Frohe Aussichten f��r die Religion in die Zukunst : eine Rede : ben der Einfuhrung Herrn August Christian Bartels : als Abts zu Riddagshausen am 8ten Jenner 1790 in der Klosterkirche daselbst gehalten von dem Abte zu Michaelstein /

Mode of access: Internet.

Verdeutschte Grund-S��tze der Welt-Weisheit des Herrn Abts Genest, nebst verschiedenen eigenen, theils physicalischen, theils moralischen Gedichten, als des irdischen Vergn��gens in Gott.

Mode of access: Internet.

Annales monasterii S. Clementis in Iburg, collectore Mauro abbate = Die Iburger Klosterannalen des Abts Maurus Rost /

Pages [2]-173 numbered in duplicate.

Antioxidant Activity Of Hydrophilic And Lipophilic Extracts Of Brazilian Blueberries.

Hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts of ten cultivars of Highbush and Rabbiteye Brazilian blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L. and Vacciniumashei Reade, respectively) that are used for commercial production were analysed for antioxidant activity by the FRAP, ORAC, ABTS and ��-carotene-linoleate methods. Results were correlated to the amounts of carotenoids, total phenolics and anthocyanins. Brazilian blueberries had relatively high concentration of total phenolics (1,622-3,457 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g DW) and total anthocyanins (140-318 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents per 100 g DW), as well as being a good source of carotenoids. There was a higher positive correlation between the amounts of these compounds and the antioxidant activity of hydrophilic compared to lipophilic extracts. There were also significant differences in the level of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities between different cultivars, production location and year of cultivation.

Antioxidant And Anti-diabetic Potential Of Passiflora Alata Curtis Aqueous Leaves Extract In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (nod-mice).

Leaves of Passiflora alata Curtis were characterized for their antioxidant capacity. Antioxidant analyses of DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, ORAC and phenolic compounds were made in three different extracts: aqueous, methanol/acetone and ethanol. Aqueous extract was found to be the best solvent for recovery of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, when compared with methanol/acetone and ethanol. To study the anti-inflammatory properties of this extract in experimental type 1 diabetes, NOD mice were divided into two groups: the P. alata group, treated with aqueous extract of P. alata Curtis, and a non-treated control group, followed by diabetes expression analysis. The consumption of aqueous extract and water ad libitum lasted 28 weeks. The treated-group presented a decrease in diabetes incidence, a low quantity of infiltrative cells in pancreatic islets and increased glutathione in the kidney and liver (p<0.05), when compared with the diabetic and non-diabetic control-groups. In conclusion, our results suggest that the consumption of aqueous extract of P. alata may be considered a good source of natural antioxidants and compounds found in its composition can act as anti-inflammatory agents, helping in the control of diabetes.

Caracteriza����o f��sico-qu��mica de polpas de frutos da Amaz��nia e sua correla����o com a atividade anti-radical livre

Caracter��sticas f��sico-qu��micas (cor, pH, acidez total titul��vel, s��lidos sol��veis totais, conte��do de lip��dios e umidade) e n��veis de compostos bioativos (��cido asc��rbico, fen��licos totais) foram determinados em quinze amostras de polpas de frutos procedentes da regi��o Amaz��nica (abiu, acerola, a��a��, ara����-boi, bacaba, bacuri, buriti, caj��, cajarana, caju, cupua��u, graviola, murici, noni e tamarindo). A atividade de radicais livres foi avaliada pelo m��todo de ABTS. Algumas polpas apresentaram alta potencialidade antioxidante, associada com a atividade antirradicais livres obtida e os conte��dos dos componentes bioativos como compostos fen��licos e ��cido asc��rbico, destacando-se acerola e aca��. O conte��do total de compostos fen��licos foi correlacionado �� capacidade antioxidante das polpas.

Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacities of 18 non-traditional tropical fruits from Brazil

The bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacities of polyphenolic extracts of 18 fresh and dry native non-traditional fruits from Brazil were determined using ABTS, DDPH, FRAP and beta-carotene bleaching methods. The study provides an adaptation of these methods, along with an evaluation of the compounds related to antioxidant potential. The results show promising perspectives for the exploitation of non-traditional tropical fruit species with considerable levels of nutrients and antioxidant capacity. Although evaluation methods and results reported have not yet been sufficiently standardised, making comparisons difficult, our data add valuable information to current knowledge of the nutritional properties of tropical fruits, such as the considerable antioxidant capacity found for acerola - Malpighia emarginata and camu-camu - Myrciaria dubia (ABTS, DPPH and FRAP) and for puca-preto - Mouriri pusa (all methods). (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activity in pomace from selected red grapes (Vitis vinifera L. and Vitis labrusca L.) widely produced in Brazil

The phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activity of pomace from the vinification of grape varieties widely produced in Brazil (Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Bordeaux and Isabel) were investigated with a view to their exploitation as a potential source of natural antioxidants. Cabernet Sauvignon grape pomace was found to have the highest content of total phenolic compounds (74.75 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g), the highest antioxidant activity (determined using the 2,2`-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging methods; 485.42 and 505.52 mu Mol Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)/g, respectively), and the highest reducing power (determined using the FRAP method; 249.46 mu Mol TEAC/g). The Bordeaux variety showed the highest oxidation inhibition power (41.13%), determined using the beta-carotene/linoleic acid method and the highest content of total anthocyanins (HPLC; 29.17 mg/g). Catechin was the most abundant non-anthocyanic compound identified in the grape pomace (150.16 mg/100 g) for all varieties. In this study, pomaces of the red wine vinification of Cabernet Sauvignon and Bordeaux varieties showed the highest potential as a source of antioxidant compounds and natural colourants, respectively. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Estudo Qu��mico-Biol��gico de Pyrostegia venusta (Ker Gawl.) Miers (Bignoniaceae)

Este trabalho descreve a investiga����o qu��mica e biol��gica do extrato bruto e das parti����es hexano e acetato de etila, das folhas de Pyrostegia venusta (Ker Gawl.) Miers, popularmente conhecida como ���cip�� de S��o Jo��o���. P. venusta �� classificada botanicamente como uma liana de porte mediano, tendo como caracter��stica uma exuberante flora����o vermelha, e por isso, sendo utilizada como planta ornamental. Essa planta possui uma larga utiliza����o na medicina popular, sendo utilizada no tratamento de vitiligo, diarreia, bronquite, resfriado, icter��cia e infec����es. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar as classes de metab��litos secund��rios presentes, avaliar o potencial antioxidante das amostras de P. vesnuta (extrato bruto, fra����es acetato de etila e hexano), quantificar o teor de flavonoides no extrato bruto, verificar a seguran��a do uso dessa planta, em termos de viabilidade celular (VC) frente �� macr��fagos murinos (RAW 264.7) (ensaio de imunotoxicidade). Adicionalmente os resultados de viabilidade celular foram comparados com quatro compostos anti-inflamat��rios comerciais (��cido acetilsalic��lico, indometacina, betametasona e piroxicam), e testar o extrato bruto quanto �� inibi����o de catepsinas K e V. Os testes de identifica����o fitoqu��mica confirmaram a presen��a de flavonoides, cumarinas e esteroides nas amostras. A metodologia cromatogr��fica associada �� an��lises por espectrometria de massas, levou a identifica����o dos compostos: fitol (1), sitosterol (2), estigmasterol (3) e campesterol (4). O extrato bruto demonstrou ter atividade inibit��ria frente as duas catepsinas testadas (K e V). A fra����o acetato de etila foi a que apresentou maior atividade antioxidante nas metodologias de inibi����o do radical DPPH (IC50 38,62 ��g/mL) e radical ABTS (IC50 27,58 ��g/mL). O teor de flavonoides total para o extrato bruto foi de 148,5��7,65 ��g/mg (14,85 % (m/m)), o que justifica a observada atividade antioxidante, j�� que estes possuem atividade antioxidante. As amostras de P. venusta obtiveram valores de VC maiores do que os anti-inflamat��rios comerciais, estes apresentaram VC abaixo do controle negativo, assim como o extrato bruto e a fra����o acetato de etila, a fra����o hexano obteve valores acima do controle negativo, sendo estes os maiores resultados de VC entre as amostras de P. venusta.

Elabora����o e an��lise de extrato hidrossol��vel de gergelim (Sesamum indicum)

O objetivo do presente estudo foi elaborar e caracterizar um extrato hidrossol��vel �� base de gergelim para ser usado como poss��vel substituto do leite de vaca e extrato de soja. Foi proposto um modelo de cin��tica de absor����o de ��gua durante a etapa de macera����o no qual estimou o tempo ideal de batimento do gergelim macerado e se essa etapa influencia no rendimento do produto. Posteriormente com o objetivo de saber a influ��ncia do tempo de batimento (0,45 min a 14,55 min) e a concentra����o do extrato (1,925% a 23,07%) foram avaliadas atrav��s de um delineamento composto central rotacional (DCCR), ou seja, um delineamento 22 incluindo 4 ensaios nas condi����es axiais e 5 repeti����es no ponto central, totalizando 13 experimentos. Para todos os ensaios do delineamento realizou-se an��lises de viscosidade, cor, s��lidos sol��veis totais e rendimento. As mesmas an��lises foram realizadas em amostras comerciais de leite de vaca e extrato hidrossol��vel de soja com o intuito de compara����o. Ap��s a realiza����o dessa etapa foi poss��vel �� sele����o de algumas amostras para elabora����o do extrato hidrossol��vel de gergelim e ent��o realizou-se an��lises f��sico-qu��micas (prote��na, cinzas, lip��dios, carboidratos) e determinou-se a capacidade antioxidante por ABTS e teor de compostos fen��licos de tais amostras. Quanto �� an��lise de rendimento n��o houve diferen��a significativa da quantidade de extrato obtido em diferentes temperaturas de macera����o pelo teste de Tukey (p> 0,05). O DCCR foi realizado no programa Statistica e selecionaram-se os ensaios 1, 2, 6, 7, PC (ponto central) que foram as amostras que mais se assemelharam com as amostras comerciais estudadas. Nessas amostras realizou-se as an��lises f��sico-qu��micas al��m de capacidade antioxidante e compostos fen��licos. O conte��do de s��lidos totais na amostra 6 foi superior as demais amostras, diferindo estatisticamente das demais amostras (p> 0,05). J�� para o teor de lip��dios, cinzas e prote��nas encontrados nas amostras 6 e PC foram maiores que as demais amostras, enquanto a amostra 7 exibiu o menor teor de lip��dios e prote��nas, considerando que o teor de cinzas das amostras 1, 2 e 7 foram estatisticamente iguais. O teor de carboidratos calculado por diferen��a foi superior nas amostras 1, 2 e 7 e com o menor valor na amostra 6. Os valores de capacidade antioxidante e compostos fen��licos n��o se diferenciaram estatisticamente entre si ao n��vel de 5% de probabilidade. Concluiu-se portanto que a etapa de macera����o n��o influenciou no rendimento do produto final. A partir das an��lises f��sico-qu��micas pode-se concluir que o extrato hidrossol��vel de gergelim em determinadas amostras apresentou um melhor desempenho quanto ao valor nutricional comparado ao extrato de soja.

Effects of physical exercise training in DNA damage and repair - could the difference be in hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism?

Acute physical exercise is associated with increased oxygen consumption, which could result in an increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can react with several organic structures, namely DNA, causing strand breaks and a variety of modified bases in DNA. Physical exercise training seems to decrease the incidence of oxidative stress-associated diseases, and is considered as a key component of a healthy lifestyle. This is a result of exercise-induced adaptation, which has been associated with the possible increase in antioxidant activity and in oxidative damage repair enzymes, leading to an improved physiological function and enhanced resistance to oxidative stress (Radak et al. 2008). Human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) is involved in the base excision repair (BER) pathway and encodes an enzyme responsible for removing the most common product of oxidative damage in DNA, 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OH-G). The genetic polymorphism of hOGG1 at codon 326 results in a serine (Ser) to cysteine (Cys) amino acid substitution (Ser326Cys). It has been suggested that the carriers of at least one hOGG1Cys variant allele exhibit lower 8-OH-G excision activity than the wild-type (Wilson et al. 2011). The aim of this study was to investigate the possible influence of hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism on DNA damage and repair activity in response to 16 weeks of combined physical exercise training, in thirty healthy Caucasian men. Comet assay was carried out using peripheral blood lymphocytes and enabled the evaluation of DNA damage, both strand breaks and FPG-sensitive sites, and DNA repair activity. Genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP analysis. The subjects with Ser/Ser genotype were considered as wild-type group (n=20), Ser/Cys and Cys/Cys genotype were analyzed together as mutant group (n=10). Regarding differences between pre and post-training in the wild-type group, the results showed a significant decrease in DNA strand breaks (DNA SBs) (p=0.002) and also in FPG-sensitive sites (p=0.017). No significant differences were observed in weight (p=0.389) and in lipid peroxidation (MDA) (p=0.102). A significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (evaluated by ABTS) was observed (p=0.010). Regarding mutant group, the results showed a significant decrease in DNA SBs (p=0.008) and in weight (p=0.028). No significant differences were observed in FPG-sensitive sites (p=0.916), in ABTS (p=0.074) and in MDA (p=0.086). No significant changes in DNA repair activity were observed in both genotype groups. This preliminary study suggests the possibility of different responses in DNA damage to physical exercise training, considering the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism.

Glutathione levels in and total antioxidant capacity of Candida sp. cells exposed to oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide

INTRODUCTION: The capacity to overcome the oxidative stress imposed by phagocytes seems to be critical for Candida species to cause invasive candidiasis. METHODS: To better characterize the oxidative stress response (OSR) of 8 clinically relevant Candida sp., glutathione, a vital component of the intracellular redox balance, was measured using the 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB)-glutathione disulfide (GSSG) reductase reconversion method; the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was measured using a modified method based on the decolorization of the 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid radical cation (ABTS*+). Both methods were used with cellular Candida sp. extracts treated or not with hydrogen peroxide (0.5 mM). RESULTS: Oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide clearly reduced intracellular glutathione levels. This depletion was stronger in Candida albicans and the levels of glutathione in untreated cells were also higher in this species. The TAC demonstrated intra-specific variation. CONCLUSIONS: Glutathione levels did not correlate with the measured TAC values, despite this being the most important non-enzymatic intracellular antioxidant molecule. The results indicate that the isolated measurement of TAC does not give a clear picture of the ability of a given Candida sp. to respond to oxidative stress.

Enzymatic treatments to improve mechanical properties and surface hydrophobicity of jute fiber membranes

Fiber membranes prepared from jute fragments can be valuable, low cost, and renewable. They have broad application prospects in packing bags, geotextiles, filters, and composite reinforcements. Traditionally, chemical adhesives have been used to improve the properties of jute fiber membranes. A series of new laccase, laccase/mediator systems, and multi-enzyme synergisms were attempted. After the laccase treatment of jute fragments, the mechanical properties and surface hydrophobicity of the produced fiber membranes increased because of the cross-coupling of lignins with ether bonds mediated by laccase. The optimum conditions were a buffer pH of 4.5 and an incubation temperature of 60 ��C with 0.92 U/mL laccase for 3 h. Laccase/guaiacol and laccase/alkali lignin treatments resulted in remarkable increases in the mechanical properties; in contrast, the laccase/2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylthiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) and laccase/2,6-dimethoxyphenol treatments led to a decrease. The laccase/ guaiacol system was favorable to the surface hydrophobicity of jute fiber membranes. However, the laccase/alkali lignin system had the opposite effect. Xylanase/laccase and cellulase/laccase combined treatments were able to enhance both the mechanical properties and the surface hydrophobicity of jute fiber membranes. Among these, cellulase/laccase treatment performed better; compared to mechanical properties, the surface hydrophobicity of the jute fiber membranes showed only a slight increase after the enzymatic multi-step processes.

Laccase immobilization on bacterial nanocellulose membranes: antimicrobial, kinetic and stability properties

This work studied the physical immobilization of a commercial laccase on bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) aiming to identify the laccase antibacterial properties suitable for wound dressings. Physico-chemical analysis demonstrates that the BNC structure is manly formed by pure crystalline I cellulose. The pH optimum and activation energy of free laccase depends on the substrate employed corresponding to pH 6, 7, 3 and 57, 22, 48 kJ mol1 for 2,6-dimethylphenol (DMP), catechol and 2,2 -azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), respectively. The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) value for the immobilized laccase (0.77 mM) was found to be almost double of that of the free enzyme (0.42 mM). However, the specific activities of immobilized and free laccase are similar suggesting that the cage-like structure of BNC allows entrapped laccase to maintain some flexibility and favour substrate accessibility. The results clearly show the antimicrobial effect of laccase in Gram-positive (92%) and Gram-negative (26%) bacteria and cytotoxicity acceptable for wound dressing applications.

Compostos fen��licos e atividade antioxidante da casca de uvas Ni��gara e Isabel

A produ����o de uvas no Brasil est�� localizada nas regi��es Sul, Sudeste e Nordeste. Constitui-se em atividade consolidada, com import��ncia socioecon��mica, principalmente nos Estados do Rio Grande do Sul e de Santa Catarina, os quais respondem por 97% da produ����o nacional de vinhos. A uva Isabel �� uma das principais cultivares de Vitis labrusca, e a Ni��gara Rosada, resultado da muta����o som��tica ocorrida na uva Ni��gara Branca (Vitis labrusca L. x Vitis vinifera L.). S��o destaques como uvas de mesa comuns, sendo variedades r��sticas e, portanto, menos exigentes. O desenvolvimento do trabalho foi feito com o objetivo de determinar conte��do total de compostos fen��licos, utilizando acetona como solvente em diferentes concentra����es, a determina����o da atividade antioxidante, do teor de antocianinas totais, flavan��is nos extratos da casca das uvas de mesa Ni��gara Rosada e Isabel. Os resultados m��dios do teor de fen��licos totais no extrato acetona 75% foi de 1.026,69 a 1.242,78 mg GAE/100g de peso seco nas cultivares Isabel e Ni��gara , respectivamente. A atividade antioxidante avaliada apresentou valores de 89,22 e 157,31 ��mol TEAC/g de amostra com o m��todo ABTS e de 197,00 e 189,82 ��mol TEAC/g de amostra no m��todo DPPH para as cultivares Isabel e Ni��gara. A quantidade de antocianinas foi baixa comparada com outros frutos. Os valores de polifen��is refletem-se nos valores de TEAC, e observa-se uma correla����o positiva entre a m��dia do conte��do de polifen��is totais com a m��dia dos valores TEAC, o que se pode atribuir aos compostos fitoqu��micos presentes nas cascas.