Early western travels, 1748-1846; a series of annotated reprints of some of the best and rarest contemporary volumes of travel, descriptive of the aborigines and social and economic conditions in the middle and far West, during the period of early American settlement,

Vol. 25 (81 plates, fold. map) 53 cm.

East-West cranial differentiation in pre-Columbian populations from Central and North America

In a recent study we found that crania from South Amerindian populations on each side of the Andes differ significantly in terms of craniofacial shape. Western populations formed one morphological group, distributed continuously over 14,000 km from the Fuegian archipelago (southern Chile) to the Zulia region (northwestern Venezuela). Easterners formed another group, distributed from the Atlantic Coast up to the eastern foothills of the Andes. This differentiation is further supported by several genetic studies, and indirectly by ecological and archaeological studies. Some authors suggest that this dual biological pattern is consistent with differential rates of gene flow and genetic drift operating on both sides of the Cordillera due to historical reasons. Here we show that such East-West patterning is also observable in North America. We suggest that the ""ecological zones model"" proposed by Dixon, explaining the spread of the early Americans along a Pacific dispersal corridor, combined with the evolution of different population dynamics in both regions, is the most parsimonious mechanism to explain the observed patterns of within- and between-group craniofacial variability. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Fire History at the Eastern Great Plains Margin, Missouri River Loess Hills

The purpose of this paper is to provide quantitative fire history information for a geographically unique region, the Loess Hills of northwest Missouri. We sampled 33 bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.), chinkapin oak (Q. muehlenbergii Engelm.), and black oak (Q. velutina Lam.) trees from the Brickyard Hill Conservation Area in northwest Missouri. The period of tree-ring record ranged in calendar years from 1671 to 2004 and fire-scar dates (n = 97) ranged from 1672 to 1980. Fire intervals for individual trees ranged from 1 to 87 years. The mean fire interval was 6.6 years for the pre-Euro-American settlement period (1672-1820), and 5.2 years for the entire record (1672-1980). A period of more frequent fire (mean fire interval = 1.6 for 1825 to 1850) coincided with Euro-American settlement of the area. The average percentage of trees scarred at the site was 16.8%, or about 1 in 7 trees sampled per fire. No significant relationship between fire years and drought conditions was found; however, events prior to 1820 may have been associated with wet to dry mode transitions.

Judge Fritznoodle /

Frontispiece and plates facing p. 13, 46, 126, 173 and 236 signed by P.H. Shea.

Different Early Post-Settlement Strategies Between American Lobsters Homarus Americanus and Rock Crabs Cancer Irroratus in the Gulf of Maine

The abundance of many invertebrates with planktonic larval stages can be determined shortly after they reach the benthos. In this study, we quantified patterns of abundance and habitat utilization of early benthic phases of the American lobster Homarus americanus and the rock crab Cancer irroratus. These 2 decapods are among the most common and abundant macroinvertebrates in coastal zones of the Gulf of Maine, with similar densities of larger individuals. Settlement and early postsettlement survival indicate that lobsters are highly substrate-specific early in life, settling predominantly in cobble beds. Crabs appear to be less selective, setting both in cobble and sand. Cumulative settlement of crabs, inferred from weekly censuses over the summer, was an order of magnitude greater than that of lobsters over the same time period. However, only crabs showed significant postsettlement losses. Although the identity of specific predators is unknown, predator exclusion experiments and placement of vacant uninhabited nursery habitat suggested that post-settlement mortality rather than emigration was responsible for these losses. The selective habitat-seeking behavior and lower post-settlement mortality of lobsters is consistent with their lower fecundity and later onset of reproductive maturity. The patterns observed for crabs, however, suggest a different strategy which is more in accordance with their higher fecundity and earlier onset of maturity. It is possible that lower fecundity but greater per-egg investment, along with strict habitat selection at settlement and lower post-settlement mortality, allows adult lobster populations to equal adult populations of crabs. This occurs despite crabs being more fecund and less habitat-selective settlers but sustaining higher postsettlement mortality.

An illustrated history of the great republic : being a full and complete history of the American union from its earliest settlement down to the present time ... /

Cover title: Great republic.

Judicial settlement of controversies between states of the American union : an analysis of cases decided in the Supreme Court of the United States /

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Annals of the American revolution; or, A record of the causes and events which produced, and terminated in the establishment and independence of the American Republic. To which is prefixed a summary account of the first settlement of the country, and some of the principal Indian wars. To which is added an appendix, containing a biography of the principal military officers, who were instrumental in achieving our independence.

Microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich., University Microfilms [n.d.] (American culture series, Reel 367.1)

An American biographical and historical dictionary, containing an account of the lives, characters, and writings of the most eminent persons in North America from its first settlement, and a summary of the history of the several colonies and of the United States.

Mode of access: Internet.

Florida, its history and its romance : the oldest settlement in the United States, associated with the most romantic events of American history, under the Spanish, French, and American flags, 1497-1901 /

Mode of access: Internet.

Proceedings of National Conference, American Society for Judicial Settlement of International Disputes

Mode of access: Internet.

American medical biography: or, Memoirs of eminent physicians who have flourished in America. To which is prefixed a succinct history of medical science in the United States, from the first settlement of the country.

Mode of access: Internet.

A library of American literature from the earliest settlement to the present time,

Contents.--v. 1. Early colonial literature, 1607-1675.--v. 2. Later colonial literature, 1676-1764.--v. 3. Literature of the revolutionary period, 1765-1787.--v. 4. Literature of the republic, pt. 1, 1788-1820.--v. 5. Literature of the republic, pt. 2, 1821-1834.--v. 6-8. Literature of the republic, pt. 3, 1835-1860.--v. 9.-10. Literature of the republic, pt. 4, 1861-1888.--v. 11. Literature of the republic, pt. 4, 1861-1888 (continued) Additional selections, 1834-1889. Short biographies of all authors represented in this work, by Arthur Stedman. General index.

American medical biography, or, Memoirs of eminent physicians who have flourished in America to which is prefixed a succinct history of medical science in the United States from the first settlement of the country.

Reprint of the 1828 ed.