Um estudo sobre a preparação metalográfica da liga de aluminio AA7075-T6

The increasing technological innovation and demand for materials with better properties boosts research into new materials and new alloys. To do so, aluminum alloys are being developed, among them the AA7075-T6, having many applications in aerospace and military industries, machinery and equipment, molds for plastic injection and structures. To study and understand the properties, characteristics and especially the microstructure of the material, the metallographic preparation is essential. This paper presents new methodologies to achieve the metallography of samples of scrap alloy AA7075-T6, with emphasis on methods of polishing. For the five samples, the best results were those with specific grinding, the samples only going down on the sander. For polishing, the most effective method so far has been using the polishing cloth 16.3, of ATM enterprise, solution of diamond 3 μm, solution of diamond 1 μm, and colloidal solution of OP-S. For the etching, the reactive agent used was phosphoric acid (H3PO4) 85% P.A., as 90% in the proportion of distilled water to 10% acid. The best results were obtained in the attacks of 300 and 240 seconds, revealing the grain boundaries in most areas. Methodologies need more studies and more tests, but the results have proved to be satisfactory

Aplicação de ensaios não destrutivos por correntes induzidas à caracterização de propriedades eléctricas de materiais processados no estado sólido

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção de Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Anticorrosive cerium-based coatings prepared by the sol-gel method

The development of efficient anti-corrosion and environmentally friendly coating systems are needed for the replacement of the highly toxic Cr-based conversion coatings for corrosion protection of aluminum alloys. In this study, we demonstrate that the direct application of ceramic cerium-based sol-gel coatings to AA7075-T6 substrates produces high-performance anti-corrosion layers. Electrochemical experiments and analyses of the microstructure demonstrate that the protective layers are very efficient for the passivation of the alloy surfaces operating as both passive and active barrier for corrosion protection.

Comparative surface accessibility of a pore-lining threonine residue (T6') in the glycine and GABA(A) receptors

The substituted cysteine accessibility method was used to probe the surface exposure of a pore-lining threonine residue (T6') common to both the glycine receptor (GlyR) and gamma-aminobutyric acid, type A receptor (GABAAR) chloride channels. This residue lies close to the channel activation gate, the ionic selectivity filter, and the main pore blocker binding site. Despite their high amino acid sequence homologies and common role in conducting chloride ions, recent studies have suggested that the GlyRs and GABA(A)Rs have divergent open state pore structures at the 6' position. When both the human alpha1(T6'C) homomeric GlyR and the rat alpha1(T6'C)beta1(T6'C) heteromeric GABA(A)R were expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, their 6' residue surface accessibilities differed significantly in the closed state. However, when a soluble cysteine-modifying compound was applied in the presence of saturating agonist concentrations, both receptors were locked into the open state. This action was not induced by oxidizing agents in either receptor. These results provide evidence for a conserved pore opening mechanism in anion-selective members of the ligand-gated ion channel family. The results also indicate that the GABA(A)R pore structure at the 6' level may vary between different expression systems.

Comparative surface accessibility of a pore-lining threonine residue (T6') in the glycine and GABA(A) receptors

The substituted cysteine accessibility method was used to probe the surface exposure of a pore-lining threonine residue (T6’) common to both the glycine receptor (GlyR) and GABAA receptor (GABAAR) chloride channels. This residue lies close to the channel activation gate, the ionic selectivity filter and the main pore blocker binding site. Recent studies have suggested that the GlyRs and GABAARs have divergent open state pore structures at the 6’ position. When both the human a1T6’C homomeric GlyR and the rat a1T6’Cb1T6’C heteromeric GABAAR were expressed in HEK293 cells, their 6’ residue surface accessibilities differed significantly in the closed state. However, when a soluble cysteine-modifying compound was applied in the presence of saturating agonist concentrations, both receptors were locked into the open state. This action was not induced by oxidising agents in either receptor. These results provide evidence for a conserved pore opening mechanism in anion-selective members of the ligand-gated ion channel family. The results also indicate that the GABAAR pore structure at the 6’ level may vary between different expression systems.

Soldadura por fricção linear assistida por corrente eléctrica das ligas AA 6082-T6 a Ti6Al4V

A ligação dissimilar de ligas de alumínio a ligas de titânio tem elevado potencial para aplicações nas indústrias aeroespacial, automóvel e naval, devido à sua baixa razão peso/resistência mecânica. Contudo, soldar ligas de alumínio a ligas de titânio apresenta-se como um grande desafio, principalmente devido à formação de fases intermetálicas frágeis que têm um efeito negativo nas propriedades mecânicas da junta. Neste estudo, foram realizadas ligações dissimilares das ligas AA6082-T6 a Ti6Al4V, por Fricção Linear assistida por Corrente Eléctrica. Para a utilização de corrente eléctrica na Soldadura por Fricção Linear foram desenvolvidas, produzidas e testadas duas novas ferramentas. A estrutura da ligação foi analisada, por microscopia óptica e electrónica de varrimento. Controlando os parâmetros de soldadura foi possível obter soldaduras topo a topo e sobrepostas com um bom aspecto superficial e com continuidade metálica na interface. Nas ligações topo-a-topo observaram-se defeitos na raiz do cordão. As estruturas na zona soldada dependem fortemente da posição do pino em relação à interface. O uso da corrente eléctrica permitiu reduzir os defeitos na raiz, como vazios e falta de ligação na mesma, sem afectar as características metalúrgicas da interface. A utilização da corrente eléctrica permite aumentar a viscoplasticidade do material e facilitar a deformação plástica à volta do pino.

Respuesta del tratamiento térmico T6 de una aleación 319 con variaciones en el contenido de cobre y magnesio.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias de la Ingeniería Mecánica con Especialidad en Materiales) UANL, 2011.

Obtenção e caracterização de estruturas reofundidas e tixofundidas da liga de alumínio AA7075

A obtenção de ligas metálicas em forma de pasta, com propriedades tixotrópicas apropriadas para serem utilizadas em processos de tixoconformação, pode ser realizada através de vários processos metalúrgicos. Destacam-se os processos de reofundidos obtidos a partir do líquido com a agitação mecânica do banho, ao longo da solidificação. Esses processos utilizam-se de rotores e propulsores, agitação mecânica usando o processo de duplo-parafuso e a agitação magneto hidrodinâmica. Outros procedimentos para a obtenção de pastas reofundidas a partir do líquido são o processo SCR (Shearing Cooling Roll), refino químico, ultra-som, processo spray, a nova reofundição NCR (New Rheocasting) e a reofundição elementar. As estruturas tixofundidas são obtidas a partir do metal sólido no qual, utiliza-se a refusão parcial de estruturas dendríticas, a fusão parcial de estruturas dendríticas deformadas (SIMA) e a fusão parcial sob pressão de estruturas dendríticas. No Trabalho em questão foram estudados os dois métodos para a obtenção de estruturas com propriedades tixotrópicas (Reofundição e Tixofundição). O primeiro processo explorado foi a agitação mecânica da liga AA7075 em seu estado semi-sólido, através de uma haste propulsora com pás recobertas por carbeto de cromo e contida em um cadinho especial de grafite. O segundo, foi a aplicação de tratamento isotérmico usando diversos patamares de tempos de aplicação e temperaturas. Este processo foi realizado por aquecimento indutivo na mesma liga AA7075, deformada anteriormente por extrusão direta. As microestruturas foram caracterizadas através dos diâmetros e formas dos glóbulos, utilizando o fator de forma específico em um programa de análise de imagens.

Estudo sobre os efeitos de tensões residuais na vida em fadiga da liga de alumínio 6013-T6, em perfil tubular, submetidas a shot peening

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Soldagem TIG-AC onda retangular: efeitos da velocidade de soldagem sobre as propriedades mecânicas da Liga AA 6063-T6

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo da influência da aplicação do fluido de corte no torneamento da liga de alumínio AA7075

One of the ways to minimize the effects of unproductive time caused by tool wear can be achieved by introducing an efficient system of lubrication and cooling in the process. However, in the last decade the research had the goal to restrict the maximum use of refrigerants and / or lubricants in metal-mechanical production. The important factors that justify this procedure include the operational costs of production, ecological issues, and the legal requirements of environmental conservation and preservation of human health. The purpose of the proposed work is the study of machining by turning with the focus on the influence caused by the application of cutting fluid in several ways of application (abundant and MQF) and also by comparing the results obtained by machining without the presence of fluid . For this purpose, the turning tests are conducted using an aluminum alloy (AA 7075). The response variables to be analyzed were obtained from the roughness (Ra and Ry), the stresses presented (VB) and their progression in relation to the cutting length achieved, the type of chip formed, in addition to changes in the degree of finish (roughness) presented by the turned parts. The results of this study should provide more detailed information about the actual influence of cutting fluids in turning this alloy, which are characterized by high rates of deformation when the formation of damaging your chip machining and also the quality of surface generated. Therefore, it is expected to provide subsidies to promote the optimization of machining this alloy making the most of the role of cutting fluid

Influência do desbalanceamento da onda retangular na liga de alumínio 6063-T6 soldada pelo processo TIG-CA

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC