1000 resultados para Algoritmos inteligentes


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This master dissertation presents the study and implementation of inteligent algorithms to monitor the measurement of sensors involved in natural gas custody transfer processes. To create these algoritmhs Artificial Neural Networks are investigated because they have some particular properties, such as: learning, adaptation, prediction. A neural predictor is developed to reproduce the sensor output dynamic behavior, in such a way that its output is compared to the real sensor output. A recurrent neural network is used for this purpose, because of its ability to deal with dynamic information. The real sensor output and the estimated predictor output work as the basis for the creation of possible sensor fault detection and diagnosis strategies. Two competitive neural network architectures are investigated and their capabilities are used to classify different kinds of faults. The prediction algorithm and the fault detection classification strategies, as well as the obtained results, are presented

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This work presents a set of intelligent algorithms with the purpose of correcting calibration errors in sensors and reducting the periodicity of their calibrations. Such algorithms were designed using Artificial Neural Networks due to its great capacity of learning, adaptation and function approximation. Two approaches willbe shown, the firstone uses Multilayer Perceptron Networks to approximate the many shapes of the calibration curve of a sensor which discalibrates in different time points. This approach requires the knowledge of the sensor s functioning time, but this information is not always available. To overcome this need, another approach using Recurrent Neural Networks was proposed. The Recurrent Neural Networks have a great capacity of learning the dynamics of a system to which it was trained, so they can learn the dynamics of a sensor s discalibration. Knowingthe sensor s functioning time or its discalibration dynamics, it is possible to determine how much a sensor is discalibrated and correct its measured value, providing then, a more exact measurement. The algorithms proposed in this work can be implemented in a Foundation Fieldbus industrial network environment, which has a good capacity of device programming through its function blocks, making it possible to have them applied to the measurement process

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This master dissertation presents the study and implementation of inteligent algorithms to monitor the measurement of sensors involved in natural gas custody transfer processes. To create these algoritmhs Artificial Neural Networks are investigated because they have some particular properties, such as: learning, adaptation, prediction. A neural predictor is developed to reproduce the sensor output dynamic behavior, in such a way that its output is compared to the real sensor output. A recurrent neural network is used for this purpose, because of its ability to deal with dynamic information. The real sensor output and the estimated predictor output work as the basis for the creation of possible sensor fault detection and diagnosis strategies. Two competitive neural network architectures are investigated and their capabilities are used to classify different kinds of faults. The prediction algorithm and the fault detection classification strategies, as well as the obtained results, are presented

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This dissertation presents a new proposal for the Direction of Arrival (DOA) detection problem for more than one signal inciding simultaneously on an antennas array with linear or planar geometry by using intelligent algorithms. The DOA estimator is developed by using techniques of Conventional Beam-forming (CBF), Blind Source Separation (BSS), and the neural estimator MRBF (Modular Structure of Radial Basis Functions). The developed MRBF estimator has its capacity extended due to the interaction with the BSS technique. The BSS makes an estimation of the steering vectors of the multiple plane waves that reach the array in the same frequency, that means, obtains to separate mixed signals without information a priori. The technique developed in this work makes possible to identify the multiple sources directions and to identify and to exclude interference sources

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Este trabajo se enmarca dentro del ámbito de las Ciudades Inteligentes. Una Ciudad Inteligente se puede definir como aquella ciudad que usa las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones para hacer que tanto su infraestructura crítica, como sus componentes y servicios públicos ofrecidos sean más interactivos, eficientes y los ciudadanos puedan ser más conscientes de ellos. Se trata de un concepto emergente que presenta una serie de retos de diseño que se deben abordar. Dos retos importantes son la variabilidad del contexto con el tiempo y la incertidumbre en la información del contexto. Una parte fundamental de estos sistemas, y que permite abordar estos retos, son los mecanismos de toma de decisión. Estos mecanismos permiten a los sistemas modificar su comportamiento en función de los cambios que detecten en su contexto, de manera que puedan adaptarse y responder adecuadamente a la situación en cada momento. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo el desarrollo de algoritmos de toma de decisión en el marco de las Ciudades Inteligentes. En particular, se ha diseñado e implementado, utilizando el software MATLAB, un algoritmo de toma de decisión que aborda los retos mencionados y que se puede aplicar en una de las áreas que engloban las Ciudades Inteligentes: los Sistemas Inteligentes de Transporte. Este proyecto se estructura fundamentalmente en dos partes: una parte teórica y una parte práctica. En la parte teórica se trata de proporcionar al lector nociones básicas sobre los conceptos de Ciudad Inteligente y Sistemas Inteligentes de Transporte, así como de la toma de decisión. También se explican los pasos del procedimiento de la toma de decisión y se proporciona un estado del arte de los algoritmos de toma de decisión existentes. Por otro lado, la segunda parte de este proyecto es totalmente original, y en ella el autor propone un algoritmo de toma de decisión para ser aplicado en el ámbito de los Sistemas Inteligentes de Transporte y desarrolla la implementación en MATLAB del algoritmo mencionado. Por último, para demostrar su funcionamiento, se valida el algoritmo en un escenario de aplicación consistente en un sistema inteligente de gestión del tráfico. ABSTRACT. This master thesis is framed under Smart Cities environment. A Smart City can be defined as the use of Information and Communication Technologies to make the critical infrastructure components and services of a city more intelligent, interconnected and efficient and citizens can be also more aware of them. Smart City is a new concept which presents a novel set of design challenges that must be addressed. Two important challenges are the changeable context and the uncertainty of context information. One of the essential parts of Smart Cities, which enables to address these challenges, are decision making mechanisms. Based on the information collected of the context, these systems can be configured to change its behavior whenever certain changes are detected, so that they can adapt themselves and response to the current situation properly. This master thesis is aimed at developing decision making algorithms under Smart Cities framework. In particular, a decision making algorithm which addresses the abovementioned challenges and that can be applied to one of the main categories of Smart Cities, named Intelligent Transportation Systems, has been designed and implemented. To do so, MATLAB software has been used. This project is mainly structured in two parts: a theoretical part and a practical part. In theoretical part, basic ideas about the concept of Smart Cities and Intelligent Transportation Systems are given, as well as the concept of decision making. The steps of the decision making procedure are also explained and a state of the art of existing decision making algorithms is provided. On the other hand, the second part of this project is totally original. In this part, the author propose a decision making algorithm that can be applied to Intelligent Transportation Systems and develops the implementation of the algorithm in MATLAB. Finally, to show the operation of the algorithm, it is validated in an application scenario consisting in a smart traffic management system.

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De entre todos os paradigmas de aprendizagem actualmente identificados, a Aprendizagem por Reforço revela-se de especial interesse e aplicabilidade nos inúmeros processos que nos rodeiam: desde a solitária sonda que explora o planeta mais remoto, passando pelo programa especialista que aprende a apoiar a decisão médica pela experiencia adquirida, até ao cão de brincar que faz as delícias da criança interagindo com ela e adaptando-se aos seus gostos, e todo um novo mundo que nos rodeia e apela crescentemente a que façamos mais e melhor nesta área. Desde o aparecimento do conceito de aprendizagem por reforço, diferentes métodos tem sido propostos para a sua concretização, cada um deles abordando aspectos específicos. Duas vertentes distintas, mas complementares entre si, apresentam-se como características chave do processo de aprendizagem por reforço: a obtenção de experiência através da exploração do espaço de estados e o aproveitamento do conhecimento obtido através dessa mesma experiência. Esta dissertação propõe-se seleccionar alguns dos métodos propostos mais promissores de ambas as vertentes de exploração e aproveitamento, efectuar uma implementação de cada um destes sobre uma plataforma modular que permita a simulação do uso de agentes inteligentes e, através da sua aplicação na resolução de diferentes configurações de ambientes padrão, gerar estatísticas funcionais que permitam inferir conclusões que retractem entre outros aspectos a sua eficiência e eficácia comparativas em condições específicas.

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Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia de Eletrónica e Telecomunicações

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El trabajo ha sido desarrollado en el Departamento de Organización y Gestión de Empresas en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial de la Universidad de Valladolid. El objetivo fundamental del libro producto del proyecto, es el de facilitar al alumno una visión integral de las técnicas metaheurísticas orientadas a la optimización. Los temas tratados se desglosan en: 1) Introducción, 2) Redes neuronales, 3) Algoritmos genéticos, 4) Recocido simulado, 5) Búsqueda Tabú, 6) Otras técnicas. El trabajo permitirá instaurar metodologías que motiven más directamente a los alumnos en su aprendizaje.

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A neuro-fuzzy system consists of two or more control techniques in only one structure. The main characteristic of this structure is joining one or more good aspects from each technique to make a hybrid controller. This controller can be based in Fuzzy systems, artificial Neural Networks, Genetics Algorithms or rein forced learning techniques. Neuro-fuzzy systems have been shown as a promising technique in industrial applications. Two models of neuro-fuzzy systems were developed, an ANFIS model and a NEFCON model. Both models were applied to control a ball and beam system and they had their results and needed changes commented. Choose of inputs to controllers and the algorithms used to learning, among other information about the hybrid systems, were commented. The results show the changes in structure after learning and the conditions to use each one controller based on theirs characteristics

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In development of Synthetic Agents for Education, the doubt still resides about what would be a behavior that could be considered, in fact, plausible for this agent's type, which can be considered as effective on the transmission of the knowledge by the agent and the function of emotions this process. The purpose of this labor has an investigative nature in an attempt to discover what aspects are important for this behavior consistent and practical development of a chatterbot with the function of virtual tutor, within the context of learning algorithms. In this study, we explained the agents' basics, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, bots, chatterbots and how these systems need to provide credibility to report on their behavior. Models of emotions, personality and humor to computational agents are also covered, as well as previous studies by other researchers at the area. After that, the prototype is detailed, the research conducted, a summary of results achieved, the architectural model of the system, vision of computing and macro view of the features implemented.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Muitas pesquisas estão sendo desenvolvidas buscando nos sistemas inteligentes soluções para diagnosticar falhas em máquinas elétricas. Estas falhas envolvem desde problemas elétricos, como curto-circuito numa das fases do estator, ate problemas mecânicos, como danos nos rolamentos. Dentre os sistemas inteligentes aplicados nesta área, destacam-se as redes neurais artificiais, os sistemas fuzzy, os algoritmos genéticos e os sistemas híbridos, como o neuro-fuzzy. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é traçar um panorama geral sobre os trabalhos mais relevantes que se beneficiaram dos sistemas inteligentes nas diferentes etapas de análise e diagnóstico de falhas em motores elétricos, cuja principal contribuição está em disponibilizar diversos aspectos técnicos a fim de direcionar futuros trabalhos nesta área de aplicação.