this paper we develop a C-net based model for an FMS and use the same for distributed discrete event simulation. We illustrate using examples the efficacy of destributed discrete event simulation for the performance evaluation of FMSs.
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IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6),IPv6Winsock,Windows XPVisual C++.netIPv6
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ADO(ActiveX Data Object)Visual C++.netADOSQL
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GDI+GraphicsPathA1phaImageVisual C++.netGDI+,
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VegaPrime Visual C++.NET 2003 /
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Security policies are increasingly being implemented by organisations. Policies are mapped to device configurations to enforce the policies. This is typically performed manually by network administrators. The development and management of these enforcement policies is a difficult and error prone task. This thesis describes the development and evaluation of an off-line firewall policy parser and validation tool. This provides the system administrator with a textual interface and the vendor specific low level languages they trust and are familiar with, but the support of an off-line compiler tool. The tool was created using the Microsoft C#.NET language, and the Microsoft Visual Studio Integrated Development Environment (IDE). This provided an object environment to create a flexible and extensible system, as well as simple Web and Windows prototyping facilities to create GUI front-end applications for testing and evaluation. A CLI was provided with the tool, for more experienced users, but it was also designed to be easily integrated into GUI based applications for non-expert users. The evaluation of the system was performed from a custom built GUI application, which can create test firewall rule sets containing synthetic rules, to supply a variety of experimental conditions, as well as record various performance metrics. The validation tool was created, based around a pragmatic outlook, with regard to the needs of the network administrator. The modularity of the design was important, due to the fast changing nature of the network device languages being processed. An object oriented approach was taken, for maximum changeability and extensibility, and a flexible tool was developed, due to the possible needs of different types users. System administrators desire, low level, CLI-based tools that they can trust, and use easily from scripting languages. Inexperienced users may prefer a more abstract, high level, GUI or Wizard that has an easier to learn process. Built around these ideas, the tool was implemented, and proved to be a usable, and complimentary addition to the many network policy-based systems currently available. The tool has a flexible design and contains comprehensive functionality. As opposed to some of the other tools which perform across multiple vendor languages, but do not implement a deep range of options for any of the languages. It compliments existing systems, such as policy compliance tools, and abstract policy analysis systems. Its validation algorithms were evaluated for both completeness, and performance. The tool was found to correctly process large firewall policies in just a few seconds. A framework for a policy-based management system, with which the tool would integrate, is also proposed. This is based around a vendor independent XML-based repository of device configurations, which could be used to bring together existing policy management and analysis systems.
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El projecte consisteix en un sistema informatitzat per restaurants centralitzat en un servidor que permet recollir comandes als clients a travs de PDAs i de pantalles tctils situades a la barra per enviar-les als corresponents llocs d elaboraci: -Terminal de la cuina on selaboraran tots els menjars. -Terminal de la bodega on es serviran els vins i caves. -Terminal barra on es serviran els licors, refrescos (entre daltres productes totalment configurables). -Terminal de postres on es reben les lnies de comanda relacionades amb els postres. Lobjectiu acadmic del projecte ser adquirir coneixement a nivell de disseny i gesti de dades, aix com la comunicaci de diversos dispositius en temps real. Sutilitzar la tecnologia .net, concretament el llenguatge de programaci visual c# .net. i com a gestor de bases de dades el mysql 5.0.19. A ms, es treballa amb la metodologia UML, utilitzant tamb diversos patrons. Per fer del sistema un sistema centralitzat en un servidor sutilitzar la comunicaci per terminal service de windows el qual ens brinda la possibilitat destablir diverses sessions dusuaris concurrents. Cada sessi estar destinada a un cambrer, per tant, hi haur una sessi per PDA
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfico e Tecnolgico (CNPq)
Unprecedented Trapping of Difluorooctamolybdate Anions within an -Polonium Type Coordination Network
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New fluorinated hybrid solids [Mo2F2O5(tr2pr)] (1), [Co3(tr2pr)2(MoO4)2F2]7H2O (2), and [Co3(H2O)2(tr2pr)3(Mo8O26F2)]3H2O (3) (tr2pr = 1,3-bis(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)propane) were prepared from the reaction systems consisting of Co(OAc)2/CoF2 and MoO3/(NH4)6Mo7O24, as CoII and MoVI sources, in water (2) or in aqueous HF (1, 3) employing mild hydrothermal conditions. The tr2pr ligand serves as a conformationally flexible tetradentate donor. In complex 1, the octahedrally coordinated Mo atoms are linked in the discrete corner-sharing {Mo2(2-O)F2O4N4} unit in which a pair of tr-heterocycles (tr = 1,2,4-triazole) is arranged in cis-positions opposite to molybdenyl oxygen atoms. The antianti conformation type of tr2pr facilitates the tight zigzag chain packing motif. The crystal structure of the mixed-anion complex salt 2 consists of trinuclear [Co3(3-MoO4)2(2-F)2] units self-assembling in CoII-undulating chains (CoCo 3.0709(15) and 3.3596(7) ), which are cross-linked by tr2pr in layers. In 3, containing condensed oxyfluoromolybdate species, linear centrosymmetric [Co3(2-tr)6]6+ SBUs are organized at distances of 10.7212.45 in an -Po-like network using bitopic tr-linkers. The octahedral {N6} and {N3O3} environments of the central and peripheral cobalt atoms, respectively, are filled by triazole N atoms, water molecules, and coordinating [Mo8O26F2]6 anions. Acting as a tetradentate O-donor, each difluorooctamolybdate anion anchors four [Co3(2-tr)6]6+ units through their peripheral Co-sites, which consequently leads to a novel type of a two-nodal 4,10-c net with the Schlafli symbol {32.43.5}{34.420.516.65}. The 2D and 3D coordination networks of 2 and 3, respectively, are characterized by significant overall antiferromagnetic exchange interactions (J/k) between the CoII spin centers on the order of 8 and 4 K. The [Mo8O26F2]6 anion is investigated in detail by quantum chemical calculations.
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We calculate net community production (NCP) during summer 2005-2006 and spring 2006 in the Ross Sea using multiple approaches to determine the magnitude and consistency of rates. Water column carbon and nutrient inventories and surface ocean O2/Ar data are compared to satellite-derived primary productivity (PP) estimates and 14C uptake experiments. In spring, NCP was related to stratification proximal to upper ocean fronts. In summer, the most intense C drawdown was in shallow mixed layers affected by ice melt; depth-integrated C drawdown, however, increased with mixing depth. Delta O2/Ar-based methods, relying on gas exchange reconstructions, underestimate NCP due to seasonal variations in surface Delta O2/Ar and NCP rates. Mixed layer Delta O2/Ar requires approximately 60 days to reach steady state, starting from early spring. Additionally, cold temperatures prolong the sensitivity of gas exchange reconstructions to past NCP variability. Complex vertical structure, in addition to the seasonal cycle, affects interpretations of surface-based observations, including those made from satellites. During both spring and summer, substantial fractions of NCP were below the mixed layer. Satellite-derived estimates tended to overestimate PP relative to 14C-based estimates, most severely in locations of stronger upper water column stratification. Biases notwithstanding, NCP-PP comparisons indicated that community respiration was of similar magnitude to NCP. We observed that a substantial portion of NCP remained as suspended particulate matter in the upper water column, demonstrating a lag between production and export. Resolving the dynamic physical processes that structure variance in NCP and its fate will enhance the understanding of the carbon cycling in highly productive Antarctic environments.
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Stable electroactive film of poly(aniline-co-o-aminobenzenesulfonic acid) three-dimensional tubal net-works was assembled on indium oxide glass (ITO) successfully, and the cytochrome c was immobilized on the matrix by the electrostatic interactions. The adsorbed cytochrome c showed a good electrochemical activity with a pair of well-defined redox waves in pH 6.2 phosphate buffer solution, and the adsorbed protein showed more faster electron transfer rate (12.9 s(-1)) on the net-works matrix than those of on inorganic porous or even nano-materials reported recently. The immobilized cytochrome c exhibited a good electrocatalytic activity and amperometric response (2 s) for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The detection limit for H2O2 was 1.5 mu M, and the linear range was from 3 mu M to 1 mM. Poly(aniline-co-o-aminobenzenesulfonic acid) three-dimensional tubal net-works was proved to be a good matrix for protein immobilization and biosensor preparation.
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The identification of associations between interleukin-28B (IL-28B) variants and the spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) raises the issues of causality and the net contribution of host genetics to the trait. To estimate more precisely the net effect of IL-28B genetic variation on HCV clearance, we optimized genotyping and compared the host contributions in multiple- and single-source cohorts to control for viral and demographic effects. The analysis included individuals with chronic or spontaneously cleared HCV infections from a multiple-source cohort (n = 389) and a single-source cohort (n = 71). We performed detailed genotyping in the coding region of IL-28B and searched for copy number variations to identify the genetic variant or haplotype carrying the strongest association with viral clearance. This analysis was used to compare the effects of IL-28B variation in the two cohorts. Haplotypes characterized by carriage of the major alleles at IL-28B single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were highly overrepresented in individuals with spontaneous clearance versus those with chronic HCV infections (66.1% versus 38.6%, P = 6 10(-9) ). The odds ratios for clearance were 2.1 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.6-3.0] and 3.9 (95% CI = 1.5-10.2) in the multiple- and single-source cohorts, respectively. Protective haplotypes were in perfect linkage (r(2) = 1.0) with a nonsynonymous coding variant (rs8103142). Copy number variants were not detected. We identified IL-28B haplotypes highly predictive of spontaneous HCV clearance. The high linkage disequilibrium between IL-28B SNPs indicates that association studies need to be complemented by functional experiments to identify single causal variants. The point estimate for the genetic effect was higher in the single-source cohort, which was used to effectively control for viral diversity, sex, and coinfections and, therefore, offered a precise estimate of the net host genetic contribution.
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Neste trabalho, foi estudada a dinmica populacional e estimada a produo primria lquida da macrfita aqutica Nymphaea rudgeana em um brao do rio Itanham (Estado de So Paulo, Brasil). Esta espcie apresenta uma ampla variao anual de biomassa, em funo da estao do ano, no local estudado. A partir do ms de novembro (13,1 g PS/m), pode ser observado um aumento gradual da biomassa, atingindo o mximo em fevereiro (163,1 g PS/m). Posteriormente, a biomassa diminui, mantendo-se em nveis baixos at um novo perodo de crescimento. A diminuio de biomassa est associada ao desenvolvimento de macrfitas flutuantes (Pistia stratiotes e Salvinia molesta) e, subseqentemente, s condies ambientais desfavorveis (valores de salinidade elevados) ao seu desenvolvimento. A produo primria lquida de N. rudgeana foi obtida a partir dos dados de biomassa e seu valor estimado entre 3,02 e 3,82 t/ha/ano.
