826 resultados para Au film
Resumo:
Après le succès mondial de la série télévisée prolongé par les films, la franchise Sex and the City est devenue un phénomène de masse. Sujet de plusieurs études académiques qui mettent en évidence l’importance du post-féminisme pour le succès de la franchise, Sex and the City se distingue par la relation particulière qui s’instaure entre les spectateurs et les personnages, et qui est l’objet de la présente étude : relation qui passe par la représentation des thèmes et du quotidien féminins et surtout par la construction des personnages, principalement du personnage principal Carrie Bradshaw. De plus, elle est renforcée par des stratégies médiatiques utilisées pour rapprocher le public féminin à partir des processus de reconnaissance et d’identification qui dirigent la réception de masse.
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Optical transmittance and conductivity for thin metallic films, such as Au, are two inversely related and extremely important parameters for its application in organic photovoltaics as the front electrode. We report our findings on how these parameters have been optimized to attain maximum possible efficiencies by fabricating organic solar cells with thin Au film anodes of differing optical transmittances and consequently due to scaling at the nanolevel, varying electrical conductivities. There was an extraordinary improvement in the overall solar cell efficiency (to the order of 49%) when the Au thin film transmittance was increased from 38% to 54%. Surface morphologies of these thin films also have an effect on the critical parameters including, Voc, Jsc and FF.
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SiO2/Si/SiO2 nanometer double barriers (SSSNDB) with Si layers of twenty-seven different thicknesses in a range of 1-5 nm with an interval of 0.2 nm have been deposited on p-Si substrates using two-target alternative magnetron sputtering. Electroluminescence (EL) from the semitransparent Au film/SSSNDB/p-Si diodes and from a control diode without any Si layer have been observed under forward bias. Each EL spectrum of all these diodes can be fitted by two Gaussian bands with peak energies of 1.82 and 2.25 eV, and full widths at half maximum of 0.38 and 0.69 eV, respectively. It is found that the current, EL peak wavelength and intensities of the two Gaussian bands of the Au/SSSNDB/p-Si structure oscillate synchronously with increasing Si layer thickness with a period corresponding to half a de Broglie wavelength of the carriers. The experimental results strongly indicate that the EL originates mainly from two types of luminescence centres with energies of 1.82 and 2.25 eV in the SiO2 barriers, rather than from the nanometer Si well in the SSSNDB. The EL mechanism is discussed in detail.
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When operated with a metallic tip and sample the scanning tunnelling microscope constitutes a nanoscale, plasmonic light source yielding broadband emission up to a photon energy determined by the applied bias. The emission is due to tunnelling electron excitation and subsequent radiative decay of localized plasmon modes, which can be on the lateral scale of a single metal grain (similar to 25 nm) or less. For a Au-tip/Au-polycrystalline sample under ambient conditions it is found that the intensity and spectral content of the emitted light are not dependent on the lateral grain dimension, but are predominantly determined by the tip geometry. However, the intensity increases strongly with increasing film thickness (grain depth) up to 20-25 nm or approximately the skin depth of the Au film. Photon maps can show less emissive grains and two classes of this occurrence are distinguished. The first is geometrical in origin - a double-tip structure in this case - while the second is due to a contamination-induced lowering of the local work function that causes the tunnel gap to increase. It is suggested that differences in work-function lowering between grains presenting different crystalline facets, combined with an exponential decay in emitted light intensity with tip - sample distance, leads to grain contrast. These results are relevant to tip-enhanced Raman scattering and the fabrication of micro/nano-scale planar, light-emitting tunnel devices.
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The light output from nominally smooth Al-Ox-Au tunnel junctions is observed to be substantially independent of the deposition rate of the Au film electrode. Films deposited quickly (2 nm s-1) and those deposited slowly (0.16 nm s-1) have similar spectral dependences and intensities. (This is in contrast to roughened films where those deposited quickly give out less light, especially towards the blue end of the spectrum.) The behaviour can be interpreted in terms of the ratio l(ph)/l(em) where l(ph) and l(em) are the mean free paths of surface plasmons between external photon emissions and internal electromagnetic absorptions respectively. Once l(ph)/l(em) exceeds 100, as it does on smooth films, grain size has little further effect on the spectral shape of the light output. In fast-deposited films there are two compensating effects on the output intensity: grain boundary scattering decreases it and greater surface roughness increases it.
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Visible light is emitted from the Au-air interface of Al-I-Au thin-film tunnel junctions (deposited over a thin layer of CaF2 on glass) as a result of the decay of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). We show the surface topography of such a Au film and relate its large-scale features to the outcoupling of fast SPP's to photons. The absence of short-scale roughness features is explained by thier disappearance through surface diffusion. To confirm this a controlled sequence of 5-nm, 20-ms scanning tunneling microscope (STM) W tip crashes has been used to produce indentations 3 nm deep with a lateral dimension of 5-7 nm on a Au crystal in air at room temperature. Four sequences of indentations were drawn in the form of a square box. Right from the start, feature decay is observed and over a period of 2 h a succession of images shows that the structure disappears into the background as a result of surface diffusion. The surface diffusion constant is estimated to be 10(-18) cm2 s-1. The lack of light output via slow mode SPPs is an inevitable consequence of surface annealing.
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Les fichiers audiovisuels complémentaires à ce mémoire sont disponibles sur DVD. Un de ces DVD sera remis au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l’Université et l’autre sera conservé au Département d'études cinématographiques.
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Ce mémoire a comme objectif premier, l’étude du film d’enquête sur les tueurs en série. Plus spécifiquement, le mémoire examine le cas du film Zodiac réalisé par David Fincher en 2007. En procédant par analyses comparatives portant sur la structure narrative, les thématiques et les mécanismes de réception du film d’enquête, nous avons tenté de mettre en lumière des hypothèses quant à l’insuccès commercial de Zodiac. La première section de l’étude examine la spécificité et les fonctions propres au film d’enquête sur les tueurs en série et parvient ainsi à tirer la conclusion qu’il prévaut de catégoriser ce corpus d’œuvres comme un sous-genre du film policier. Nous avons étudié la fonction sociale et médiatique des archétypes filmiques du tueur et de l’enquêteur afin d’atteindre une meilleure compréhension de la fascination du public américain pour ce sous-genre. La seconde section du mémoire examine comment Zodiac se détache des conventions génériques et, particulièrement, comment la mise en scène opère une démystification de la figure du tueur en série. De plus, nous avons soulevé le traitement particulier déployé par Zodiac, soit la monstration, par le biais des personnages, du travail spectatoriel de mise en récit de l’enquête. La troisième section vise à démontrer la rupture de l’horizon d’attente du spectateur chez Zodiac ainsi que la chute de l’imaginaire mythique qui est ainsi engendré.
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Le corps demeure un sujet d'études en vogue de nos jours. Une multitude d'articles et d'ouvrages abordent la représentation du corps au cinéma. Notre étude se concentre précisément sur le corps du héros du film d'action américain pendant la période classique des années 80. Il sera ainsi question de la musculature hyperbolique d’Arnold Schwarzenegger et de Sylvester Stallone. L'hypothèse de notre recherche est que la mise en scène du physique de l’acteur dans le film d’action demeure représentative de la conception héroïque de son époque. Premièrement, nous explorons la construction héroïque spécifique au film d'action classique. Nous posons que cette figure de héros américain évoque une glorification de la corporalité qui renvoie à la conception mythologique du héros occidental, celle-ci relative à notre imaginaire collectif. Une attention particulière sur la performance de Stallone dans son rôle de John Rambo servira pour appuyer notre réflexion. Deuxièmement, une analyse de la représentation du corps de Schwarzenegger dans ses premiers rôles nous permettra de vérifier à quel point le physique de cet acteur correspond à un nouveau paradigme, un nouveau modèle corporel pour incarner une figure héroïque au cinéma. Troisièmement, nous considérons le contexte socio-politique américain pendant les années 80 afin de constater l'influence de la société dans la construction d'une figure héroïque au cinéma. Une étude de la figure héroïque « reaganienne » sera développée en fonction de la comparaison de ces deux stars. Nous pourrons appréhender comment la représentation du corps dans le film d'action américain peut contribuer à la construction sociale du corps dans notre société occidentale contemporaine.
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Le corps demeure un sujet d'études en vogue de nos jours. Une multitude d'articles et d'ouvrages abordent la représentation du corps au cinéma. Notre étude se concentre précisément sur le corps du héros du film d'action américain pendant la période classique des années 80. Il sera ainsi question de la musculature hyperbolique d’Arnold Schwarzenegger et de Sylvester Stallone. L'hypothèse de notre recherche est que la mise en scène du physique de l’acteur dans le film d’action demeure représentative de la conception héroïque de son époque. Premièrement, nous explorons la construction héroïque spécifique au film d'action classique. Nous posons que cette figure de héros américain évoque une glorification de la corporalité qui renvoie à la conception mythologique du héros occidental, celle-ci relative à notre imaginaire collectif. Une attention particulière sur la performance de Stallone dans son rôle de John Rambo servira pour appuyer notre réflexion. Deuxièmement, une analyse de la représentation du corps de Schwarzenegger dans ses premiers rôles nous permettra de vérifier à quel point le physique de cet acteur correspond à un nouveau paradigme, un nouveau modèle corporel pour incarner une figure héroïque au cinéma. Troisièmement, nous considérons le contexte socio-politique américain pendant les années 80 afin de constater l'influence de la société dans la construction d'une figure héroïque au cinéma. Une étude de la figure héroïque « reaganienne » sera développée en fonction de la comparaison de ces deux stars. Nous pourrons appréhender comment la représentation du corps dans le film d'action américain peut contribuer à la construction sociale du corps dans notre société occidentale contemporaine.
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Synopsis Show Me The Magic takes us on an enthralling and joyful journey into the life and work of the legendary and world-renowned Australian cinematographer, Don McAlpine. A country kid from the small wheat-belt town of Quandialla in isolated south-western New South Wales, Australia, McAlpine was born in 1934 - the year before the first technicolour film was released. There wasn’t even a cinema in Quandialla. Don helped his mother support their family from the age of 14, when his father was stricken by tuberculosis. His part-time job at the Temora chemist as a darkroom photo developer struck a chord in young Don's soul. Soon, a school performance of The Mikado ignited in him the desire to entertain an audience. His fascination with the magical images emerging from his darkroom set him on the winding path that would eventually lead to the glittering lights of Hollywood, where, in 2009, he received the American Society of Cinematographers’ “International Cinematographer of the Year” Award in front of the foremost luminaries of the American film industry. That same year, Don shot his 50th film, X-Men Origins: Wolverine, a big-budget, effects-driven action movie directed by Oscar-winner Gavin Hood and starring Hugh Jackman. Show Me the Magic takes us on set and behind the scenes of that film. In 2011, Don posted another landmark: Mental, a low budget movie directed by PJ Hogan (Muriel’s Wedding, My Best Friend’s Wedding, Peter Pan). Mental was Don’s first digital film and his first Australian film in 25 years. As we travel with Don back into his past, and into the Australian outback landscape that he loves so much, we experience the extremes of movie making: embedded alongside him on the contrasting sets of Wolverine and Mental, we peel back the layers of what Don calls ‘the beautiful deception' of cinema to illuminate the world behind the screen. Joined by celebrated Australian directors Bruce Beresford and Gillian Armstrong, we explore the heritage of the remarkable Australian films that Don photographed, including the iconic Breaker Morant and My Brilliant Career. In Los Angeles, Don reconnects with Paul Mazursky who gave him his big break in Hollywood with Tempest and followed up with Down and Out in Beverly Hills. And two Australians of a later generation - Baz Luhrmann and Catherine Martin - take us behind the scenes on Don’s spectacular creative achievements – Romeo + Juliet and Moulin Rouge! At once the story of a remarkable man and an exploration of filmmaking at the highest level, Show Me The Magic will engage and entrance anyone who has ever been touched by the magic of movies. - See more at: http://www.showmethemagic.com.au/film.htm#synopsis" This film is dedicated to the memory of South African film-maker Peter Henkel, 1924 - 1992.
Resumo:
A simple ac resistance bridge is proposed. The stability of the design is better than 10(-6), which is especially suitable for detecting tiny changes of resistance. An example of magnetoresistance measurement for a 220 nm Au film shows the good performance of the bridge. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3202284]
Resumo:
High quality silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were grown directly from n-(111) silicon single crystal substrate by using Au film as a metallic catalyst. The diameter and length of the formed nanowires are 30-60 nm and from several micrometers to sereral tens of micrometers, respectively. The effects of Au film thickness, annealing temperature, growth time and N-2 gas flow rate on the formation of the nanowires were experimentally investigated. The results confirmed that the silicon nanowires with controlled diameter, length, shape and orientation can be obtained via reasonably choosing and optimizing various technical conditions. The formation process of the silicon nanowires is analyzed qualitatively based on solid-liquid-solid growth mechanism.
Resumo:
Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were grown directly from n-(111) single-crystal silicon (c-Si) substrate based on a solid-liquid-solid mechanism, and Au film was used as a metallic catalyst. The room temperature photoluminescence properties of SiNWs were observed by an Xe lamp with an exciting wavelength of 350 nm. The results show that the SiNWs exhibit a strongly blue luminescent band in the wavelength range 400-480 nm at an emission peak position of 420 nm. The luminescent mechanism of SiNWs indicates that the blue luminescence is attributed to the oxygen-related defects, which are in SiOx amorphous oxide shells around the crystalline core of SiNWs.