Aspects of Arminian Soteriology in Methodist-Lutheran Ecumenical Dialogues in 20th and 21st Century

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the key ecumenical dialogues between Methodists and Lutherans from the perspective of Arminian soteriology and Methodist theology in general. The primary research question is defined as: "To what extent do the dialogues under analysis relate to Arminian soteriology?" By seeking an answer to this question, new knowledge is sought on the current soteriological position of the Methodist-Lutheran dialogues, the contemporary Methodist theology and the commonalities between the Lutheran and Arminian understanding of soteriology. This way the soteriological picture of the Methodist-Lutheran discussions is clarified. The dialogues under analysis were selected on the basis of versatility. Firstly, the sole world organisation level dialogue was chosen: The Church – Community of Grace. Additionally, the document World Methodist Council and the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification is analysed as a supporting document. Secondly, a document concerning the discussions between two main-line churches in the United States of America was selected: Confessing Our Faith Together. Thirdly, two dialogues between non-main-line Methodist churches and main-line Lutheran national churches in Europe were chosen: Fellowship of Grace from Norway and Kristuksesta osalliset from Finland. The theoretical approach to the research conducted in this thesis is systematic analysis. The Remonstrant articles of Arminian soteriology are utilised as an analysis tool to examine the soteriological positions of the dialogues. New knowledge is sought by analysing the stances of the dialogues concerning the doctrines of partial depravity, conditional election, universal atonement, resistible grace and conditional perseverance of saints. This way information is also provided for approaching the Calvinist-Arminian controversy from new perspectives. The results of this thesis show that the current soteriological position of the Methodist-Lutheran dialogues is closer to Arminianism than Calvinism. The dialogues relate to Arminian soteriology especially concerning the doctrines of universal atonement, resistible grace and conditional perseverance of saints. The commonalities between the Lutheran and Arminian understanding of soteriology exist mainly in these three doctrines as they are uniformly favoured in the dialogues. The most discussed area of soteriology is human depravity, in which the largest diversity of stances occurs as well. On the other hand, divine election is the least discussed topic. The overall perspective, which the results of the analysis provide, indicates that the Lutherans could approach the Calvinist churches together with the Methodists with a wider theological perspective and understanding when the soteriological issues are considered as principal. Human depravity is discovered as the area of soteriology which requires most work in future ecumenical dialogues. However, the detected Lutheran hybrid notion on depravity (a Calvinist-Arminian mixture) appears to provide a useful new perspective for Calvinist-Arminian ecumenism and offers potentially fruitful considerations to future ecumenical dialogues.

Comparative views of the controversy between the Calvinists and the Arminians.

"From the press of E. Bronson" wanting in imprint of vol. II.

Christ dying and drawing sinners to himself, or, A survey of our Saviour in his soul-suffering, his loveliness in his death, and the efficacy thereof ... delivered in sermons on the Gospel according to John ... /

Mode of access: Internet.

Arminian inconsistencies and errors; in which it is shown that all the distinctive doctrines of the Presbyterian confession of faith are taught by standard writers of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Mode of access: Internet.

The Great supper not Calvinistic : being a reply to the Rev. Dr. Fairchild's discourses on the Parable of the Great supper /

Mode of access: Internet.

A IGREJA DO NAZARENO: DOS PRIMÓRDIOS (1895) AO CINQUENTENÁRIO NO BRASIL (2008)

Este trabalho é uma descrição e análise sócio-histórica da Igreja do Nazareno nos aspectos mais importantes que contribuíram para sua inserção e expansão no Brasil. Descrevemos a trajetória formativa dessa Igreja nos Estados Unidos, partindo das considerações históricosociológicas dos valores teológicos que ela agrega, como o Arminianismo, a tradição wesleyana e a doutrina da santidade. Buscamos entender, primordialmente, como se deu o processo de inserção e expansão da Igreja do Nazareno no Brasil, sua estrutura de governo, sua prática litúrgica, a formação de pastores, a forma de agregação de membros e a relação que se estabelece entre esses pastores e os membros. O estudo sobre essa denominação ainda é incipiente no meio acadêmico brasileiro, assim, buscamos suplantar a ausência de informações sobre ela, nesse meio. Portanto, ressaltamos os aspectos de um enfoque sócio histórico institucional que podem se distanciar da forma eclesial como os próprios nazarenos compreendem sua denominação. Na abordagem desse objeto, enfatizamos a pesquisa bibliográfica, a análise documental, a utilização de recursos audiovisuais, bem como a observação participante. Este trabalho possibilitou o entendimento de que a Igreja do Nazareno, desde seus primórdios, conduz sua prática pela distinção no meio protestante em que se insere. No caso do Brasil, em que existem muitas outras denominações, a Igreja se firma sobre sua principal distinção, a doutrina da santidade, a qual, por um enfoque da teoria das economias religiosas, tem servido de produto para atender determinado nicho do mercado religioso brasileiro.