Permanencia y superaci��n del '80 en dos escritores de 'entre siglos' : Enrique Lonc��n y Eduardo L. Holmberg

Si bien el '80 ha sido trabajado y le��do desde distintos contextos socio hist��ricos y literarios, la continuidad y resignificaci��n de su 'corpus' y sus legados, deja abierto un espacio para la cr��tica, con una cantidad considerable de autores que han sido lateralizados, en muchos casos, por lecturas convencionales. Enrique Lonc��n es un autor perif��rico de comienzos del siglo XX al igual que Eduardo Holmberg, a punto tal que su obra Olimpio Pitango de Monalia reci��n se public�� en el a��o 1994. Seg��n Arturo Cancela, 'Con Enrique Lonc��n, se cierra para siempre el ciclo de la literatura mundana comenzado por la generaci��n del 80, en cuyos c��nones se inscriben su personalidad, sus gustos y su literatura.? Heredero o ep��gono de escritores como Mansilla en el Sud Am��rica, de Lucio V. L��pez, de Eduardo Wilde y de Miguel Can��, pone en pr��ctica su versatilidad discursiva frecuentando el periodismo, la oratoria, la pol��tica y la literatura, a la vez que se desempe��a en la c��tedra universitaria, el Congreso Nacional y la diplomacia. Eduardo Holmberg, por otra parte, pertenece a la saga de los escritores conocidos a medias y muchas veces, por esta misma causa, ha sido motivo de una simplificaci��n oportunista de su significaci��n, sujeto a una lectura r��pida, proclive a juicios no del todo probados. La Tesis est�� estructurada en dos partes y cada una tiene como eje el estudio de uno de los dos autores citados. La primera est�� dedicada a la obra de Enrique Lonc��n, particularmente Palabras de la derrota [1919], He dicho [Brindis y discursos] [1925] y Aldea Millonaria [1933], y la segunda aborda dos conferencias 'Carlos Alberto Darwin', 'Pinceladas descriptivas' y los dos ��ltimos textos escritos por Eduardo Holmberg, Lin Calel (1910) y Olimpio Pitango de Monalia [1912-1915]. El t��tulo de la Tesis, Permanencia y superaci��n del '80 en dos escritores de 'entre-siglos', adelanta sus dos hip��tesis centrales: la 'permanencia' o continuidad po��tica e ideol��gica del '80 en los trabajos de Lonc��n, y la 'superaci��n' del mismo per��odo por la pr��ctica de escritura de Eduardo Holmberg. El cruce de ambos autores y sus respectivas obras pone de relieve un doble movimiento, el regreso al pasado por parte de quien desarroll�� su carrera literaria durante los primeros cuarenta a��os del siglo XX [Lonc��n], y la evoluci��n hacia el futuro de Holmberg que se desarroll�� literariamente a lo largo del '80. Este doble movimiento 'el retroceso hacia las fuentes por parte de Lonc��n y el 'progreso' rupturista de Holmberg- mantiene una relaci��n dial��ctica con la historia social y pol��tica del pa��s en el primer caso, y una relaci��n con la historia y con la filosof��a de la historia en el segundo, sobre todo en Olimpio Pitango de Monalia, en la medida en que deconstruye la historiograf��a liberal oficial

Permanencia y superaci��n del '80 en dos escritores de 'entre siglos' : Enrique Lonc��n y Eduardo L. Holmberg

Si bien el '80 ha sido trabajado y le��do desde distintos contextos socio hist��ricos y literarios, la continuidad y resignificaci��n de su 'corpus' y sus legados, deja abierto un espacio para la cr��tica, con una cantidad considerable de autores que han sido lateralizados, en muchos casos, por lecturas convencionales. Enrique Lonc��n es un autor perif��rico de comienzos del siglo XX al igual que Eduardo Holmberg, a punto tal que su obra Olimpio Pitango de Monalia reci��n se public�� en el a��o 1994. Seg��n Arturo Cancela, 'Con Enrique Lonc��n, se cierra para siempre el ciclo de la literatura mundana comenzado por la generaci��n del 80, en cuyos c��nones se inscriben su personalidad, sus gustos y su literatura.? Heredero o ep��gono de escritores como Mansilla en el Sud Am��rica, de Lucio V. L��pez, de Eduardo Wilde y de Miguel Can��, pone en pr��ctica su versatilidad discursiva frecuentando el periodismo, la oratoria, la pol��tica y la literatura, a la vez que se desempe��a en la c��tedra universitaria, el Congreso Nacional y la diplomacia. Eduardo Holmberg, por otra parte, pertenece a la saga de los escritores conocidos a medias y muchas veces, por esta misma causa, ha sido motivo de una simplificaci��n oportunista de su significaci��n, sujeto a una lectura r��pida, proclive a juicios no del todo probados. La Tesis est�� estructurada en dos partes y cada una tiene como eje el estudio de uno de los dos autores citados. La primera est�� dedicada a la obra de Enrique Lonc��n, particularmente Palabras de la derrota [1919], He dicho [Brindis y discursos] [1925] y Aldea Millonaria [1933], y la segunda aborda dos conferencias 'Carlos Alberto Darwin', 'Pinceladas descriptivas' y los dos ��ltimos textos escritos por Eduardo Holmberg, Lin Calel (1910) y Olimpio Pitango de Monalia [1912-1915]. El t��tulo de la Tesis, Permanencia y superaci��n del '80 en dos escritores de 'entre-siglos', adelanta sus dos hip��tesis centrales: la 'permanencia' o continuidad po��tica e ideol��gica del '80 en los trabajos de Lonc��n, y la 'superaci��n' del mismo per��odo por la pr��ctica de escritura de Eduardo Holmberg. El cruce de ambos autores y sus respectivas obras pone de relieve un doble movimiento, el regreso al pasado por parte de quien desarroll�� su carrera literaria durante los primeros cuarenta a��os del siglo XX [Lonc��n], y la evoluci��n hacia el futuro de Holmberg que se desarroll�� literariamente a lo largo del '80. Este doble movimiento 'el retroceso hacia las fuentes por parte de Lonc��n y el 'progreso' rupturista de Holmberg- mantiene una relaci��n dial��ctica con la historia social y pol��tica del pa��s en el primer caso, y una relaci��n con la historia y con la filosof��a de la historia en el segundo, sobre todo en Olimpio Pitango de Monalia, en la medida en que deconstruye la historiograf��a liberal oficial

Permanencia y superaci��n del '80 en dos escritores de 'entre siglos' : Enrique Lonc��n y Eduardo L. Holmberg

Si bien el '80 ha sido trabajado y le��do desde distintos contextos socio hist��ricos y literarios, la continuidad y resignificaci��n de su 'corpus' y sus legados, deja abierto un espacio para la cr��tica, con una cantidad considerable de autores que han sido lateralizados, en muchos casos, por lecturas convencionales. Enrique Lonc��n es un autor perif��rico de comienzos del siglo XX al igual que Eduardo Holmberg, a punto tal que su obra Olimpio Pitango de Monalia reci��n se public�� en el a��o 1994. Seg��n Arturo Cancela, 'Con Enrique Lonc��n, se cierra para siempre el ciclo de la literatura mundana comenzado por la generaci��n del 80, en cuyos c��nones se inscriben su personalidad, sus gustos y su literatura.? Heredero o ep��gono de escritores como Mansilla en el Sud Am��rica, de Lucio V. L��pez, de Eduardo Wilde y de Miguel Can��, pone en pr��ctica su versatilidad discursiva frecuentando el periodismo, la oratoria, la pol��tica y la literatura, a la vez que se desempe��a en la c��tedra universitaria, el Congreso Nacional y la diplomacia. Eduardo Holmberg, por otra parte, pertenece a la saga de los escritores conocidos a medias y muchas veces, por esta misma causa, ha sido motivo de una simplificaci��n oportunista de su significaci��n, sujeto a una lectura r��pida, proclive a juicios no del todo probados. La Tesis est�� estructurada en dos partes y cada una tiene como eje el estudio de uno de los dos autores citados. La primera est�� dedicada a la obra de Enrique Lonc��n, particularmente Palabras de la derrota [1919], He dicho [Brindis y discursos] [1925] y Aldea Millonaria [1933], y la segunda aborda dos conferencias 'Carlos Alberto Darwin', 'Pinceladas descriptivas' y los dos ��ltimos textos escritos por Eduardo Holmberg, Lin Calel (1910) y Olimpio Pitango de Monalia [1912-1915]. El t��tulo de la Tesis, Permanencia y superaci��n del '80 en dos escritores de 'entre-siglos', adelanta sus dos hip��tesis centrales: la 'permanencia' o continuidad po��tica e ideol��gica del '80 en los trabajos de Lonc��n, y la 'superaci��n' del mismo per��odo por la pr��ctica de escritura de Eduardo Holmberg. El cruce de ambos autores y sus respectivas obras pone de relieve un doble movimiento, el regreso al pasado por parte de quien desarroll�� su carrera literaria durante los primeros cuarenta a��os del siglo XX [Lonc��n], y la evoluci��n hacia el futuro de Holmberg que se desarroll�� literariamente a lo largo del '80. Este doble movimiento 'el retroceso hacia las fuentes por parte de Lonc��n y el 'progreso' rupturista de Holmberg- mantiene una relaci��n dial��ctica con la historia social y pol��tica del pa��s en el primer caso, y una relaci��n con la historia y con la filosof��a de la historia en el segundo, sobre todo en Olimpio Pitango de Monalia, en la medida en que deconstruye la historiograf��a liberal oficial

Permanencia y superaci��n del '80 en dos escritores de 'entre siglos' : Enrique Lonc��n y Eduardo L. Holmberg

Si bien el '80 ha sido trabajado y le��do desde distintos contextos socio hist��ricos y literarios, la continuidad y resignificaci��n de su 'corpus' y sus legados, deja abierto un espacio para la cr��tica, con una cantidad considerable de autores que han sido lateralizados, en muchos casos, por lecturas convencionales. Enrique Lonc��n es un autor perif��rico de comienzos del siglo XX al igual que Eduardo Holmberg, a punto tal que su obra Olimpio Pitango de Monalia reci��n se public�� en el a��o 1994. Seg��n Arturo Cancela, 'Con Enrique Lonc��n, se cierra para siempre el ciclo de la literatura mundana comenzado por la generaci��n del 80, en cuyos c��nones se inscriben su personalidad, sus gustos y su literatura.? Heredero o ep��gono de escritores como Mansilla en el Sud Am��rica, de Lucio V. L��pez, de Eduardo Wilde y de Miguel Can��, pone en pr��ctica su versatilidad discursiva frecuentando el periodismo, la oratoria, la pol��tica y la literatura, a la vez que se desempe��a en la c��tedra universitaria, el Congreso Nacional y la diplomacia. Eduardo Holmberg, por otra parte, pertenece a la saga de los escritores conocidos a medias y muchas veces, por esta misma causa, ha sido motivo de una simplificaci��n oportunista de su significaci��n, sujeto a una lectura r��pida, proclive a juicios no del todo probados. La Tesis est�� estructurada en dos partes y cada una tiene como eje el estudio de uno de los dos autores citados. La primera est�� dedicada a la obra de Enrique Lonc��n, particularmente Palabras de la derrota [1919], He dicho [Brindis y discursos] [1925] y Aldea Millonaria [1933], y la segunda aborda dos conferencias 'Carlos Alberto Darwin', 'Pinceladas descriptivas' y los dos ��ltimos textos escritos por Eduardo Holmberg, Lin Calel (1910) y Olimpio Pitango de Monalia [1912-1915]. El t��tulo de la Tesis, Permanencia y superaci��n del '80 en dos escritores de 'entre-siglos', adelanta sus dos hip��tesis centrales: la 'permanencia' o continuidad po��tica e ideol��gica del '80 en los trabajos de Lonc��n, y la 'superaci��n' del mismo per��odo por la pr��ctica de escritura de Eduardo Holmberg. El cruce de ambos autores y sus respectivas obras pone de relieve un doble movimiento, el regreso al pasado por parte de quien desarroll�� su carrera literaria durante los primeros cuarenta a��os del siglo XX [Lonc��n], y la evoluci��n hacia el futuro de Holmberg que se desarroll�� literariamente a lo largo del '80. Este doble movimiento 'el retroceso hacia las fuentes por parte de Lonc��n y el 'progreso' rupturista de Holmberg- mantiene una relaci��n dial��ctica con la historia social y pol��tica del pa��s en el primer caso, y una relaci��n con la historia y con la filosof��a de la historia en el segundo, sobre todo en Olimpio Pitango de Monalia, en la medida en que deconstruye la historiograf��a liberal oficial

Consociationalism and the evolution of political cleavages in Northern Ireland, 1989-2004

Political cleavages are often understood as deriving from either deep-rooted social divisions or institutional incentives. Contemporary Northern Ireland provides a test of the mutability of apparently entrenched cleavages to institutional change. Research undertaken before the ceasefire in the 1990s found noticeable asymmetries in the patterns of cleavage within the unionist and nationalist blocs. Within the unionist bloc, economic 'left-right' issues formed the main ideological division between the two major unionist parties. This contrasted with an ethno-national source of ideological division between the two nationalist parties. The emergence of a consociational form of government structure since then has demonstrated the ability of institutional incentives to swiftly reform some aspects of party competition however. As evidence of this, we show that between 1989 and 2004 there was little change in the sources of support for Sinn F��?����in relative to the SDLP, but the influence of left-right ideology within the unionist bloc was negated as the influence of ethno-nationalism dramatically increased.

"No Artist has Ethical Sympathies": Oscar Wilde, Aesthetics, and Moral Evolution

���There is no mode of action, no form of emotion, that we do not share with the lower animals��� (137). This evolutionary claim is not attributable to Darwin, but to Oscar Wilde, who allows Gilbert to voice this bold assertion in ���The True Function of Criticism.��� While critics have long wrestled with the ethical stance and coherence of Wilde's writings, they have overlooked a significant influence on his work: debates concerning the evolution of morality that animated the periodicals in which he was writing. Wilde was fascinated by the proposition that complex human behaviours, including moral and aesthetic responses, might be traced back to evolutionary impulses. Significantly, he also wrote for a readership already engaged with these controversies.

Charge mediated semiconducting-to-metallic phase transition in molybdenum disulphide monolayer and hydrogen evolution reaction in New 1T��� phase

The phase transition of single layer molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) from semi-conducting 2H to metallic 1T and then to 1T' phases, and the effect of the phase transition on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are investigated within this work by density functional theory. Experimentally, 2H-MoS2 has been widely used as an excellent electrode for HER and can get charged easily. Here we find that the negative charge has a significant impact on the structural phase transition in a MoS2 monolayer. The thermodynamic stability of 1T-MoS2 increases with the negative charge state, comparing with the 2H-MoS2 structure before phase transition and the kinetic energy barrier for a phase transition from 2H to 1T decreases from 1.59 eV to 0.27 eV when 4 e- are injected per MoS2 unit. Additionally, 1T phase is found to transform into the distorted structure (1T' phase) spontaneously. On their activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction, 1T'-MoS2 structure hydrogen coverage shows comparable hydrogen evolution reaction activity to the 2H-MoS2 structure. If the charge transfer kinetics is taken into account, the catalytic activity of 1T'-MoS2 is superior to that of 2H-MoS2. Our finding provides a possible novel method for phase transition of MoS2, and enriches understanding of the catalytic properties of MoS2 for HER.

Charge mediated semiconducting-to-metallic phase transition in molybdenum disulfide monolayer and hydrogen evolution reaction in new 1T��� phase

The phase transition of single layer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) from semiconducting 2H to metallic 1T and then to 1T��� phases, and the effect of the phase transition on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are investigated within this work by density functional theory. Experimentally, 2H-MoS2 has been widely used as an excellent electrode for HER and can get charged easily. Here we find that the negative charge has a significant impact on the structural phase transition in a MoS2 monolayer. The thermodynamic stability of 1T-MoS2 increases with the negative charge state, comparing with the 2H-MoS2 structure before phase transition and the kinetic energy barrier for a phase transition from 2H to 1T decreases from 1.59 to 0.27 eV when 4e��� are injected per MoS2 unit. Additionally, 1T phase is found to transform into the distorted structure (1T��� phase) spontaneously. On their activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction, 1T���-MoS2 structure shows comparable hydrogen evolution reaction activity to the 2H-MoS2 structure. If the charge transfer kinetics is taken into account, the catalytic activity of 1T���-MoS2 is superior to that of 2H-MoS2. Our finding provides a possible novel method for phase transition of MoS2 and enriches understanding of the catalytic properties of MoS2 for HER.

Wear particle analysis and the evolution of the plastically deformed layer on Australian rail steel

Particle analysis methodology is presented, together with the morphology of the wear debris formed during rolling contact fatigue. Wear particles are characterised by their surface topography and in terms of wear mechanism. Rail-wheel materials are subjected to severe plastic deformation as the contact loading progresses, which contributes to a mechanism of major damage in head-hardened rail steel. Most of the current methodologies involve sectioning of the rail-wheel discs to trace material damage phenomena such as crack propagation and plastic strain accumulation. This paper proposes methodology to analyse the development of the plastically deformed layer by sectioning wear particles using the focussed ion beam (FIB) milling method. Moreover, it highlights the processes of oxidation and rail surface delamination during unlubricated rolling contact fatigue.

Magnetic-properties of quasi-2-dimensional la1-xsr1+xmno4 and the evolution of itinerant electron ferromagnetism in the sro.(la1-xsrxmno3)n system

Quasi-two-dimensional oxides of the La,+,Sr,+,Mn04 system, possessing the KZNiF4 structure, show no evidence for ferromagnetic ordering in contrast to the corresponding three-dimensional La,+.Sr,MnO~ perovskites. Instead, there is an increasing tendency toward antiferromagnetic ordering with mcreasmg x m La,+,Sr,,, MnOp. Furthermore, these oxides are relatively high-resistivity materials over the entire compositional range. Substitution of Ba for Sr in La&r,.5Mn04 decreases the ferromagnetic interaction. Increasing the number of perovskite layers in SrO (La,-,Sr,MnO& causes an increase in electrical conductivity as well as ferromagnetic interaction. The oxide becomes a highly conducting ferromagnet when n 2 2.

Karl Popper's Philosophy of Science - And the Evolution of the Popperian Worlds

This doctoral thesis in theoretical philosophy is a systematic analysis of Karl Popper's philosophy of science and its relation to his theory of three worlds. The general aim is to study Popper's philosophy of science and to show that Popper's theory of three worlds was a restatement of his earlier positions. As a result, a new reading of Popper's philosophy and development is offered and the theory of three worlds is analysed in a new manner. It is suggested that the theory of three worlds is not purely an ontological theory, but has a profound epistemological motivation. In Part One, Popper's epistemology and philosophy of science is analysed. It is claimed that Popper's thinking was bifurcated: he held two profound positions without noticing the tension between them. Popper adopted the position called the theorist around 1930 and focused on the logical structure of scientific theories. In Logik der Forschung (1935), he attempted to build a logic of science on the grounds that scientific theories may be regarded as universal statements which are not verifiable but can be falsified. Later, Popper emphasized another position, called here the processionalist. Popper focused on the study of science as a process and held that a) philosophy of science should study the growth of knowledge and that b) all cognitive processes are constitutive. Moreover, the constitutive idea that we see the world in the searchlight of our theories was combined with the biological insight that knowledge grows by trial and error. In Part Two, the theory of three worlds is analysed systematically. The theory is discussed as a cluster of theories which originate from Popper's attempt to solve some internal problems in his thinking. Popper adhered to realism and wished to reconcile the theorist and the processionalist. He also stressed the real and active nature of the human mind, and the possibility of objective knowledge. Finally, he wished to create a scientific world view.

Elite Bargaining and the Evolution of Centre-Periphery Relations in Post-Soviet Russia : A Comparative Analysis

This work is concerned with presenting a modified theoretical approach to the study of centre-periphery relations in the Russian Federation. In the widely accepted scientific discourse, the Russian federal system under the Yeltsin Administration (1991-2000) was asymmetrical; largely owing to the varying amount of structural autonomy distributed among the federation s 89 constituent units. While providing an improved understanding as to which political and socio-economic structures contributed to federal asymmetry, it is felt that associated large N-studies have underemphasised the role played by actor agency in re-shaping Russian federal institutions. It is the main task of this thesis to reintroduce /re-emphasise the importance of actor agency as a major contributing element of institutional change in the Russian federal system. By focusing on the strategic agency of regional elites simultaneously within regional and federal contexts, the thesis adopts the position that political, ethnic and socio-economic structural factors alone cannot fully determine the extent to which regional leaders were successful in their pursuit of economic and political pay-offs from the institutionally weakened federal centre. Furthermore, this work hypothesises that under conditions of federal institutional uncertainty, it is the ability of regional leaders to simultaneously interpret various mutable structural conditions then translate them into plausible strategies which accounts for the regions ability to extract variable amounts of economic and political pay-offs from the Russian federal system. The thesis finds that while the hypothesis is accurate in its theoretical assumptions, several key conclusions provide paths for further inquiry posed by the initial research question. First, without reliable information or stable institutions to guide their actions, both regional and federal elites were forced into ad-hoc decision-making in order to maintain their core strategic focus: political survival. Second, instead of attributing asymmetry to either actor agency or structural factors exclusively, the empirical data shows that both agency and structures interact symbiotically in the strategic formulation process, thus accounting for the sub-optimal nature of several of the actions taken in the adopted cases. Third, as actor agency and structural factors mutate over time, so, too do the perceived payoffs from elite competition. In the case of the Russian federal system, the stronger the federal centre became, the less likely it was that regional leaders could extract the high degree of economic and political pay-offs that they clamoured for earlier in the Yeltsin period. Finally, traditional approaches to the study of federal systems which focus on institutions as measures of federalism are not fully applicable in the Russian case precisely because the institutions themselves were a secondary point of contention between competing elites. Institutional equilibriums between the regions and Moscow were struck only when highly personalised elite preferences were satisfied. Therefore the Russian federal system is the product of short-term, institutional solutions suited to elite survival strategies developed under conditions of economic, political and social uncertainty.