Las prácticas profesionales de formación como experiencias de pasaje y tránsito identitario

El presente artículo tiene por objeto compartir algunas ideas sobre las prácticas profesionales de formación a partir de relatos de estudiantes y referencias teóricas que replantean algunos supuestos generalizados en el campo de la formación profesional. Con la intención de interrogar la imagen que muchas veces se plantea de las prácticas como ámbitos de integración y aplicación de saberes teóricos y procedimentales, los relatos e itinerarios teóricos propuestos en el texto, las muestran como tiempos de formación que suponen el abandono de una posición identitaria conocida -la de ser estudiante- para arriesgar allí otro rostro, otra palabra -la del profesional que quiere llegarse a ser-. En este tránsito se asoma algo del recién llegado, del extranjero, de aquel que emigra por primera vez de la propia casa para explorar otros mundos y dejarse sorprender en la difícil tarea de descubrirse a 'sí mismo' siendo 'otro'. En esta perspectiva, el artículo pretende aportar una mirada que abona la reflexión sobre los procesos de socialización y transmisión cultural que se desarrollan en las prácticas y sobre los efectos que esta experiencia genera en el plano identitario. Como corolario de este desarrollo plantea algunas consideraciones sobre la alternancia como estrategias de formación para el trabajo de claro potencial formativo y de alta complejidad en el plano organizativo y pedagógico

Las prácticas profesionales de formación como experiencias de pasaje y tránsito identitario

El presente artículo tiene por objeto compartir algunas ideas sobre las prácticas profesionales de formación a partir de relatos de estudiantes y referencias teóricas que replantean algunos supuestos generalizados en el campo de la formación profesional. Con la intención de interrogar la imagen que muchas veces se plantea de las prácticas como ámbitos de integración y aplicación de saberes teóricos y procedimentales, los relatos e itinerarios teóricos propuestos en el texto, las muestran como tiempos de formación que suponen el abandono de una posición identitaria conocida -la de ser estudiante- para arriesgar allí otro rostro, otra palabra -la del profesional que quiere llegarse a ser-. En este tránsito se asoma algo del recién llegado, del extranjero, de aquel que emigra por primera vez de la propia casa para explorar otros mundos y dejarse sorprender en la difícil tarea de descubrirse a 'sí mismo' siendo 'otro'. En esta perspectiva, el artículo pretende aportar una mirada que abona la reflexión sobre los procesos de socialización y transmisión cultural que se desarrollan en las prácticas y sobre los efectos que esta experiencia genera en el plano identitario. Como corolario de este desarrollo plantea algunas consideraciones sobre la alternancia como estrategias de formación para el trabajo de claro potencial formativo y de alta complejidad en el plano organizativo y pedagógico

Las prácticas profesionales de formación como experiencias de pasaje y tránsito identitario

El presente artículo tiene por objeto compartir algunas ideas sobre las prácticas profesionales de formación a partir de relatos de estudiantes y referencias teóricas que replantean algunos supuestos generalizados en el campo de la formación profesional. Con la intención de interrogar la imagen que muchas veces se plantea de las prácticas como ámbitos de integración y aplicación de saberes teóricos y procedimentales, los relatos e itinerarios teóricos propuestos en el texto, las muestran como tiempos de formación que suponen el abandono de una posición identitaria conocida -la de ser estudiante- para arriesgar allí otro rostro, otra palabra -la del profesional que quiere llegarse a ser-. En este tránsito se asoma algo del recién llegado, del extranjero, de aquel que emigra por primera vez de la propia casa para explorar otros mundos y dejarse sorprender en la difícil tarea de descubrirse a 'sí mismo' siendo 'otro'. En esta perspectiva, el artículo pretende aportar una mirada que abona la reflexión sobre los procesos de socialización y transmisión cultural que se desarrollan en las prácticas y sobre los efectos que esta experiencia genera en el plano identitario. Como corolario de este desarrollo plantea algunas consideraciones sobre la alternancia como estrategias de formación para el trabajo de claro potencial formativo y de alta complejidad en el plano organizativo y pedagógico

A Pedagogia da alternância na visão dos egressos da EFA de Porto Nacional - TO: a possibilidade de uma formação integral

Neste estudo analisamos como a Formação Integral dos Jovens, um dos pilares fins da rede de Centros Familiares de Formação por Alternância (CEFFA), vem se materializando na Escola Família Agrícola (EFA) de Porto Nacional e como se dá a participação de seus egressos nos diversos aspectos da vida social. A pesquisa baseia-se na abordagem qualitativa com perspectiva dialética, que aqui assume a forma de estudo de caso. Combinamos o uso da pesquisa bibliográfica com outros procedimentos metodológicos como a pesquisa documental, por meio da qual analisamos, entre outros, o Projeto Político e Pedagógico da EFA, relatórios, Leis da Educação e Pareceres. Realizamos, ainda, entrevistas do tipo semiestruturada com 14 egressos escolhidos, após a aplicação de um questionário respondido por 32 dos 103 estudantes que concluíram o Ensino Médio e o Ensino Profissionalizante na EFA, até o ano de 2006. Nos principais documentos da EFA de Porto Nacional, fica expressa a suposição de que a Escola pode contribuir para a Formação Integral de seus jovens, formando-os para a cidadania e construindo uma cultura de participação. A Educação do Campo, na história do Brasil, é um exemplo bem claro do descaso e da negação desse direito por parte do Estado brasileiro, no que diz respeito às políticas públicas para atender os povos do campo. É nesse vácuo da negação do direito, não só pelo próprio Estado, mas também, e principalmente, pelas classes dominantes de nosso país que nasce, no seio da sociedade civil de Porto Nacional, a Escola Família Agrícola, atendendo os jovens do campo daquela região. A EFA foi criada pela COMSAÚDE, uma instituição não-governamental, a partir de debates com as comunidades do campo de Porto Nacional e os Movimentos Sociais locais. Um dos objetivos da criação da Escola era o de atender os sujeitos do campo com uma Educação de qualidade e voltada para as especifidades dessa população, dando ênfase à Agricultura Familiar. A pesquisa concluiu que a Escola avança na medida em que trabalha o conhecimento a partir da leitura da realidade, à luz de outros conhecimentos e possibilidades no seu meio e que ela vem contribuindo para a Formação Integral e cidadã de seus jovens.

Employability, Changes and Psychosociological Demands on Work

This article presents some reflections on the `employability` construct, based on the ""Empregabilidade: Versoes e implicacoes. Uma leitura desde a Psicologia Social"" research project. Its history is presented first as an instrumental notion implying several meanings, all oriented towards holding people responsible for entering, staying at or leaving jobs. This reflection includes, beyond individualization, questions about visible or invisible actors involved in labor markets and in the definition of its criteria and rules. Interfaces with the academic world and formation devices are also discussed, as well as demands for Human Resources personnel and practices. Finally, questions about the psychosocial implications of the phenomenon are presented.

Serviços-escola de psicologia do Rio Grande do Norte: formação profissional e política pública de saúde em debate

The Psychology University Services is stablished normatively as an indispensable equipment to the recognition of the graduation courses of psychologists by the Brazilian Education Ministery. The Public Healthcare Policies (Universal Health System/SUS) constitutes itself as a input field of the professional category, but shows huge challenges in the formation of these professionals. The objective of this work is to analyse the functioning of the Psychology University Services (SEP) and the Superior Educational Institutions from Natal, understood as important formation devices to attend the actual demands of the psychologist's work on SUS. For this, it sought a) characterize the psychological practices developed in the SEP; b) relate the National Curricular Lines of Direction of the psychology courses to the skills and competences developed in the SEP to the performance on the public healthcare policies; c) mapping ways of including the SEP in the network designed by the healthcare policy. Interviews were performed with 13 academic supervisors, 8 field supervisors and technicians of superior level (TNC), along with 9 managers, being for of the Psychology University Services and 5 of the graduation programs. Questionnaires were also applied to 57 interns and 24 graduates. Besides that, two conversation circles were performed with the faculty and technician members from two of the Educational Institutions that were participating of the research, as well as a workshop with students and psychologists, promoted by the CRP 17. We observed that most part of the faculty members and managers know the DCN and comprehend that the formation is in process of change in what concerns to the extension of the formation to the performance of the psychologists in various contexts. However, most part of the TNC don't know about them. Moreover, the results point to the predominance of the assisting model based on the traditional clinic psychology, although the articulation with the public healthcare and social assistance networks can already be timidly visualized. Different modalities of practices in theses Psychology University Services were also detected, such as conversation groups, thematic workshops, organizational consultancies, team meetings with the interns and TNS in a daily basis, matriciament in mental health, therapeutic monitoring, among others. Yet, the SEP in Rio Grande do Norte are still isolated from the other courses that perform in the healthcare area and also from the services that compose the public healthcare and public policies.

Biofilm formation on intrauterine devices in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis

A biofilm is a complex community of surface-associated cells enclosed in a polymer matrix. They attach to solid surfaces and their formation can be affected by growth conditions and co-infection with other pathogens. The presence of biofilm may protect the microorganisms from host defenses, as well as significantly reduce their susceptibility to antifungal agents. Pathogenic microbes can form biofilms on the inert surfaces of implanted devices such as catheters, prosthetic cardiac valves and intrauterine devices (IUDs). The present study was carried out to analyze the presence of biofilm on the surface of intrauterine devices in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, and to determine the susceptibility profile of the isolated yeasts to amphotericin B and fluconazole. Candida albicans was recovered from the IUDs and it was found to be susceptible to the antifungal agents when tested under planktonic growing conditions. These findings indicate the presence of the biofilm on the surface of the IUD as an important risk factor for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Proposal of Using Ozonated Water to Control Biofilm Formation on Mouth-Related Devices

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness and dental applications of ozonated water generated by portable equipment (0.667 mg/L). Total elimination of C. albicans, E. coli and S. mutans planktonic cells was observed after 5 min. Reduction in the number of viable cells of biofilms formed on acrylic resin was observed for C. albicans, S. mutans and E. coli. The same effect was observed on biofilms of E. coli, S. aureus, S. mutans and C. albicans formed on stainless steel. Ozonated water was effective for the disinfection of experimentally contaminated toothbrushes.

Continuous Formation and Separation of Calcium-Alginate Capsules Containing Viable Mammalian Cells in Microfluidic Devices

Microfluidic devices can be used for many applications, including the formation of well-controlled emulsions. In this study, the capability to continuously create monodisperse droplets in a microfluidic device was used to form calcium-alginate capsules.Calcium-alginate capsules have many potential uses, such as immunoisolation of cells and microencapsulation of active drug ingredients or bitter agents in food or beverage products. The gelation of calcium-alginate capsules is achieved by crosslinking sodiumalginate with calcium ions. Calcium ions dissociated from calcium carbonate due to diffusion of acetic acid from a sunflower oil phase into an aqueous droplet containing sodium-alginate and calcium carbonate. After gelation, the capsules were separated from the continuous oil phase into an aqueous solution for use in biological applications. Typically, capsules are separated bycentrifugation, which can damage both the capsules and the encapsulated material. A passive method achieves separation without exposing the encapsulated material or the capsules to large mechanical forces, thereby preventing damage. To achieve passiveseparation, the use of a microfluidic device with opposing channel wa hydrophobicity was used to stabilize co-laminar flow of im of hydrophobicity is accomplished by defining one length of the channel with a hydrogel. The chosen hydrogel was poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate, which adheres to the glass surface through the use of self-assembled monolayer of 3-(trichlorosilyl)-propyl methacrylate. Due to the difference in surface energy within the channel, the aqueous stream is stabilized near a hydrogel and the oil stream is stabilized near the thiolene based optical adhesive defining the opposing length of the channel. Passive separation with co-laminar flow has shown success in continuously separating calcium-alginatecapsules from an oil phase into an aqueous phase. In addition to successful formation and separation of calcium alginate capsules,encapsulation of Latex micro-beads and viable mammalian cells has been achieved. The viability of encapsulated mammalian cells was determined using a live/dead stain. The co-laminar flow device has also been demonstrated as a means of separating liquid-liquidemulsions.

Efficient Liquid Liquid Extraction By Emulsion Formation and Separation in Robust Milli-Fluidic Devices

Conventional liquid liquid extraction (LLE) methods require large volumes of fluids to achieve the desired mass transfer of a solute, which is unsuitable for systems dealing with a low volume or high value product. An alternative to these methods is to scale down the process. Millifluidic devices share many of the benefits of microfluidic systems, including low fluid volumes, increased interfacial area-to-volume ratio, and predictability. A robust millifluidic device was created from acrylic, glass, and aluminum. The channel is lined with a hydrogel cured in the bottom half of the device channel. This hydrogel stabilizes co-current laminar flow of immiscible organic and aqueous phases. Mass transfer of the solute occurs across the interface of these contacting phases. Using a y-junction, an aqueous emulsion is created in an organic phase. The emulsion travels through a length of tubing and then enters the co-current laminar flow device, where the emulsion is broken and each phase can be collected separately. The inclusion of this emulsion formation and separation increases the contact area between the organic and aqueous phases, therefore increasing the area over which mass transfer can occur. Using this design, 95% extraction efficiency was obtained, where 100% is represented by equilibrium. By continuing to explore this LLE process, the process can be optimized and with better understanding may be more accurately modeled. This system has the potential to scale up to the industrial level and provide the efficient extraction required with low fluid volumes and a well-behaved system.

Atomistic molecular dynamics study of interface formation: Al on poly(p-phenylene vinylene)

We model interface formation by metal deposition on the conjugated polymer poly-para-phenylene vinylene, studying direct aluminum and layered aluminum-calcium structures Al/PPV and Al/Ca/PPV. To do that we use classical molecular dynamics simulations, checked by ab initio density-functional theory calculations, for selected relevant configurations. We find that Al not only migrates easily into the film, with a strong charge transfer to the neighboring chains, but also promotes rearrangement of the polymer in the interfacial region to the hexagonal structure. On the other hand, our results indicate that a thin Ca layer is sufficient to protect the film and maintain a well-defined metal/polymer interface, and that also a thin Al capping layer may protect the whole from environmental degradation.

Dynamic QoS-Aware coalition formation

Users of wireless devices increasingly demand access to multimedia content with speci c quality of service requirements. Users might tolerate di erent levels of service, or could be satis ed with di erent quality combinations choices. However, multimedia processing introduces heavy resource requirements on the client side. Our work tries to address the growing demand on resources and performance requirements, by allowing wireless nodes to cooperate with each other to meet resource allocation requests and handle stringent constraints, opportunistically taking advantage of the local ad-hoc network that is created spontaneously, as nodes move in range of each other, forming a temporary coalition for service execution. Coalition formation is necessary when a single node cannot execute a speci c service, but it may also be bene cial when groups perform more e ciently when compared to a single s node performance.

Evidence for inter- and intra-species biofilm formation variability among a small group of coagulase-negative staphylococci

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are common bacterial colonisers of the human skin. They are often involved in nosocomial infections due to biofilm formation in indwelling medical devices. While biofilm formation has been extensively studied in Staphylococcus epidermidis, little is known regarding other CoNS species. Here, biofilms from six different CoNS species were characterised in terms of biofilm composition and architecture. Interestingly, the ability to form a thick biofilm was not associated with any particular species, and high variability on biofilm accumulation was found within the same species. Cell viability assays also revealed different proportions of live and dead cells within biofilms formed by different species, although this parameter was particularly similar at the intra-species level. On the other hand, biofilm disruption assays demonstrated important inter- and intra-species differences regarding extracellular matrix composition. Lastly, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) experiments confirmed this variability, highlighting important differences and common features of CoNS biofilms. We hypothesised that the biofilm formation heterogeneity observed was rather associated with biofilm matrix composition than with cells themselves. Additionally, our results indicate that polysaccharides, DNA and proteins are fundamental pieces in the process of CoNS biofilm formation.

Multifunctional Ti–Me (Me=Al, Cu) thin film systems for biomedical sensing devices

Ti-Me binary intermetallic thin films based on a titanium matrix doped with increasing amounts of Me (Me = Al, Cu) were prepared by magnetron sputtering (under similar conditions), aiming their application in biomedical sensing devices. The differences observed on the composition and on the micro(structural) features of the films, attributed to changes in the discharge characteristics, were correlated with the electrical properties of the intermetallic systems (Ti-Al and Ti-Cu). For the same Me exposed areas placed on the Ti target (ranging from 0.25 cm2 to 20 cm2) the Cu content increased from 3.5 at.% to 71.7 at.% in the Ti-Cu system and the Al content, in Ti-Al films, ranged from 11 to 45 at.%. The structural characterization evidenced the formation of metastable Ti-Me intermetallic phases for Al/Ti atomic ratios above 0.20 and for Cu/Ti ratios above 0.25. For lower Me concentrations, the effect of the α-Ti(Me) structure domains the overall structure. With the increase amount of the Me into Ti structure a clear trend for amorphization was observed. For both systems it was observed a significant decrease of the electrical resistivity with increasing Me/Ti atomic ratios (higher than 0.5 for Al/Ti atomic ratio and higher than 1.3 for Cu/Ti atomic ratio). Although similar trends were observed in the resistivity evolution for both systems, the Ti-Cu films presented lower resistivity values in comparison to Ti-Al system.

Antibacterial properties of multifunctional coatings Ag-ZrCN for biomedical devices: a novel approach

PhD in Sciences Specialty in Physics