Hematology of the bronze Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo): Variations with age and gender

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Diseño de banco de ensayos para el elevador de un avión

De acuerdo a la normativa de TFEs el repositorio no puede dar acceso a este trabajo. Para consultarlo póngase en contacto con el tutor del trabajo. Puede acceder al resumen del mismo pinchando en el pdf adjunto

Clinical effectiveness of posaconazole versus fluconazole as antifungal prophylaxis in hematology-oncology patients: a retrospective cohort study.

In preventing invasive fungal disease (IFD) in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), clinical trials demonstrated efficacy of posaconazole over fluconazole and itraconazole. However, effectiveness of posaconazole has not been investigated in the United States in real-world setting outside the environment of controlled clinical trial. We performed a single-center, retrospective cohort study of 130 evaluable patients ≥18 years of age admitted to Duke University Hospital between 2004 and 2010 who received either posaconazole or fluconazole as prophylaxis during first induction or first reinduction chemotherapy for AML or MDS. The primary endpoint was possible, probable, or definite breakthrough IFD. Baseline characteristics were well balanced between groups, except that posaconazole recipients received reinduction chemotherapy and cytarabine more frequently. IFD occurred in 17/65 (27.0%) in the fluconazole group and in 6/65 (9.2%) in the posaconazole group (P = 0.012). Definite/probable IFDs occurred in 7 (10.8%) and 0 patients (0%), respectively (P = 0.0013). In multivariate analysis, fluconazole prophylaxis and duration of neutropenia were predictors of IFD. Mortality was similar between groups. This study demonstrates superior effectiveness of posaconazole over fluconazole as prophylaxis of IFD in AML and MDS patients. Such superiority did not translate to reductions in 100-day all-cause mortality.

Hemostatic assessment, treatment strategies, and hematology consultation in massive postpartum hemorrhage: results of a quantitative survey of obstetrician-gynecologists.

OBJECTIVE: To assess potential diagnostic and practice barriers to successful management of massive postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), emphasizing recognition and management of contributing coagulation disorders. STUDY DESIGN: A quantitative survey was conducted to assess practice patterns of US obstetrician-gynecologists in managing massive PPH, including assessment of coagulation. RESULTS: Nearly all (98%) of the 50 obstetrician-gynecologists participating in the survey reported having encountered at least one patient with "massive" PPH in the past 5 years. Approximately half (52%) reported having previously discovered an underlying bleeding disorder in a patient with PPH, with disseminated intravascular coagulation (88%, n=23/26) being identified more often than von Willebrand disease (73%, n=19/26). All reported having used methylergonovine and packed red blood cells in managing massive PPH, while 90% reported performing a hysterectomy. A drop in blood pressure and ongoing visible bleeding were the most commonly accepted indications for rechecking a "stat" complete blood count and coagulation studies, respectively, in patients with PPH; however, 4% of respondents reported that they would not routinely order coagulation studies. Forty-two percent reported having never consulted a hematologist for massive PPH. CONCLUSION: The survey findings highlight potential areas for improved practice in managing massive PPH, including earlier and more consistent assessment, monitoring of coagulation studies, and consultation with a hematologist.

Effect of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract on weight, hematology and cell-mediated immune response of newborn goat kids

This study aimed at evaluating the effects of different levels of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract on growth rate, hematology and cell-mediated immune response in Markhoz newborn goat kids. Twenty four goat kids (aged 7 +/- 3 days) were randomly allotted to four groups with six replicates. The groups included: control, T1, T2 and T3 groups which received supplemented-milk with 0, 100, 200 and 400mg aqueous rosemary extract per kg of live body weight per day for 42 days. Body weights of kids were measured weekly until the end of the experiment. On day 42, 10 ml blood samples were collected from each kid through the jugular vein. Cell-mediated immune response was assessed through the double skin thickness after intradermal injection of phyto-hematoglutinin (PHA) at day 21 and 42. No significant differences were seen in initial body weight, average daily gain (ADG) and total gain. However, significant differences in globulin (P <0.05), and white blood cells (WBC) (P <0.001) were observed. There were no significant differences in haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cells (RBC), lymphocytes and neutrophils between the treatments. Skin thickness in response to intra dermal injection of PHA significantly increased in the treated groups as compared to the control group at day 42 (P< 0.01) with the T3 group showing the highest response to PHA injection. In conclusion, the results indicated that aqueous rosemary extract supplemented-milk had a positive effect on immunity and skin thickness of newborn goat kids.

El entrenamiento en biofeedback como estrategia de intervención para la fobia a viajar en avión.

Diseñar un programa de entrenamiento en biofeedback, con el fin de eliminar o reducir el miedo a viajar en avión. Se utilizó una muestra de 56 personas fóbicas divididas en rupo de control de espera y de tratamiento, y un grupo de 46 personas no fóbicas. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de medidas repetidas de todas las variables a estudiar en tres momentos: pretratamiento, post-tratamiento y seguimiento. Se comparó también la evolución de los grupos experimentales frente al grupo de personas no fóbicas. Concretamente, las variables consideradas fueron las derivadas de la instrumentalización específica sobre el miedo a volar (IDG-FV, EMV, EPAV-A, EPAV-B, AS y registros psicofisiológicos), con la intención de evaluar los efectos directos del programa de tratamiento. Además se emplearon los cuestionarios CAP-REL, IM, PSI-2 y ESAFAC con el objetivo de valorar los posibles efectos de generalización. El tratamiento constaba de las siguientes fases: Primera Fase: pretratamiento: dos sesiones: presentación y toma de contacto con el programa, registro de respuestas psicofisiológicas y de estímulos visuales ansiógenos; Segunda Fase: Biofeedback, cinco sesiones: entrenamiento en auto-control de respuestas psicofisiológicas; Tercera Fase: cinco sesiones: exposición en imágenes ante estímulos ansiógenos con feedback por parte del terapeuta. 1. Entrevista de información diagnóstica general para la fobia a volar (IDG-FV); 2. Escala de miedo a volar (ENV); 3. Escala de expectativas de peligro y ansiedad para el miedo a volar; 4. Video-tape como situación análoga de un viaje en avión; 5. Cuestionario de ansiedad situacional (AS); 6. Cardioback; 7. Mioback; 8. Thermoback; 9. Inventario de Miedos (IM); 10. Inventario de saíntomas psicopatológicos (PSI-2); 11. Cuestionario de capacidad de relajación (CAP-REL); 12. Cuestionario sobre estrategias de afrontamiento (ESAFAC); 13. Cuestionario de expectativas de éxito terapéutico; 14. Paquete de 20 diapositivas relacionadas con distintos momentos de un vuelo en avión. Como conclusiones generales, y considerando lo que se desprende de los datos, podemos afirmar que el tratamiento-entrenamiento en biofeedback reduce no sólo de forma importante los niveles de miedo subjetivos, sino que en alguna ocasión los elimina totalmente. También incide en la reducción de sintomatología psicopatológica relacionada principalmente con el componente de ansiedad, y ha incidido de forma favorable en que las personas se perciban más autocontroladas, y se infravaloren y autocritiquen negativamente en menor medida. Sin embargo, tenemos que resaltar que hay un porcentaje de personas que no consiguen superar el problema, y también debemos contemplar el hecho de que tanto los registros psicofisiológicos como la ansiedad situacional, salvando el seguimiento, no establecen diferencias entre antes y después del tratamiento, así como tampoco en su comparación con el grupo control. Este tipo de tratamiento puede ser utilizado en aquellas personas cuyos niveles de miedo sean moderados y que exhiban una menor temperatura en la línea base, y en aquellas que posean un mayor nivel educativo que les permita 'comprender' mejor la terapia.

Com vola un avió. 'Cómo vuela un avión'.

Resumen del vídeo en catalán

El fantasma de l'avió. 'El fantasma del avión'.

Se propone un material de trabajo en torno a la película. Ésta trata de un fantasma que aparece en un avión y siembra el pánico entre los tripulantes. Pero una niña le acepta y se hace amiga de él. Se trabaja la fantasía, la amistad y la tolerancia. Se propone una lluvia de ideas sobre personajes fantásticos y análisis de la película.

Manejo de la comunicación institucional en momentos de crisis: caso del accidente del avión de Petroecuador

Este trabajo de investigación analiza el manejo de los medios de comunicación impresa: periódicos y revistas en momentos de crisis, tomando como contexto el accidente aéreo de una de las aeronaves de Petroecuador. Basados en la teoría y la realidad se construyó una narración cronológica de los hechos contados desde las noticias de prensa publicadas, tomando como base el libro de Eliseo Verón, “Construir el Acontecimiento”. y el análisis con el texto “La Espiral del Silencio” de Elizabeth Noelle-Neumann Luego del análisis narrativo hecho con los periódicos El Comercio, de Quito; el Universo de Guayaquil y la revista Vistazo, por la mayor cobertura que tienen estos medios; se procedió a describir la situación a la par de observar la posibilidad de construir un escenario para la comunicación en momentos de crisis por parte de Petroecuador. Se presentaron sugerencias comunicacionales institucionales a fin de lograr una cobertura más positiva en el tratamiento que dan los medios de comunicación a estos sucesos y accidentes, donde se involucran vidas humanas y como maneja el dolor de los familiares, con lo cual se procuró mostrar una propuesta de comportamiento comunicacional para sus ejecutivos, el departamento de Relaciones Públicas y trabajadores, en caso de que suceda una situación de crisis y tengan que afrontarla.

Hematology and productive performance of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) naturally infected with Flavobacterium columnare

Columnaris disease is one of the main causes of mortality in tilapia rearing and is responsible for large economic losses worldwide. Hematology is a tool that makes it possible to study organisms' physiological responses to pathogens. It may assist in making diagnoses and prognoses on diseases in fish populations. The hematological variables of nile tilapia were studied in specimens with a clinical diagnosis of columnaris disease and in specimens that were disease-free. The total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin rate, hematocrit percentage, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), organic defense blood cell percentages (leukocytes and thrombocytes) and hepatosomatic and splenosomatic index were determined. The results showed that there were changes in the erythrocytic series and in organic defense blood cells, in the fish infected with the bacterium, with reductions in erythrocytic variables and significant increases in the numbers of circulating lymphocytes and neutrophils.

Hematology of Piaractus mesopotamicus fed diets supplemented with vitamins C and E, challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila

Piaractus mesopotamicus were fed diets supplemented with three vitamin C and/or E levels (zero, 250, and 500 mg vitamin/kg dry ration) and challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. The fish were fed during the first 60 days with diets without vitamins C and E, in an attempt to reduce vitamin sources. After this period, test diets were offered during 60 days. At the end of the experiment, all fish were intraperitoneally injected with 6 x 10(6) Colony forming units (cfu) of A. hydrophila per fish. It was concluded that for pacu, vitamin C and E are essential for protection of erythrocytes. Vitamin C induces an increase in the number of circulating thrombocytes in a dose-response relation. However, just like vitamin deficiency should be avoided, excess vitamins can also cause damage to fish as observed in the hematocrit and hemoglobin values. Based on the hematological responses obtained, the recommended vitamin C and vitamin E levels for P mesopotamicus juveniles are 500 and 250 mg/kg feed, respectively. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Performance and hematology of pacu fed diets supplemented with vitamins C and/or E

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)