An analysis of individual-on-individual injuries reported to OIG, FY94-FY96 /

Also on cover: An analysis of individual-on-individual injuries reported to the Office of the Inspector General from the department facilities, July 1993 through June 1996.

Annual report of the Office of the Inspector General to the Governor and the General Assembly.

Description based on: FY89 (April 1988-June 1989).

Semi-annual report ... of the Inspector General : made pursuant to section 5(a) of Public Law 95-452, Inspector General Act of 1978 /

Issues for Apr. 1, 1979/Sept. 30, 1979- also numbered.

Exploring an increase in allegations, FY96-FY97 : a study by the Office of the Inspector General exploring the increase in allegations of abuse and neglect reported from the Department-operated mental health and developmental disability facilities /

"May 1999"--Letter of transmittal.

The fiscal year ... annual report of the Office of the Inspector General to the Governor and the General Assembly, highlighting the accomplishments of the office during its first decade and past year /

Title from cover.

Agents for preventing and detecting fraud and waste : a report on the tenth anniversary of the Inspector General Act of 1978 /

"September 1988"--P. [2] (1st group).

Semi-annual report of the Inspector General

"A report pursuant to section 5(a) of Public Law 95-452."

Abuse and neglect of adults with disabilities : DHS Office of the Inspector General FY ... annual report.

Description based on: 2004/2005 ; title from cover.

Office of the Inspector General fiscal year ... annual report.

"Annual Report to the Governor and the General Assembly covering July 1996 through June 1997, the last year that OIG was within the Department of Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities" -- from cover.

Program audit : Office of the Inspector General, Department of Human Services.

Description based on: 1998 ; title from cover.

Inspectors General : work performed by the Department of Labor Inspector General in 1988 and 1989 : briefing report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Labor-Management Relations, Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives /

"B-241937"--P. 1.

WATS accidents reported from January 1976 to July 1977 : a descriptive analysis of the accident alert reports /

Final report; issued Aug. 1977.

Population effects on individual systolic blood pressure: A multilevel analysis of the World Health Organization MONICA project

Individuals from the same population share a number of contextual circumstances that may condition a common level of blood pressure over and above individual characteristics. Understanding this population effect is relevant for both etiologic research and prevention strategies. Using multilevel regression analyses, the authors quantified the extent to which individual differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP) could be attributed to the population level. They also investigated possible cross-level interactions between the population in which a person lived and pharmacological (antihypertensive medication) and nonpharmacological (body mass index) effects on individual SBP. They analyzed data on 23,796 men and 24,986 women aged 35-64 years from 39 worldwide Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA) study populations participating in the final survey of this World Health Organization project (1989-1997). SBP was positively associated with low educational achievement, high body mass index, and use of antihypertensive medication and, for women, was negatively associated with smoking. About 7-8% of all SBP differences between subjects were attributed to the population level. However, this population effect was particularly strong (i.e., 20%) in antihypertensive medication users and overweight women. This empirical evidence of a population effect on individual SBP emphasizes the importance of developing population-wide strategies to reduce individual risk of hypertension.

Nocebo effects in the treatment of major depression: results from an individual study participant-level meta-analysis of the placebo arm of duloxetine clinical trials

BACKGROUND: The nocebo effect, when a harmless substance creates harmful effects in a person who takes it, is a clinically salient yet seldom studied phenomenon that may be associated with poorer treatment outcomes, perceived adverse events, and treatment discontinuation. The covert presence of nocebo responders in clinical trials may contribute to outcome variance in both placebo and active treatment arms for important primary and secondary endpoints. Nocebo effects are thought to be driven by expectancy and conditioning. METHOD: This study analyzed pooled clinical trial data in the placebo arms of controlled trials of antidepressant medications to investigate variables associated with the emergence of adverse outcomes in placebo-treated participants (N = 2,457). Specifically, we examined treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and discontinuation in placebo-treated individuals. Trials were commenced between 1993 and 2010 as studies of duloxetine versus active comparator and/or placebo. RESULTS: TEAEs were reported by 1,569 placebo-treated participants (63.9%), with 115 (4.7%) discontinuing from the studies due to TEAEs and 274 (11.2%) showing worsening of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale total score during placebo treatment. There was specifically no evidence to support the expectancy hypothesis, that reported TEAEs were influenced by adverse effects described in the clinical trials participant information and consent forms, or the conditioning hypothesis, that reported TEAEs would be influenced by adverse effect profiles of previous antidepressant medications used by these study participants. There was some evidence to suggest that people who had previously used complementary medications were more likely to report TEAEs. Variables specific to individual studies were the strongest predictors of TEAEs. DISCUSSION: In this study, TEAEs were very common among placebo-treated clinical trial participants. Unexpectedly, there was no evidence to associate TEAEs with adverse clinical outcomes, nor were the conditioning or expectancy hypotheses supported by these data. CONCLUSIONS: The nocebo effect is a common, covert, and poorly understood driver of clinical outcomes that requires further investigation.

In search of the autonomous and critical individual: a philosophical and pedagogical analysis of the physical education curriculum of São Paulo (Brazil)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)