‘Abuse of Rights’ in Belgian and French Patent Law – A Case Law Analysis

This paper examines what types of actions undertaken by patent holders have been considered as abusive in the framework of French and Belgian patent litigation. Particular attention is given to the principle of the prohibition of “abuse of rights” (AoR). In the jurisdictions under scrutiny, the principle of AoR is essentially a jurisprudential construction in cases where judges faced a particular set of circumstances for which no codified rules were available. To investigate how judges deal with the prohibition of AoR in patent litigation and taking into account the jurisprudential nature of the principle, an in-depth and comparative case law analysis has been conducted. Although the number of cases in which patent holders have been sanctioned for such abuses is not overabundant, they do provide sufficient leads on what is understood by Belgian and French courts to constitute an abuse of patent rights. From this comparative analysis, useful lessons can be learned for the interpretation of the ambiguous notion of ‘abuse’ from a broader perspective.

Mémoire historique sur la bibliothèque dite de Bourgogne, présentement bibliothèque publique de Bruxelles;

Mode of access: Internet.

La poésie nouvelle /

La poésie nouvelle.--Introduction.--Arthur Rimbaud.--Jules Laforgue.--Gustave Kahn.--Jean Moréas.--Émile Verhaeren.--Henri de Régnier.--Francis Vielé-Griffin.--Maurice Maeterlinck.--Stuart Merrill.--Francis Jammes.--Paul Fort.--Max Elskamp, etc.

French poems

"This second edition, completely revised and considerably augmented, of its predecessor, French lyrics."--Foreword.

Introduction to modern French lyrics /

Mode of access: Internet.

Introduction to modern French lyrics /

Mode of access: Internet.

French lyrics /

Mode of access: Internet.

The modern book of French verse in English translations,

Photocopy.

French lyrics,

Mode of access: Internet.

French portraits;

Mode of access: Internet.

The idea of poetry in France; from Houdar de La Motte to Baudelaire.

Mode of access: Internet.

Envoi

Poem

Predictability of stock market returns: Evidence from Eurozone's banking sectors

This paper analyzes the in-, and out-of sample, predictability of the stock market returns from Eurozone’s banking sectors, arising from bank-specific ratios and macroeconomic variables, using panel estimation techniques. In order to do that, I set an unbalanced panel of 116 banks returns, from April, 1991, to March, 2013, to constitute equal-weighted country-sorted portfolios representative of the Austrian, Belgian, Finish, French, German, Greek, Irish, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish banking sectors. I find that both earnings per share (EPS) and the ratio of total loans to total assets have in-sample predictive power over the portfolios’ monthly returns whereas, regarding the cross-section of annual returns, only EPS retain significant explanatory power. Nevertheless, the sign associated with the impact of EPS is contrarian to the results of past literature. When looking at inter-yearly horizon returns, I document in-sample predictive power arising from the ratios of provisions to net interest income, and non-interest income to net income. Regarding the out-of-sample performance of the proposed models, I find that these would only beat the portfolios’ historical mean on the month following the disclosure of year-end financial statements. Still, the evidence found is not statistically significant. Finally, in a last attempt to find significant evidence of predictability of monthly and annual returns, I use Fama and French 3-Factor and Carhart models to describe the cross-section of returns. Although in-sample the factors can significantly track Eurozone’s banking sectors’ stock market returns, they do not beat the portfolios’ historical mean when forecasting returns.

D’une Semaison à l’autre : contribution à une lecture des carnets de Philippe Jaccottet

Ce mémoire porte sur les carnets, publiés sous le titre La Semaison, du poète Philippe Jaccottet ; il s’attache à dégager les grandes lignes d’une pratique d’écriture qui évolue au fil du temps et à déterminer le statut de La Semaison par rapport au reste de l’œuvre. Les quatre premiers chapitres du mémoire établissent les caractéristiques de l’écriture des carnets, en étudiant de près les textes ainsi que leur évolution au fil des années, et en comparant ces textes avec les œuvres publiées parallèlement. On remarque qu’au fil du temps, les œuvres ressemblent de plus en plus aux textes que l’on trouve dans La Semaison. Les deux derniers chapitres essaient d’apprécier, plus globalement, le travail qui y est à l’œuvre. Non seulement les carnets constituent le lieu le plus approprié pour mener une réflexion sur la poésie, mais encore ce sont eux qui assurent cohésion et validité à l’œuvre.

Review short: Rebecca Law's Lilies and Stars

Review of Lilies and Stars by Rebecca Law, Picaro Press, 2013.