975 resultados para Amblyomma sp.


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Hymenopteran parasitoids have been shown to be of potential value in tick biocontrol. Tick parasitoids has been reported only once in Brazil, over 95 yr ago when Ixodiphagus hookeri (Howard) was reported parasitizing Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) nymphs in Rio de Janeiro. Herein, we report the occurrence of Ixodiphagus spp. in ticks from three different regions of Brazil. In the state of Maranhao, in northeastern Brazil, parasitoids were detected in R. sanguineus nymphs on three occasions, during August 2009 and September 2010 (dry season), and January 2011 (rainy season). All parasitoids found in northeastern Brazil were identified as I. hookeri. In the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (westDcentral Brazil), one Amblyomma sp. engorged nymph was shown to be parasitized by I. hookeri. In the state of Rondonia (northern Brazil), one Amblyomma sp. engorged nymph was parasitized by Ixodiphagus texanus (Howard). Because Ixodiphagus spp. are present in ecologically distinct and geographically distant areas of Brazil, they are of potential use for biocontrol in the country.

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Didelphis albiventris, gambá-de-orelha-branca, é um marsupial de hábitos crepusculares e noturnos que se alimenta de frutos, insetos, pequenos répteis e anfíbios, filhotes de aves e pequenos mamíferos. Com a destruição de seu “habitat” natural devido às queimadas e desmatamentos, esses animais têm-se aproximado, cada vez mais, das regiões peridomiciliar e domiciliar, onde procuram abrigo e alimentos. Com o objetivo de conhecer a diversidade de parasitos de D. albiventris e relatar os que apresentam potencial zoonótico, foram examinados 30 exemplares desta espcie, através de necropsia, para coleta de ectoparasitos da superfície externa do corpo e helmintos dos órgãos e conteúdos estomacal e intestinal. Os sifonápteros foram removidos da superfície externa dos animais, conservados em álcool etílico a 70°GL, clarificados em líquido de Nesbitt, desidratados em etanol, diafanizados em creosoto de Faya e montados em lâminas com bálsamo do Canadá para identificação. Os carrapatos foram removidos da superfície externa dos animais, conservados em álcool etílico a 70°GL e identificados ao estereomicroscópio, segundo chaves específicas de Aragão & Fonseca (1961) e Guimarães et al (2001). Os helmintos foram recolhidos com auxílio de estiletes e pinças, clarificados em lactofenol e montados entre lâminas e lamínulas com bálsamo do Canadá para identificação ao microscópio. Do total de animais examinados, 70% estavam infestados com pulgas das espcies Polygenis (Neopolygenis) atopus, Polygenis (Polygenis) rimatus, Polygenis (Polygenis) roberti roberti, Polygenis (Polygenis) sp., Craneopsylla minerva minerva e Ctenocephalides felis felis, todas essas registradas pela primeira vez sobre D. albiventris e, exceto C. felis felis, são também registradas pela primeira vez no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Carrapatos foram encontrados em 43,33% dos animais examinados, representados pelas espcies Ixodes loricatus, Amblyomma aureolatum e Amblyomma sp, sendo A. aureolatum registrado pela primeira vez parasitando D. albiventris no Brasil. Os helmintos encontrados foram: Filo Nematoda - Capillaria spp. (esôfago, traquéia, faringe e pulmão), Didelphostrongylus hayesi (pulmão), Turgida turgida (estômago), Gnathostoma sp. (estômago e fígado), Travassostrongylus orloffi, Viannaia hamata e Trichuris minuta no intestino delgado e Trichuris didelphis, Cruzia tentaculata e Aspidodera raillieti no intestino grosso; Classe Trematoda – Echinostoma revolutum, Plagiorchis didelphidis, Rhopalias coronatus, R. baculifer, Brachylaema migrans e Didelphodiplostomum variabile, todos no intestino delgado; Classe Cestoda – exemplares da família Diphyllobotriidae, no intestino delgado; e Filo Acanthocephala – Hamanniella microcephala e Centrorhynchus sp., ambos no intestino delgado. Dos helmintos encontrados, os que apresentam potencial zoonótico segundo a literatura são T. turgida, Gnathostoma sp., Capillaria spp., B. migrans, E. revolutum e Família Diphyllobotriidae. Além disso, os sifonápteros e ixodídeos encontrados são potenciais vetores de patógenos que infectam humanos. D. albiventris, portanto, apresenta grande diversidade parasitária, incluindo espcies que podem potencialmente atingir o homem, alertando para a importância destes marsupiais na disseminação de doenças entre animais e humanos.

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Pesquisou-se a presença de anticorpos contra Borrelia burgdorferi latu sensu em cães de áreas rurais de sete municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, pelo ensaio imunoenzimático indireto, associando-se os resultados com a presença de carrapatos nestes animais. de 199 cães examinados, 15,58% estavam positivos, com títulos que variaram de 400 (13,57%) a 1600 (0,5%). Os casos positivos se distribuíram uniformemente nos sete municípios. Não houve diferença estatística (P > 0,05) de soropositivos entre as faixas etárias dos cães acima de seis meses. Carrapatos foram encontrados e coletados em 71 (35,68%) cães, dos quais 24,1% estavam infestados com Amblyomma cajennense, 13,6% com Rhipicephalus sanguineus, 2,5% com Amblyomma aureolatum e 1,5% com Amblyomma ovale. Dos animais soropositivos para B. burgdorferi, 38,7% apresentavam A. cajennense e 22,6% apresentavam R. sanguineus, não havendo, entretanto, correlação positiva entre a presença do carrapato e sorologia positiva.

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This study was conducted in October 1998 and November 1999 in the Emas National Park (131,868 ha), a savanna-type cerrado region situated in the far south of Goias State, Brazil, near the geographic center of South America (15degrees-23degrees S; 45degrees-55degrees W). Animals were captured with the aid of nets and anesthetized (15 mg/kg ketamine + 1 mg/kg xylasine) in order to collect ticks for identification and to establish laboratory colonies. They included giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) (n = 4) and yellow armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) (n = 6). Free-living ticks (larvae, nymphs, and adults) were collected from the field by using a 1 X 2-m flannel cloth. Free-living ticks were identified as Amblyomma sp., A. cajennense, and A. triste. Adult ticks collected from anteaters were identified as Amblyomma cajennense and A. nodosum and from armadillos as A. pseudoconcolor and A. nodosum. The relevance of these host-tick relationships to possible mechanisms underlying emergence of tick-borne pathogens of importance to public health is discussed.

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During 2008D2010, ticks were collected from road-killed wild animals within the Serra dos Orgaos National Park area in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In total, 193 tick specimens were collected, including Amblyomma dubitatum Neumann and Amblyomma cajennense (F.) from four Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (L.), Amblyomma calcaratum Neumann and A. cajennense from four Tamandua tetradactyla (L.), Amblyomma aureolatum (Pallas) and A. cajennense from five Cerdocyon thous L., Amblyomma longirostre (Koch) from one Sphiggurus villosus (Cuvier), Amblyomma varium Koch from three Bradypus variegatus Schinz, and A. cajennense from one Buteogallus meridionalis (Latham). Molecular analyses based on polymerase chain reaction targeting two rickettsial genes (gltA and ompA) on tick DNA extracts showed that 70.6% (12/17) of the A. dubitatum adult ticks, and all Amblyomma sp. nymphal pools collected from capybaras were shown to contain rickettsial DNA, which after DNA sequencing, revealed to be 100% identical to the recently identified Rickettsia sp. strain Pampulha from A. dubitatum ticks collected in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis with concatenated sequences (gltA-ompA) showed that our sequence from A. dubitatum ticks, referred to Rickettsia sp. strain Serra dos Orgaos, segregated under 99% bootstrap support in a same cluster with Old World rickettsiae, namely R. tamurae, R. monacensis, and Rickettsia sp. strain 774e. Because A. dubitatum is known to bite humans, the potential role of Rickettsia sp. strain Serra dos Orgaos as human pathogen must be taken into account, because both R. tamurae and R. monacencis have been reported infecting human beings.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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A reassessment of the taxonomic status of Amblyomma cajennense based on the morphological analyses of ticks from the whole distribution area of the species resulted in the redescription of A. cajennense, the validation of 2 species which had been reduced to synonymy in the past, Amblyomma mixtum and Amblyomma sculptum, and the description and definition of 3 new species, Amblyomma tonelliae n. sp., Amblyomma interandinum n. sp., and Amblyomma patinoi n. sp. This study provides descriptions and redescriptions, scanning electron microscopic and stereomicroscopic images, updated synonymies, information on geographical distributions, and host associations for each of the 6 species. Amblyomma cajennense s.s. is found in the Amazonian region of South America, A. interandinum is reported from the northern part of the Inter-Andean valley of Peru, A. mixtum is present from Texas (U.S.A.) to western Ecuador, A. patinoi occurs in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, A. tonelliae is associated with the dry areas of the Chaco region which spans from central-northern Argentina to Bolivia and Paraguay, whereas A. sculptum is distributed from the humid areas of northern Argentina, to the contiguous regions of Bolivia and Paraguay and the coastal and central-western states of Brazil.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Erythematous rashes that are suggestive of early Lyme disease have been associated with the bite of Amblyomma americanum ticks, particularly in the southern United States. However, Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, has not been cultured from skin biopsy specimens from these patients, and diagnostic serum antibodies usually have not been found. Borrelia lonestari sp nov, an uncultured spirochete, has been detected in A. americanum ticks by DNA amplification techniques, but its role in human illness is unknown. We observed erythema migrans in a patient with an attached A. americanum tick. DNA amplification of the flagellin gene flaB produced B. lonestari sequences from the skin of the patient that were identical to those found in the attached tick. B. lonestari is a probable cause of erythema migrans in humans.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Four Amblyomma sabanerae ticks collected from a turtle (Kinosternon sp.) in San Miguel, El Salvador, were found by molecular analysis to be infected by Rickettsia bellii. We provide the first report of Rickettsia bellii in Central America, and the first report of a Rickettsia species in El Salvador.