Radial flow behavior of artificial recharge from surface cavities,

Bibliography: p. 53.

Hydrologic analysis of the proposed Badger-Beaver Creeks artificial-recharge project, Morgan County, Colorado /

"July 1980."

Investigation of artificial recharge of aquifers in Nebraska /

"September 1980."

Artificial recharge of a brackish water well /

Mode of access: Internet.

Bibliography on artificial recharge of ground water from 1954 through 1961, with a section on related subjects /

Mode of access: Internet.

A geologic approach to artificial recharge site selection in the Fresno-Clovis area, California /

Issued Jan. 1980.

Simulated effects of an artificial-recharge experiment near Proctor, Logan County, Colorado /

Bibliography: p. 13.

Water resources assessment and geographic information system (GIS)-based stormwater runoff estimates for artificial recharge of freshwater aquifers in New Providence, Bahamas

The Bahamas is a small island nation that is dealing with the problem of freshwater shortage. All of the country’s freshwater is contained in shallow lens aquifers that are recharged solely by rainfall. The country has been struggling to meet the water demands by employing a combination of over-pumping of aquifers, transport of water by barge between islands, and desalination of sea water. In recent decades, new development on New Providence, where the capital city of Nassau is located, has created a large area of impervious surfaces and thereby a substantial amount of runoff with the result that several of the aquifers are not being recharged. A geodatabase was assembled to assess and estimate the quantity of runoff from these impervious surfaces and potential recharge locations were identified using a combination of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing. This study showed that runoff from impervious surfaces in New Providence represents a large freshwater resource that could potentially be used to recharge the lens aquifers on New Providence.

Aquifer recharge in Moura region (South Portugal)

Dissertação de mest., Recursos Hídricos, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Univ. do Algarve, 2011

Numerical Feasibility Study for Treated Wastewater Recharge as a Tool to Impede Saltwater Intrusion in the Coastal Aquifer of Gaza – Palestine

The ongoing depletion of the coastal aquifer in the Gaza strip due to groundwater overexploitation has led to the process of seawater intrusion, which is continually becoming a serious problem in Gaza, as the seawater has further invaded into many sections along the coastal shoreline. As a first step to get a hold on the problem, the artificial neural network (ANN)-model has been applied as a new approach and an attractive tool to study and predict groundwater levels without applying physically based hydrologic parameters, and also for the purpose to improve the understanding of complex groundwater systems and which is able to show the effects of hydrologic, meteorological and anthropogenic impacts on the groundwater conditions. Prediction of the future behaviour of the seawater intrusion process in the Gaza aquifer is thus of crucial importance to safeguard the already scarce groundwater resources in the region. In this study the coupled three-dimensional groundwater flow and density-dependent solute transport model SEAWAT, as implemented in Visual MODFLOW, is applied to the Gaza coastal aquifer system to simulate the location and the dynamics of the saltwater–freshwater interface in the aquifer in the time period 2000-2010. A very good agreement between simulated and observed TDS salinities with a correlation coefficient of 0.902 and 0.883 for both steady-state and transient calibration is obtained. After successful calibration of the solute transport model, simulation of future management scenarios for the Gaza aquifer have been carried out, in order to get a more comprehensive view of the effects of the artificial recharge planned in the Gaza strip for some time on forestall, or even to remedy, the presently existing adverse aquifer conditions, namely, low groundwater heads and high salinity by the end of the target simulation period, year 2040. To that avail, numerous management scenarios schemes are examined to maintain the ground water system and to control the salinity distributions within the target period 2011-2040. In the first, pessimistic scenario, it is assumed that pumping from the aquifer continues to increase in the near future to meet the rising water demand, and that there is not further recharge to the aquifer than what is provided by natural precipitation. The second, optimistic scenario assumes that treated surficial wastewater can be used as a source of additional artificial recharge to the aquifer which, in principle, should not only lead to an increased sustainable yield of the latter, but could, in the best of all cases, revert even some of the adverse present-day conditions in the aquifer, i.e., seawater intrusion. This scenario has been done with three different cases which differ by the locations and the extensions of the injection-fields for the treated wastewater. The results obtained with the first (do-nothing) scenario indicate that there will be ongoing negative impacts on the aquifer, such as a higher propensity for strong seawater intrusion into the Gaza aquifer. This scenario illustrates that, compared with 2010 situation of the baseline model, at the end of simulation period, year 2040, the amount of saltwater intrusion into the coastal aquifer will be increased by about 35 %, whereas the salinity will be increased by 34 %. In contrast, all three cases of the second (artificial recharge) scenario group can partly revert the present seawater intrusion. From the water budget point of view, compared with the first (do nothing) scenario, for year 2040, the water added to the aquifer by artificial recharge will reduces the amount of water entering the aquifer by seawater intrusion by 81, 77and 72 %, for the three recharge cases, respectively. Meanwhile, the salinity in the Gaza aquifer will be decreased by 15, 32 and 26% for the three cases, respectively.

Análisis de la técnica de recarga artificial en la Cubeta de Sant Andreu de la Barca (Barcelona)

El presente proyecto pretende mostrar las posibilidades de la recarga artificial como elemento de gestión de los recursos de agua subterránea del acuífero aluvial del río Llobregat, en su sector de la Cubeta de Sant Andreu de la Barca (Barcelona), el cual es fuente de abastecimiento urbano, agrícola e industrial del entorno de Sant Andreu de la Barca. Igualmente, se revisa la efectividad de la aplicación de dicha técnica que se practica actualmente. Hace años, las condiciones naturales del río hacían posible la recarga natural de la Cubeta, pero la implantación de industrias en la zona y la regulación mediante la presa de La Baells desde el año 1976, han originado cambios en el comportamiento natural del acuífero, que se han manifestado básicamente en una disminución de la recarga natural como consecuencia de la impermeabilización de los suelos originada por la urbanización de los mismos. Se ha producido también un fenómeno de colmatación del lecho del río, al dificultarse la removilización de los materiales finos depositados en el fondo del cauce, produciendo también una disminución de la recarga al acuífero a través del lecho. Por último, la mayor demanda de suministro por parte del sector industrial ha influido negativamente en el almacenamiento del acuífero. Desde hace décadas, se lleva efectuando una recarga artificial en el lecho del río para tratar de paliar en lo posible estos efectos perjudiciales. La misma se efectúa mediante dos sistemas distintos: escarificando el lecho del río para aumentar su capacidad de infiltración, y mediante la utilización de balsas de recarga, a través de las cuales se infiltra el agua en el acuífero. El objetivo de este proyecto es analizar el efecto actual que la recarga mediante balsas está teniendo sobre el acuífero. Para ello, se utilizarán, entre otras técnicas, la elaboración de un modelo matemático con el que poder simular el efecto de la recarga. VIII ABSTRACT This project aims to show the possibilities of artificial recharge as groundwater resources management element in the alluvial aquifer of the Llobregat River, in the sector of the Basin of Sant Andreu de la Barca (Barcelona), which is a source of urban, agricultural and industrial supply of the Sant Andreu de la Barca area. Too, the effectiveness of the current implementation of this technique is reviewed. Years ago, natural river conditions made possible the natural recharge of the aquifer, but the establishment of industries in the area and the river regulation by the la Baells dam since 1976, have led to changes in the natural behavior of the aquifer, which basically are a decrease in natural recharge, because the soil has become impervious, due to land urbanization. There has been also a phenomenon of clogging of the river bed, caused by the difficult in the remobilization of fine materials deposited on the river bed, which has produced a decrease in the groundwater recharge through the river. Finally, the increase in water demand by the industrial sector, has diminished aquifer storage. For decades, artificial recharge in the river bed has been practiced to alleviate negative effects. It is done by two different systems: scratching the river bed to increase its infiltration capacity, and using recharge ponds, through which water infiltrates into the aquifer. The objective of this project is to analyze the current effect that recharge by ponds is having in the aquifer. Among other techniques, mathematical modeling has been used for simulating the effect of artificial recharge in the aquifer.

Replenishment of ground water supplies by artificial means /

"Based on Technical bulletin no. 578, Spreading water for storage underground."

Environmental aspects of water spreading for ground-water recharge /

Bibliography: p. 19-21.

Isotopic fingerprints in surficial waters : Stable isotope methods applied in hydrogeological studies

The driving force behind this study has been the need to develop and apply methods for investigating the hydrogeochemical processes of significance to water management and artificial groundwater recharge. Isotope partitioning of elements in the course of physicochemical processes produces isotopic variations to their natural reservoirs. Tracer property of the stable isotope abundances of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon has been applied to investigate hydrogeological processes in Finland. The work described here has initiated the use of stable isotope methods to achieve a better understanding of these processes in the shallow glacigenic formations of Finland. In addition, the regional precipitation and groundwater records will supplement the data of global precipitation, but as importantly, provide primary background data for hydrological studies. The isotopic composition of oxygen and hydrogen in Finnish groundwaters and atmospheric precipitation was determined in water samples collected during 1995 2005. Prior to this study, no detailed records existed on the spatial or annual variability of the isotopic composition of precipitation or groundwaters in Finland. Groundwaters and precipitation in Finland display a distinct spatial distribution of the isotopic ratios of oxygen and hydrogen. The depletion of the heavier isotopes as a function of increasing latitude is closely related to the local mean surface temperature. No significant differences were observed between the mean annual isotope ratios of oxygen and hydrogen in precipitation and those in local groundwaters. These results suggest that the link between the spatial variability in the isotopic composition of precipitation and local temperature is preserved in groundwaters. Artificial groundwater recharge to glaciogenic sedimentary formations offers many possibilities to apply the isotopic ratios of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon as natural isotopic tracers. In this study the systematics of dissolved carbon have been investigated in two geochemically different glacigenic groundwater formations: a typical esker aquifer at Tuusula, in southern Finland and a carbonate-bearing aquifer with a complex internal structure at Virttaankangas, in southwest Finland. Reducing the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in water is a primary challenge in the process of artificial groundwater recharge. The carbon isotope method was used to as a tool to trace the role of redox processes in the decomposition of DOC. At the Tuusula site, artificial recharge leads to a significant decrease in the organic matter content of the infiltrated water. In total, 81% of the initial DOC present in the infiltrated water was removed in three successive stages of subsurface processes. Three distinct processes in the reduction of the DOC content were traced: The decomposition of dissolved organic carbon in the first stage of subsurface flow appeared to be the most significant part in DOC removal, whereas further decrease in DOC has been attributed to adsorption and finally to dilution with local groundwater. Here, isotope methods were used for the first time to quantify the processes of DOC removal in an artificial groundwater recharge. Groundwaters in the Virttaankangas aquifer are characterized by high pH values exceeding 9, which are exceptional for shallow aquifers on glaciated crystalline bedrock. The Virttaankangas sediments were discovered to contain trace amounts of fine grained, dispersed calcite, which has a high tendency to increase the pH of local groundwaters. Understanding the origin of the unusual geochemistry of the Virttaankangas groundwaters is an important issue for constraining the operation of the future artificial groundwater plant. The isotope ratios of oxygen and carbon in sedimentary carbonate minerals have been successfully applied to constrain the origin of the dispersed calcite in the Virttaankangas sediments. The isotopic and chemical characteristics of the groundwater in the distinct units of aquifer were observed to vary depending on the aquifer mineralogy, groundwater residence time and the openness of the system to soil CO2. The high pH values of > 9 have been related to dissolution of calcite into groundwater under closed or nearly closed system conditions relative to soil CO2, at a low partial pressure of CO2.

Tekopohjavesi ja sen valmistamista haittaava suodatinaineksen tukkeutuminen

Artificial recharge and clogging process.