Ancient Egypt.

La historia del Antiguo Egipto se extiende desde el 3.100 antes de Cristo hasta al año 30 antes de Cristo,en que se convierte en provincia del Imperio Romano. Se destaca la importancia del río Nilo en el nacimiento de la civilización egipcia, aspectos y creencias religiosos y su repercusión : vida de ultratumba, momificación, construcción de las pirámides,aspectos sociales y cotidianos, así como el desciframiento de los jeroglíficos.

Ancient Egypt.

Los misterios del antiguo Egipto se comparten con los jóvenes lectores en un formato que es fácil de seguir y se complementa con numerosas fotografías a color. La historia de Egipto se explica sin profundizar demasiado en los detalles, pero la verdadera atención se centra en las habilidades ide la gente: la arquitectura, el diseño y el arte. Hay secciones sobre entierros, pirámides, jeroglíficos, momias, la tumba de Tutankamón, templos y ciudades. Se explican las técnicas utilizadas para el estudio de estas civilizaciones, incluyendo cómo se realiza la reconstrucción facial utilizando cráneos encontrados en tumbas. Fotografías de las distintas fases de excavaciones arqueológicas y explicaciones de las técnicas utilizadas en excavaciones para preservar las ruinas. Los apéndices incluyen un cronograma,glosario y recursos para obtener más información y una sencilla biografía.

'The house of books': libraries and archives in Ancient Egypt

In 1957, John Sperry Jr. published an article in Libri entitled “Egyptian libraries: a survey of the evidence.” Some 55 years on, this article revisits the subject, taking into account research undertaken in the field of Egyptology over the last half a century. Based on an extended essay written for the online Certificate in Egyptology course at the University of Manchester, this article considers the evidence for the existence of “institutional” (that is, created for the use and functioning of the state) libraries and archives in Ancient Egypt throughout the dynastic period (c.3500−30 B.C.); their history, purpose and, to some extent, their administration. It also considers an aspect not explored in Sperry’s article, that of “private” libraries in Ancient Egypt (texts collected by an individual for their own personal use). Whilst estimated literacy levels within the general population precluded the widespread collection of texts for personal edification, there is evidence to suggest that private libraries were present in Ancient Egypt. The article concludes with a brief assessment of the legacy of these ancient libraries and their influence on the creation of the Library of Alexandria, in both its ancient and modern manifestations.

The Divine Eye in Ancient Egypt and in the Midrash Interpretation of Formative Judaism.

This paper studies the “eye” as a religious phenomenon from the multiple traditions of ancient Egypt compared with rabbinic Judaism in late antiquity using a semiotic approach based upon the theories of Umberto Eco. This method was chosen because the eye is a graphic as well as a linguistic sign which both express religious concepts. Generally, the eye represented an all-seeing and omnipresent divinity. In other words, the god was reduced to an eye, whereby the form of the symbol suggests a meaning to the viewer or religious practitioner. In this manner the eye represented the whole body of a deity in Egyptian and the power of a discerning God in rabbinic texts. By focusing upon the semantic aspect of the eye metaphor in both Egyptian and rabbinic texts two religious traditions of the visually perceivable are analyzed from a semiotic perspective.

Common and unexpected findings in mummies from ancient Egypt and South America as revealed by CT

Computed tomography (CT) has proved to be a valuable investigative tool for mummy research and is the method of choice for examining mummies. It allows for noninvasive insight, especially with virtual endoscopy, which reveals detailed information about the mummy's sex, age, constitution, injuries, health, and mummification techniques used. CT also supplies three-dimensional information about the scanned object. Mummification processes can be summarized as "artificial," when the procedure was performed on a body with the aim of preservation, or as "natural," when the body's natural environment resulted in preservation. The purpose of artificial mummification was to preserve that person's morphologic features by delaying or arresting the decay of the body. The ancient Egyptians are most famous for this. Their use of evisceration followed by desiccation with natron (a compound of sodium salts) to halt putrefaction and prevent rehydration was so effective that their embalmed bodies have survived for nearly 4500 years. First, the body was cleaned with a natron solution; then internal organs were removed through the cribriform plate and abdomen. The most important, and probably the most lengthy, phase was desiccation. After the body was dehydrated, the body cavities were rinsed and packed to restore the body's former shape. Finally, the body was wrapped. Animals were also mummified to provide food for the deceased, to accompany the deceased as pets, because they were seen as corporal manifestations of deities, and as votive offerings. Artificial mummification was performed on every continent, especially in South and Central America.

Exhibition of the art of ancient Egypt. 1895.

The various introductory notices signed: Henry Wallis, W.M. Flinders Petrie, F.G. Hilton Price.

The Religion of ancient Egypt /

Mode of access: Internet.

Ancient Egypt, her testimony to the truth of the Bible : being an interpretation of the inscriptions and pictures which remain upon her tombs and temples ... /

Reproduced by xerography.

The monuments of ancient Egypt : and their relation to the Word of God /

Errata slip inserted.

The story of ancient Egypt,

Mode of access: Internet.

Scarabs. The history, manufacture and religious symbolism of the scarabæus in ancient Egypt, Phœnicia, Sardinia, Etruria, etc.

Photocopy.