Análise do ambiente informacional dos tomadores de decisão do mercado de capitais

Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Mestrado em Administração da Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul - USCS

Contribuições de elementos do construtivismo e da mediação da informação para a inclusão digital de idosos

The life expectancy increase has been augmenting studies on human aging. Among these studies are those that address the interaction between the elderly and the information and communication technologies, which may facilitate the execution of daily activities by elderly people. Therefore, the goal of this article was to investigate the application of constructivist elements in computer courses offered to Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade – UNATI – UNESP – Campus of Marília, contributing to the digital inclusion of this community. The constructivist elements focused on the role of the teacher as a mediator in the teaching-learning process. It was found that most of these elements are already being applied in this universe, but some changes need to be undertaken in order to expand the opportunities for education and to allow students to have more autonomy for information seeking and use in the web environment.

Efeitos da adoção obrigatória das IFRS sobre a qualidade do ambiente informacional: a relevância dos fatores institucionais

O estudo investiga os efeitos da adoção obrigatória das IFRS sobre a qualidade do ambiente informacional e confirma a hipótese de que os incentivos econômicos associados aos fatores institucionais são mais relevantes do que os padrões contábeis para explicar a qualidade do ambiente informacional. Foi utilizada uma amostra de 15 países que não passaram por reformas significativas na estrutura de enforcement legal, proporcionando uma estratégia de identificação econométrica mais robusta. Os países analisados adotaram as IFRS em momentos diferentes a partir de 2006. Foram utilizadas quatro métricas de qualidade dos accruals e três métricas de performance dos analistas para operacionalizar a variável dependente qualidade do ambiente informacional. Além disso, foram utilizadas como variáveis mediadoras diversas características institucionais com potencial de afetar os incentivos à elaboração e divulgação de demonstrações financeiras. Os resultados indicam que a adoção obrigatória das IFRS afetou de forma negativa a qualidade dos accruals e a performance dos analistas. No entanto, esses resultados são contingentes à qualidade da infraestrutura institucional da jurisdição que adotou as IFRS como modelo contábil obrigatório. Os efeitos das IFRS foram significativamente mais positivos (ou menos negativos) para os países com origem legal common law, estrutura de enforcement legal mais forte, mercado de capitais mais desenvolvido, menor diferença entre padrões contábeis locais e padrões internacionais, maior grau de liberdade econômica, menor corrupção percebida e instituições mais sólidas. Foram realizados testes de robustez para verificar a sensibilidade desses resultados. Os resultados permaneceram qualitativamente iguais após serem aplicados diferentes critérios de amostragem, controlados os efeitos da crise financeira de 2008 e levado em conta o possível efeito aprendizado dos responsáveis pela elaboração e análise das demonstrações financeiras no primeiro ano de adoção. O estudo contribui com a literatura da área de contabilidade financeira e com os órgãos reguladores da indústria contábil ao fornecer evidências de que a adoção obrigatória das IFRS, quando não acompanhada por reformas econômicas e institucionais, não causará os benefícios informacionais esperados

Informação e segurança pública: modelo de banco de dados para a gestão de informações em Moçambique

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Acessibilidade em ambientes informacionais digitais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A mediação da informação aliada ao uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação em uma biblioteca escolar

Introduction: This paper presents preliminary results of the research project "Information access: actions and strategies of the Chamber of Deputies to meet 12.527/2011 Law”. Finally some considerations about the implementation of the Law within the Chamber of Deputies are presented. Objectives: Discuss the matter of public information access after the new Brazilian information access law and his relationship between the theories information policy, information regime and informational state. Methodology: Bibliographic research about several theoretical topics related to information access were raised, for example: the concept of information, information policy, informational state, information regime, electronic government and information asymmetry. Results: The preliminaries data shows a convergence of information policies from many countries, for example, Finland, Canada and South Africa, to a same point, which indicates an increase of transparency and a bigger active disclosure of information public. Conclusion: In Brazilian case, in the relationship between State and citizen, the new information access law means a materialization paradigm change or the concretization de other information regime. The sanction of this law can be interpreted as another step to increase the transparency and the affirmation of democratic relationship between State and society.

Recomendações de usabilidade e de acessibilidade em projetos de ambientes informacionais digitais para idosos

The usability and accessibility, when applied to digital information environments, provide ease of use and access to information, respectively. Thus, we aim to discuss these concepts and apply them in specific digital environments to the elderly through the documentary and bibliographic study of specific recommendations on projects for elderly users. This study was conducted in conjunction with students at the Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade (UNATI) - UNESP - Marilia, who assisted in the classification of recommendations for usability and accessibility are essential (Priority 1), important (Priority 2) and optional (Priority 3). The results indicate the importance of this type of study for the digital and social inclusion of older people by facilitating elements of access and use of information, providing the building more inclusive informational architectures. The resulting recommendations can be used as a starting point for the design of digital environments for the elderly in a specific heuristic evaluation, for example. However, it remains important to the application of usability testing with users, including the application to validate these recommendations, since different contexts may arise from the implementation of different elements, resources and information services.

Representação iterativa e folksonomia assistida para repositórios digitais

Information retrieval has been much discussed within Information Science lately. The search for quality information compatible with the users needs became the object of constant research.Using the Internet as a source of dissemination of knowledge has suggested new models of information storage, such as digital repositories, which have been used in academic research as the main form of autoarchiving and disseminating information, but with an information structure that suggests better descriptions of resources and hence better retrieval.Thus the objective is to improve the process of information retrieval, presenting a proposal for a structural model in the context of the semantic web, addressing the use of web 2.0 and web 3.0 in digital repositories, enabling semantic retrieval of information through building a data layer called Iterative Representation.The present study is characterized as descriptive and analytical, based on document analysis, divided into two parts: the first, characterized by direct observation of non-participatory tools that implement digital repositories, as well as digital repositories already instantiated, and the second with scanning feature, which suggests an innovative model for repositories, with the use of structures of knowledge representation and user participation in building a vocabulary domain. The model suggested and proposed ─ Iterative Representation ─ will allow to tailor the digital repositories using Folksonomy and also controlled vocabulary of the field in order to generate a data layer iterative, which allows feedback information, and semantic retrieval of information, through the structural model designed for repositories. The suggested model resulted in the formulation of the thesis that through Iterative Representation it is possible to establish a process of semantic retrieval of information in digital repositories.

Integração do framework manakin com a plataforma dspace para múltiplas apresentações visuais de informações nos repositórios digitais

Digital repositories are currently being used by education and research institutions in Brazil as an alternative for propagating scientific and academic results, mainly to reach institutional memory and visibility. However, the way these results are presented may influence their use, affecting user-system interaction through the interface components. Thus, it is possible to state that an unique digital information environment can offer different ways of visual presentation, customizing informational and visual components for specific users communities. In this context, tools are being developed as a resource to make access and use of information easier, and to increase the usability of digital informational environments. One of these tools, Manakin, is presented in this paper, as well as its integration with the DSpace platform, in order to enable multiple visual presentations, stressing the importance of the differentiation and direction of interfaces by a single repository to the various knowledge fields. So, results and examples of repositories with multiple visual presentations are introduced, to facilitate the use of the presented tool, as well as to reinforce the importance of a differentiated visual identity by areas of knowledge in a single repository, by means of literary and exploratory analysis.

Encontrabilidade da Informação: atributos e recomendações para ambientes informacionais digitais

At first, this paper presents the epistemological and theoretical bases that support the inclusion of an operational concept for the findability of information in the field of Information Science. In a second moment, it defines the key attributes and recommendations for the findability of information, with a view to their understanding in a practical perspective, from the epistemological and theoretical support presented. From a theoretical, exploratory, bibliographic and documentary study, the results reveal that epistemologically the findability of information fits in Information Science in post-custodial paradigm that focuses on access to information and is significantly influenced by Information and Communication Technologies. The theoretical conclusions of this concept focus on the evolution of the Web and from the perspective of the dimensions of language, where there is as pragmatic trend, as technological development that combines the actions taken by informational and institutional individuals in digital information environments. Given that these actions turn enable or not the findability of information, these individuals can be understood as mediators. Therefore, the concept of infocommunicational mediation is the basis for the findability of information. For its application in digital information environments, were defined attributes and guidelines which should be considered in the context of Information Architecture. The attributes characterizing the concept and guidelines point at practical actions for the design and for evaluation of the findability of information. Epistemological, theoretical and practical concepts addressed underpin the called operative concept in information science and should be further explored in this scientific field.

Web colaborativa: inovação na criação, proteção e uso legal de informação

In the contemporary world, the Internet enables the development of a Collaborative Web where the decentralization and sharing of information and knowledge generate new cultural configurations of increasing representation in informational flows. In this environment, collaboration and remix practices are covered by a legislation established for another context, and an imbalance is created between what is provided by the technology and what is established by Copyright. Therefore, it is necessary to address, under the perspective of the third time in Information Science, contemporary issues concerning creation, recreation, use, reuse, sharing and dissemination of intellectual content under the legislation which regulates them. This article seeks to highlight the dilemma that contemporaneity is experiencing and how important is for both society as a whole and specially the professional of Information Science to know the legal conditions for the processes of generating, processing, using, recovering and, especially, re-using information on the Web at a larger scale. The Creative Commons licenses are emerging alternatives that offer individuals options to become not only users but also holders and creators of intellectual content under legal conditions.

Acessibilidade em Ambientes Informacionais Digitais

The current nature of World Wide Web (Web), which highlights the collaborative participation of users in some digital information environments, lead to development of guidelines with a focus on Inclusive Digital Information Architecture for a different audiences in multiples informational ambiences. This research proposes guidelines for a inclusive digital information environment, aiming to identify the elements of accessibility that allow the promotion of inclusion digital information, in order to highlight the references of the Architecture of Digital Information, the international recommendations and the structures representation of information (specially accessibility attributes), with the look of Information Science and New Technologies of Information and Communication. The thesis is as to the need to develop methodologies with guidelines that contemplate the elements of digital accessibility focused on the task of the user. The research problem is that actual methodologies and recommendations used for the development of digital information environments do not cover all the elements of accessibility with a focus on user needs. The proposition is to present, through a methodological approach (exploratory and descriptive), a theoretical-methodological proposal to promote elements of digital accessibility to the development of digital information environments, for users with or without special needs. The overall objective of this study is to contribute to the development of inclusive digital information environments, in perspective of union of theories, recommendations and technologies for the development of digital accessibility guidelines. In a theoretical dimension, the research covers a critical review of the specialized literature in the areas of Information Science and Computer Science and, in the applied part, the analysis and development of a proposal of guidelines for the architecture of a digital information environment with accessibility.

Elementos de interoperabilidade na perspectiva da catalogação descritiva

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Os efeitos da cidade digital: o direito à privacidade e à liberdade de informação

O presente trabalho analisa a formação da cidade digital nas relações sociais, ressaltando os efeitos da garantia do direito à privacidade no ambiente dos navegantes de sites e redes sociais, em função das repercussões jurídicas do vazamento de informações da vida pessoal dos usuários da rede, e do tratamento dos dados coletados pelos prestadores de serviço. Através do ciberespaço formam-se comunidades virtuais que ultrapassam a necessidade de localidade e sociabilidade, criando um isolamento social e abandonando as interações face a face em ambientes reais, originando uma sociabilidade baseada no individualismo. Avaliamos os novos padrões de interação que se originam nesta nova formatação de coletividade informacional e suas repercussões no âmbito do direito. Em uma perspectiva mais detalhada, esse estudo indica quais as hipóteses de responsabilidade civil dos provedores na Internet em decorrência de atos ilícitos cometidos por terceiros e as alternativas de um sistema de tutela da privacidade à proteção de dados, face à lesão no ambiente informacional. O levantamento das possíveis situações de responsabilização civil foi efetuado através da análise da jurisprudência e da doutrina dominante, ressaltando os aspectos fáticos que caracterizam sua formatação. Esse modelo se impõe, através de uma relação hierárquica a uma multiplicidade de indivíduos, criando um encarceramento perfeito através do exercício do biopoder. Tais papéis são reforçados por uma cultura consumista e a sociedade do espetáculo, que transforma o indivíduo em mercadoria levantando perfis de usuários conectados em rede, propiciando uma categorização dos consumidores. Nesse contexto, apresentamos os riscos de uma sociedade de vigilância que se apresenta factível como um produto das relações de mercado, que possibilita dispor livremente de um conjunto crescente de informações. Esta constante vigilância invade todos os espaços, custodiando nosso comportamento independente do tempo, com uma implacável memória no âmbito das comunicações eletrônicas, tornando nosso passado eternamente visível e fazendo surgir situações constrangedoras a nos assombrar.