Comunicaci��n multimaestro a trav��s de par trenzados RS-485 (HALF-DUPLEX)

En este proyecto se ha desarrollado un protocolo para establecer una comunicaci��n multimaestro entre distintos dispositivos sobre una red de cable de par trenzado rs-485 de tipo half-duplex. Se explican los modos de env��o half-duplex y full-duplex y los modelos de comunicaci��n multimaestro y maestro-esclavo para establecer diferencias y se justifica la implementaci��n de este protocolo. Se ha realizado un estudio y an��lisis del protocolo a implementar y se describen las decisiones de dise��o empleadas para resolver los distintos problemas encontrados a la hora de analizar la capacidad de la red. Luego se ofrece una implementaci��n del protocolo en lenguaje C/C++ para la plataforma Arduino y se explican los distintos casos de uso que se pueden dar por dispositivo. En este documento se describe de forma completa y punto por punto el trabajo realizado a lo largo de varios cap��tulos en forma de texto e im��genes o representaciones que dan al lector distintas v��as para entender lo que aqu�� se explica.

eVentos 3 ��� Desenvolvimento de controlador difuso para navega����o aut��noma de veleiro

Controlar a navega����o de uma embarca����o, neste caso de um veleiro, pode ser f��cil quando controlada por um humano. Mas, quando falamos em embarca����o aut��noma, existem algumas dificuldades relativas �� programa����o da rota a que a embarca����o deve seguir. Nesta disserta����o foram feitas diversas an��lises referentes ��s t��cnicas de velejar, bem como a caracteriza����o de um controlador utilizando l��gica difusa, com a colabora����o de sensores e atuadores. Para este estudo foi necess��rio equipar um veleiro com diversos sensores, atuadores e controladores. Por fim, foram realizados testes e an��lises que possibilitaram o aperfei��oamento das t��cnicas de controlo. O objetivo �� transformar um veleiro telecomandado num capaz de navegar autonomamente, por forma a ser introduzido posteriormente num de maior escala.

Controle de Acesso utilizando Arduino, banco de dados MySQL e LabVIEW

The search for more reliable security systems and information management of these systems is leading to a growing progress in new technologies investments that allow the implementation of equipment with a high level of reliability, but also have an agile and practical operation. This led people to turn increasingly looking for home automation systems, enterprise and industry for the automation and integration of their systems. The identification by radio frequency is very widespread today for ensuring both agility in handling records data, the reliability of their identification systems, which are increasingly advanced and less susceptible to fraud. Attached to this technology, the use of the database is always very important for the storage of information collected, the area where the MySQL platform is widely used. Using the open source Arduino platform for programming and manipulation of RFID module and LabVIEW software for the union of all these technologies and to develop a user-friendly interface, you can create a highly reliable access control and agility places a high turnover of people. This project aims to prove the advantages of using all these technologies working together, thus improving a flawed system effectively safety, cheaper and quicker

Alimentador autom��tico para animais utilizando Arduino

This paper presents a Project of an automatic feeder for pets using an Arduino Uno as the control center. Through studies on this driver was possible to create a device with an interface capable to receiving user input and then use it to activate the feeder in the defined hours. For mounting equipment were used steps motors, sensors, keyboard and display, which work together to instrument operation. The project goal was reached and the prototype developed indicating that the Arduino can be used for various applications that can simplify daily tasks

Introdu����o �� identifica����o de sistemas utilizando o System Identification Toolbox do MATLAB em conjunto com o Arduino para o laborat��rio de controle linear

The education designed and planned in a clear and objective manner is of paramount importance for universities to prepare competent professionals for the labor market, and above all can serve the population with an efficient work. Specifically, in relation to engineering, conducting classes in the laboratories it is very important for the application of theory and development of the practical part of the student. The planning and preparation of laboratories, as well as laboratory equipment and activities should be developed in a succinct and clear way, showing to students how to apply in practice what has been learned in theory and often shows them why and where it can be used when they become engineers. This work uses the MATLAB together with the System Identification Toolbox and Arduino for the identification of linear systems in Linear Control Lab. MATLAB is a widely used program in the engineering area for numerical computation, signal processing, graphing, system identification, among other functions. Thus the introduction to MATLAB and consequently the identification of systems using the System Identification Toolbox becomes relevant in the formation of students to thereafter when necessary to identify a system the base and the concept has been seen. For this procedure the open source platform Arduino was used as a data acquisition board being the same also introduced to the student, offering them a range of software and hardware for learning, giving you every day more luggage to their training

Alimentador autom��tico para animais utilizando Arduino

This paper presents a Project of an automatic feeder for pets using an Arduino Uno as the control center. Through studies on this driver was possible to create a device with an interface capable to receiving user input and then use it to activate the feeder in the defined hours. For mounting equipment were used steps motors, sensors, keyboard and display, which work together to instrument operation. The project goal was reached and the prototype developed indicating that the Arduino can be used for various applications that can simplify daily tasks

Introdu����o �� identifica����o de sistemas utilizando o System Identification Toolbox do MATLAB em conjunto com o Arduino para o laborat��rio de controle linear

The education designed and planned in a clear and objective manner is of paramount importance for universities to prepare competent professionals for the labor market, and above all can serve the population with an efficient work. Specifically, in relation to engineering, conducting classes in the laboratories it is very important for the application of theory and development of the practical part of the student. The planning and preparation of laboratories, as well as laboratory equipment and activities should be developed in a succinct and clear way, showing to students how to apply in practice what has been learned in theory and often shows them why and where it can be used when they become engineers. This work uses the MATLAB together with the System Identification Toolbox and Arduino for the identification of linear systems in Linear Control Lab. MATLAB is a widely used program in the engineering area for numerical computation, signal processing, graphing, system identification, among other functions. Thus the introduction to MATLAB and consequently the identification of systems using the System Identification Toolbox becomes relevant in the formation of students to thereafter when necessary to identify a system the base and the concept has been seen. For this procedure the open source platform Arduino was used as a data acquisition board being the same also introduced to the student, offering them a range of software and hardware for learning, giving you every day more luggage to their training

Correcci�� postural esportiva utilitzant un sensor Kinect

Aquest projecte s���emmarca dins de l�����mbit de la visi�� per computador, concretament en la utilitzaci�� de dades de profunditat obtingudes a trav��s d���un emissor i sensor de llum infraroja.El prop��sit principal d���aquest projecte ��s mostrar com adaptar aquestes tecnologies, a l���abast de qualsevol particular, de forma que un usuari durant la pr��ctica d���una activitat esportiva concreta, rebi informaci�� visual continua dels moviments i gestos incorrectes que est�� realitzant, en base a uns par��metres pr��viament establerts.L���objectiu d���aquest projecte consisteix en fer una lectura constant en temps real d���una persona practicant una selecci�� de diverses activitats esportives est��tiques utilitzant un sensor Kinect. A trav��s de les dades obtingudes pel sensor Kinect i utilitzant les llibreries de ���skeleton traking��� proporcionades per Microsoft s���haur�� d���interpretar les dades posturals obtingudes per cada tipus d���esport i indicar visualment i d���una manera intu��tiva els errors que est�� cometent en temps real, de manera que es vegi clarament a quina part del seu cos realitza un moviment incorrecte per tal de poder corregir-lo r��pidament. El entorn de desenvolupament que s���utilitza per desenvolupar aquesta aplicaci�� es Microsoft Viusal Studio 2010.El llenguatge amb el qual es treballar�� sobre Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 ��s C#

Projeto e concep����o de um quadcopter utilizando o controle PID

The present work refers to the design, conception and development of a quadcopter based on PID controllers, a widespread microcontroller on the market was being implemented, the Arduino. Also made use of LabVIEW programming tool from National Instruments company for the quadcopter control and telemetry. For the control, LabVIEW software acquired the joystick commands, making the necessary adjustments to the perfect interpretation by microcontroller on the quadcopter and adjusts the parameters of PID controllers. For telemetry, data relating to quadcopter behavior are received, interpreted and presented in an intuitive user interface. In the first part of this graduate work presents the theoretical background on the subject, with a brief history about the quadcopters, followed by the main projects in the academic and commercial matters. Also are presented the theories of communications used in the design and PID control. Then an overview of the dynamic and mathematical model is demonstrated. Having done this, the physical and computer components required to complete the project are showed and the results are achieved consequently. Finally, a conclusion is made taking into account the results obtained. In this work will be presented the PID control of quadcopter translational movements only to roll and pitch movements

Dise��o de un controlador l��gico programable para prop��sitos educativos

Tesis (Maestr��a en Ciencias de la Ingenier��a El��ctrica con Especialidad en Electr��nica) U.A.N.L.

Controlador MIDI basado en Arduino

El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo la creaci��n de un controlador MIDI econ��mico que haga uso de la tecnolog��a actual, y partiendo de la idea del instrumento cl��sico, el Theremin, desarrollado por Lev Sergu��ievich Termen. Para ello se ha dividido el proyecto en dos principales bloques, el primero, hardware y el segundo, software. En la parte del hardware, se explica cual ha sido la raz��n de la utilizaci��n del microprocesador Arduino Uno, sus caracter��sticas t��cnicas y el uso de sensores de ultrasonido, ya que proporcionan la caracter��stica de poder interactuar con el controlador a trav��s de gestos con las manos, al igual que un Theremin cl��sico. Se explica el montaje de los dispositivos que conforman el controlador, as�� como la mejora realizada, con la utilizaci��n de 4 de estos sensores, para dar m��s capacidades de interactuaci��n con el controlador MIDI. Tambi��n se ve en ese apartado, como se programa la tarjeta de Arduino, para que se encargue de realizar medidas con los sensores y enviarlas por el puerto serial USB. En el apartado del software se da una introducci��n al entorno de programaci��n Max/MSP. Se ve el plug in desarrollado con este lenguaje, para poder comunicar el controlador MIDI con un software de audio profesional (Ableton Live) y se explica con detalle los bloques que conforman el plug in de control de sensores y como es transformada la informaci��n que entrega el microprocesador Arduino por el puerto USB, en datos MIDI. Tambi��n, se da una explicaci��n sobre el manejo correcto del controlador a la hora de mover las manos sobre los sensores y de donde situar el instrumento para que no se produzcan problemas de interferencias con las se��ales que env��an los ultrasonidos. Adem��s, se proporciona un presupuesto del coste de los materiales, y otro del coste del desarrollo realizado por el ingeniero. ABSTRACT The aim of this Project is the creation of an economical MIDI controller that uses nowadays technology and that is based on the idea of the Theremin, a classical instrument conceived by Lev Sergu��ievich Termen. In order to accomplish this, the project has been divided into two sections: hardware and software. The hardware section explains why the microprocessor Arduino Uno has been chosen, sets out its technical specifications and the use of ultrasonic sensors. These sensors enable the user to interact with the controller through hand gestures like the Theremin. The assembly of the devices is exposed as well as the improvements made with the use of four of these sensors to offer more interactive capabilities with the MIDI controller. The Arduino singleboard programming that performs the measurements with the sensors and sends these measurements through the USB serial port is also explained here. The software section introduces Max/MSP programming environment as well as the plug in developed with this language that connects the MIDI controller with professional audio software (Ableton Live). The blocks that build the sensor controller plug in are explained in detail along with the way the Arduino delivers the information through the USB port into MIDI data. In addition, an explanation of the correct handling of the MIDI controller is given focusing on how the user should move his hands above the sensors and where to place the instrument to avoid interference problems with the signals sent. Also, a cost estimation of both materials and engineering is provided.

Sintetizador anal��gico en Arduino

Este proyecto consiste en el dise��o y construcci��n de un sintetizador basado en el chip 6581 Sound Interface Device (SID). Este chip era el encargado de la generaci��n de sonido en el Commodore 64, ordenador personal comercializado en 1982, y fue el primer sintetizador complejo construido para ordenador. El chip en cuesti��n es un sintetizador de tres voces, cada una de ellas capaz de generar cuatro diferentes formas de onda. Cada voz tiene control independiente de varios par��metros, permitiendo una relativamente amplia variedad de sonidos y efectos, muy ��til para su uso en videojuegos. Adem��s est�� dotado de un filtro programable para conseguir distintos timbres mediante s��ntesis sustractiva. El sintetizador se ha construido sobre Arduino, una plataforma de electr��nica abierta concebida para la creaci��n de prototipos, consistente en una placa de circuito impreso con un microcontrolador, programable desde un PC para que realice m��ltiples funciones (desde encender LEDs hasta controlar servomecanismos en rob��tica, procesado y transmisi��n de datos, etc.). El sintetizador es controlable v��a MIDI, por ejemplo, desde un teclado de piano. A trav��s de MIDI recibe informaci��n tal como qu�� notas debe tocar, o los valores de los par��metros del SID que modifican las propiedades del sonido. Adem��s, toda esa informaci��n tambi��n la puede recibir de un PC mediante una conexi��n USB. Se han construido dos versiones del sintetizador: una versi��n ���hardware���, que utiliza el SID para la generaci��n de sonido, y otra ���software���, que reemplaza el SID por un emulador, es decir, un programa que se comporta (en la medida de lo posible) de la misma manera que el SID. El emulador se ha implementado en un microcontrolador Atmega 168 de Atmel, el mismo que utiliza Arduino. ABSTRACT. This project consists on design and construction of a synthesizer which is based on chip 6581 Sound Interface Device (SID). This chip was used for sound generation on the Commodore 64, a home computer presented in 1982, and it was the first complex synthesizer built for computers. The chip is a three-voice synthesizer, each voice capable of generating four different waveforms. Each voice has independent control of several parameters, allowing a relatively wide variety of sounds and effects, very useful for its use on videogames. It also includes a programmable filter, allowing more timbre control via subtractive synthesis. The synthesizer has been built on Arduino, an open-source electronics prototyping platform that consists on a printed circuit board with a microcontroller, which is programmable with a computer to do several functions (lighting LEDs, controlling servomechanisms on robotics, data processing or transmission, etc.). The synthesizer is controlled via MIDI, in example, from a piano-type keyboard. It receives from MIDI information such as the notes that should be played or SID���s parameter values that modify the sound. It also can receive that information from a PC via USB connection. Two versions of the synthesizer have been built: a hardware one that uses the SID chip for sound generation, and a software one that replaces SID by an emulator, it is, a program that behaves (as far as possible) in the same way the SID would. The emulator is implemented on an Atmel���s Atmega 168 microcontroller, the same one that is used on Arduino.

Endividamento em firmas com alta propens��o �� expropria����o: o caso de firmas com um controlador

O mercado brasileiro caracteriza-se por estruturas de propriedade concentradas, em um ambiente legal prop��cio �� expropria����o de minorit��rios, o que pode influenciar os incentivos aos decisores e, potencialmente, afetar a decis��o sobre a utiliza����o de d��vida como forma de financiamento das empresas. Este trabalho buscou estudar o n��vel de endividamento em empresas controladas por um ��nico acionista, aqui classificadas como empresas com alta propens��o �� expropria����o de minorit��rios, em uma amostra de 322 empresas negociadas na Bovespa entre 1996 e 2002. Os resultados apontaram um menor n��vel de endividamento dessas empresas, de forma consistente com a hip��tese de maior poder de monitora����o dos credores. Por outro lado, o seu n��vel de endividamento aumenta quando decresce o direito dos majorit��rios aos fluxos de caixa gerados, o que sinaliza para a utiliza����o da d��vida como mecanismo de governan��a.

A biosignal embedded system for physiological computing

Thesis submitted in the fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master in Electronic and Telecomunications Engineering

Controlador dedicado de Ecr��s LCD/TFT

Para dar resposta aos grandes avan��os tecnol��gicos e, consequentemente, �� postura mais exigente dos clientes, a empresa Francisco Parracho ��� Electr��nica Industrial, Lda., que tem actividade no ramo dos elevadores, decidiu introduzir no mercado um controlador dedicado de ecr��s Liquid Crystal Display / Thin Film Transistor (LCD / TFT). O objectivo �� substituir um sistema suportado por um computador, caracterizado pelas suas elevadas dimens��es e custos, mas incontorn��vel at�� �� data, nomeadamente para resolu����es de ecr�� elevadas. E assim nasceu este trabalho. Com uma selec����o criteriosa de todos os componentes e, principalmente, sem funcionalidades in��teis, obteve-se um sistema embebido com dimens��es e custos bem mais reduzidos face ao seu opositor. O ecr�� apontado para este projecto �� um Thin Film Transistor ��� Liquid Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) da Sharp de 10.4��� de qualidade industrial, com uma resolu����o de 800 x 600 p��xeis a 18 bits por p��xel. Para tal, foi escolhido um micro-controlador da ATMEL, um AVR de 32 bits que, entre outras caracter��sticas, possui um controlador LCD que suporta resolu����es at�� 2048 x 2048 p��xeis, de 1 a 24 bits por p��xel. Atendendo ao facto deste produto ser inserido na ��rea dos elevadores, as funcionalidades, quer a n��vel do hardware quer a n��vel do software, foram projectadas para este ��mbito. Contudo, o conceito aqui exposto �� adjacente a quaisquer outras ��reas onde este produto se possa aplicar, at�� porque o software est�� feito para se tornar bem flex��vel. Com a ajuda de um kit de desenvolvimento, foram validados os drivers dos controladores e perif��ricos base deste projecto. De seguida, aplicou-se esse software numa placa de circuito impresso, elaborada no ��mbito deste trabalho, para que fossem cumpridos todos os requisitos requeridos pela empresa patrocinadora: - Apresenta����o de imagens no ecr�� consoante o piso; - Possibilidade de ter um texto horizontalmente deslizante;Indica����o animada do sentido do elevador; - Representa����o do piso com deslizamento vertical; - Descri����o sum��ria do direct��rio de pisos tamb��m com deslizamento vertical; - Rel��gio digital; - Leitura dos conte��dos pretendidos atrav��s de um cart��o SD/MMC; - Possibilidade de actualiza����o dos conte��dos via USB flash drive.