Review of 'The Thai Village Economy in the Past'

This charmingly old-fashioned little book was first published in Thai in 1984, and now appears in an elegant English translation. The two major intellectual influences that gave it birth are rather older, dating from the 1950s, 1960s, and early 1970s. The first developed from the intersection of the academic pre-eminence of varieties of Marxist thinking about the Third World and the struggles of anticolonial peasant-based revolutionaries and produced a high age of romanticism about the Southeast Asian village and the unfortunate victims who inhabited them. The origins of the second are more uncertain, but probably represent, paradoxically, a Thai appropriation of those Western social-science constructions of Thai cultural uniqueness which were especially popular in the 1950s and 1960s.

Incidencia de la política de sol naciente surcoreana en las relaciones políticas bilaterales entre Corea del Norte y Corea del Sur. Periodo 2000 al 2008

Las relaciones políticas bilaterales entre la República Popular Democrática de Corea (Corea del Norte) y la República de Corea (Corea del Sur) se resumen en un constructo social de desconfianza y enemistad, remanente de la Guerra Fría, que ha puesto en riesgo la seguridad del noreste asiático. La ausencia de interacción y la necesidad de mediación por parte de otros actores, parecían la característica latente hasta la gestión e implementación de la Política de Sol Naciente surcoreana, la cual se plantea con la pretensión de alcanzar la reunificación nacional en la península, a partir de la reconciliación y compromiso entre las dos Coreas. Desde la perspectiva constructivista de las Relaciones Internacionales, la reunificación nacional implica la reconsideración de una identidad colectiva coreana, capaz de transformar las identidades irreconciliables precedentes, heredadas del tutelaje de la Unión Soviética y los Estados Unidos; la Guerra de Corea y la reinterpretación de la primera identidad colectiva de la Nación coreana unida.

Los intereses estratégicos de EEUU, Rusia, China y Japón como determinantes de la estrategia de mantenimiento de la Estructura en la Península Coreana. 2003-2013.

El propósito principal de esta monografía es ofrecer una perspectiva crítica sobre el conflicto latente en la Península Coreana, haciendo un acercamiento al mismo desde un marco teórico asentado en el realismo estructural de Kenneth Waltz. De este modo, se busca responder a cuestiones sobre los intereses estatales como fundamento básico de las estrategias de mantenimiento de la Estructura en regiones geopolíticamente sensibles. Al final, se llega a la conclusión afirmando que la Estructura ejerce una serie de funciones para garantizar su preservación mediante una acción de convergencia en la conducta de los Estados. Esta realidad ha mantenido a la Península Coreana sin un conflicto bélico en los últimos 50 años, muy a pesar de estar al borde del mismo en varias ocasiones, ya que de llegarse a presentar se rompería la estabilidad de la región, y por ende el Equilibrio de Poderes estaría en grave riesgo.

Os Jesuítas e o comércio entre Macau e o Japão

Neste artigo, procurei examinar a intervenção da Companhia de Jesus no Comércio existente entre Macau e o Japão, ocorrido nos séculos XVI e XVII. Paralelamente pretendi demonstrar e levantar a hipótese que o envolvimento e a crescente corrupção associada a este trato comercial, em parte protagonizada pelos jesuítas associados aos comerciantes de Macau, poderia estar relacionado com a expulsão do Cristianismo do Japão no início do séc. XVII. Para o efeito acima descrito, referenciei alguns documentos da autoria de jesuítas e franciscanos, os quais tinham vivido no Japão, assim como importantes informações relacionadas com o trato e o papel de intermediários comerciais desempenhado pelos jesuítas.

Geografia e propaganda segundo a Historia del gran Reyno de la China de frei Juan González de Mendoza, 1585-1586

Mercê das cerca de 45 edições em sete línguas publicadas entre 1585 e o termo do século XVI, a Historia de las cosas mas notables, ritos y costumbres del gran Reyno de la Chinado agostinho espanhol Juan González de Mendoza logrou ser o primeiro best-seller internacional sobre o mundo chinês e um dos mais influentes livros da proto-sinologia europeia de Quinhentos e Seiscentos. As reivindicações dos poderes seculares da colónia espanhola de Manila e dos mendicantes do Padroado por um lugar na China não só contribuíram decisivamente para a génese da obra, como ajudam a justificar o impacto que esta conseguiu na Europa culta da transição do século XVI para o século XVII. Seja como for, para a cabal compreensão deste caso editorial é necessário proceder a inquéritos complementares, como o que investigue o modo como frei González de Mendoza articulou as informações de origem espanhola e portuguesa de que dispôs para compor a sua síntese sobre a China. Neste particular, ganha especial importância observar o tratamento concedido aos conteúdos de índole geográfica e avaliar, a partir daí, as razões subjacentes a opções que certa vez denotam um recuo objectivo em relação às informações disponíveis, outras uma aparente ruptura face a textos de referência, outras ainda a recuperação de ideias há muito abandonadas nos meios de vanguarda que se iam encarregando da actualização do moderno conhecimento europeu sobre a China. A articulação entre algumas destas opções e o serviço da propaganda do acto missionário dos mendicantes espanhóis constitui uma das principais pistas a explorar.

Quinine, mosquitoes and empire: reassembling malaria in British India, 1890-1910

The drug quinine figured as an object of enforced consumption in British India between the late 1890s and the 1910s, when the corresponding diagnostic category malaria itself was redefined as a mosquito-borne fever disease. This article details an overlapping milieu in which quinine, mosquitoes and malaria emerged as intrinsic components of shared and symbiotic histories. It combines insights from new imperial histories, constructivism in the histories of medicine and literature about non-humans in science studies to examine the ways in which histories of insects, drugs, disease and empire interacted and shaped one another. Firstly, it locates the production of historical intimacies between quinine, malaria and mosquitoes within the exigencies and apparatuses of imperial rule. In so doing, it explores the intersections between the worlds of colonial governance, medical knowledge, vernacular markets and pharmaceutical business. Secondly, it outlines ways to narrate characteristics and enabling properties of non-humans (such as quinines and mosquitoes) while retaining a constructivist critique of scientism and empire. Thirdly, it shows how empire itself was reshaped and reinforced while occasioning the proliferation of categories and entities like malaria, quinine and mosquitoes.

Enantiodromia

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

In the name of the father, son, and grandson:succession patterns and the Kim dynasty

This paper seeks to understand North Korea’s Kim Il Sung to Kim Jong Il and Kim Jong Il to Kim Jong Un’s hereditary transition by proposing a comparative analysis of several dictatorship families. The paper utilizes totalitarian successions in Nicaragua with García and Debayle, in Haiti with the Duvalier family, in Syria with the al-Assads, in Azerbaijan with the Aliyevs, in Congo with the Kabilas in order to draw parallels and difference with the North Korea. Eventually, North Korea’s control over information and its management of myths are highlighted as factors that have enabled the country’s hereditary transition, though new patterns of domestic governance might lead to a different political environment over the Korean peninsula.

Prospects of the Hong Kong Tourism Industry

Suggestions for future planning are offered to Hong Kong tourism practitioners and policy makers on the basis of estimated tourism demand, 1998 to 2007. The authors give an overview of the historical background of the Hong Kong tourism industry and use formal tourism forecasting techniques to estimate this demand.

"To Hold the World in Contempt": The British Empire, War, and the Irish and Indian Nationalist Press, 1899-1914

The era between the close of the nineteenth century and the onset of the First World War witnessed a marked increase in radical agitation among Indian and Irish nationalists. The most outspoken political leaders of the day founded a series of widely circulated newspapers in India and Ireland, placing these editors in the enviable position of both reporting and creating the news. Nationalist journalists were in the vanguard of those pressing vocally for an independent India and Ireland, and together constituted an increasingly problematic contingent for the British Empire. The advanced-nationalist press in Ireland and the nationalist press in India took the lead in facilitating the exchange of provocative ideas—raising awareness of perceived imperial injustices, offering strategic advice, and cementing international solidarity. Irish and Indian press coverage of Britain’s imperial wars constituted one of the premier weapons in the nationalists’ arsenal, permitting them to build support for their ideology and forward their agenda in a manner both rapid and definitive. Directing their readers’ attention to conflicts overseas proved instructive in how the Empire dealt with those who resisted its policies, and also showcased how it conducted its affairs with its allies. As such, critical press coverage of the Boxer Rebellion, Boer War, Russo-Japanese War, and World War I bred disaffection for the Empire, while attempts by the Empire to suppress the critiques further alienated the public. This dissertation offers the first comparative analysis of the major nationalist press organs in India and Ireland, using the prism of war to illustrate the increasingly persuasive role of the press in promoting resistance to the Empire. It focuses on how the leading Indian and Irish editors not only fostered a nationalist agenda within their own countries, but also worked in concert to construct a global anti-imperialist platform. By highlighting the anti-imperial rhetoric of the nationalist press in India and Ireland and illuminating their strategies for attaining self-government, this study deepens understanding of the seeds of nationalism, making a contribution to comparative imperial scholarship, and demonstrating the power of the media to alter imperial dynamics and effect political change.

Análisis de mujeres cachemires como sujetos subalternos en la representación institucional de India y Paquistán a partir del fenómeno de desaparición forzada (1989-2008)

El interés de esta monografía es analizar las consecuencias de la representación institucional de India y Paquistán en la disputa territorial por Cachemira durante el periodo de 1989 a 2008. Puntualmente, se analiza y explica cómo la representación institucional prestada individualmente por India y Paquistán validó sus intereses como agentes de poder en la región, pasó por alto las necesidades de la población cachemir y fomentó la práctica de la desaparición forzada, lo que en consecuencia convirtió a las mujeres cachemires en un grupo subalterno. Para tal objetivo, se hará uso de la teoría postcolonialista, específicamente el enfoque subalternista de la autora Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak ya que permite explicar adecuadamente el proceso mediante el cual las mujeres cachemires se convirtieron en un grupo subalterno.

History of vegetation and habitat change in the Austral-Asian region

Over 1000 marine and terrestrial pollen diagrams and Some hundreds of vertebrate faunal sequences have been studied in the Austral-Asian region bisected by the PEPII transect, from the Russian arctic extending south through east Asia, Indochina, southern Asia, insular Southeast Asia (Sunda), Melanesia, Australasia (Sahul) and the western south Pacific. The majority of these records are Holocene but sufficient data exist to allow the reconstruction of the changing biomes over at least the past 200,000 years. The PEPII transect is free of the effects of large northern ice caps yet exhibits vegetational change in glacial cycles of a similar scale to North America. Major processes that can be discerned are the response of tropical forests in both lowlands and uplands to glacial cycles, the expansion of humid vegetation at the Pleistocene-Holocene transition and the change in faunal and vegetational controls as humans occupy the region. There is evidence for major changes in the intensity of monsoon and El Nino-Southern oscillation variability both on glacial-interglacial and longer time scales with much of the region experiencing a long-term trend towards more variable and/or drier climatic conditions. Temperature variation is most marked in high latitudes and high altitudes with precipitation providing the major climate control in lower latitude, lowland areas. At least some boundary shifts may be the response of vegetation to changing CO2 levels in the atmosphere. Numerous questions of detail remain, however, and current resolution is too coarse to examine the degree of synchroneity of millennial scale change along the transect. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.