Assessing the atmospheric oscillations effects on the biology of the bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) and its possible linkage with global warming

Disserta��ão de mestrado, Biologia Marinha, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve; Instituto Espa��ol de Oceanografia; 2015

Biochemical differentiation between Ophidion Barbatum and o. Rochei (Pisces, Ophidiidae)

El gènere Ophidion esta representat al Mediterrani per dues espècies, 0. barbatum L. i O. rochei Müller. Són dues espècies molt similars en aspecte i difícils d'identificar només a partir dels seus caràcters morfològics externs. El treball descriu en primer lloc, i a partir de dades obtingudes per tècniques electroforètiques, alguns marcadors bioquímics que permeten diferenciar les dues espècies. En segon lloc, i a partir del càlcul de la 'Distància Genètica de Nei', es fa una estimació del temps de divergència entre O. barbatum i 0. rochei

Identification of small juvenile scombrids from northwest tropical Australia using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b sequences

Small juveniles of the nine species of scombrids in Australian waters are morphologically similar to one another and, consequently, difficult to identify to species level. We show that the sequence of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene region is a powerful tool for identification of these young fish. Using this method, we identified 50 juvenile scombrids collected from Exmouth Bay, Western Australia. Six species of scombrids were apparent in this sample of fish: narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson), Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta), frigate tuna (Auxis thazard), bullet tuna (Auxis rochei), leaping bonito (Cybiosarda elegans), and kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis). The presence of Indian mackerel, frigate tuna, leaping bonito, and kawakawa is the first indication that coastal waters may be an important spawning habitat for these species, although offshore spawning may also occur. The occurrence of small juvenile S. commerson was predicted from the known spawning patterns of that species, but other mackerel species (Scomberomorus munroi, Scomberomorus queenslandicus, Scomberomorus semifasiciatus) likely to be spawning during the sampling period were not detected among the 50 small juveniles analyzed here.

中国辽宁海洋放线菌资源、生物学特性及一株新种的鉴定命名

本论文在国内外首次报导了中国辽宁海洋放线菌资源考察研究结果。结果表明中国辽宁海洋放线菌资源丰富；在分离出的海洋放线菌中以链霉菌属居绝对优势，占所分离菌株总数的90%以上，此外尚有少量的海洋小单孢菌和海洋诺卡氏菌；所获提的海洋链霉菌可分为7个类群，已鉴定出11个种和1个新种。选择生长较快的链霉菌属13株菌株，对其形态特征、培养特征、生理生化特征、抗菌谱、细胞化学组分、DNA���的G+C mol%等内容进行系统研究。结果，全部13株菌株均能忍耐6%NaCl和pH13的碱性，5株菌株能耐受10%NaCl；G+C mol%均在69.5%-72.5%之间；均为细胞壁I型；但在形态特征、培养特征、生理生长特性、抗菌谱等方面各菌株之间又有差异。根据链霉菌鉴定手册，将13株菌株中的12株逐一定名：（1）将菌株H72-9定名为威德摩尔链德菌（S. wedmorensis, H72-9），（2）将菌株H73定名为细黄链霉菌（S. microflavus, H73）（3）将菌株H74-2定名为天蓝色链霉菌生天蓝亚种（S. coelicolor，subsp. coelicoferus, H74-2），（4）将菌株Hai-75定名为娄彻氏链霉菌（S. rochei, Hai-75），（5）将菌株H75-2定名为鲜黄链霉菌（S. galbus, H75-2），（6）将菌株H76定名为束丛链霉菌（S. fasciculus, H76），（7）将菌株H77定名为灰红链霉菌（S. griseoruber, H77），（8）将菌株H78-1定名为栗褐链霉菌（S. badius, H78-1），（9）将菌株J5定名为吡啶霉素链霉菌（S. pyridomyceticus, J5），（10）将菌株J7定名为锈亦链霉菌（S. rubiginosus, J7），（11）将菌株J10和J11定名为栗色浑圆链霉菌（S. castaneoglobosus）。将13株中的另一株海洋放线菌Hai-74确定为放线菌新种，它除了在形态特征、培养特征、生理生化特性等与已知近似种有明显的不同外，最主要的是在其独特的“索状”孢子丝结构，为国内外首次发现，故将此新种命名为索孢天蓝链霉菌（Strepomyces multisticho-cateniformis n. sp. Xie and Ding）。在研究中国辽宁海洋放线菌的抗菌性能中，我们还首次发现并报道了海洋细黄链霉菌H73的抗菌物质，它能显著减轻大豆连作障碍（重茬大豆根际土壤紫青霉菌及其毒素对大豆的危害），因此在今后它很有可能被用来研制一种能够减轻大豆连作障碍的新型农用抗生系。为此，我们对海洋细黄链霉菌H73的基因组DNA���库进行了构建，这将为今后研究有关抗菌基因方面的工作奠定基础。

Abundance and biomass of near-surface ichthioplankton in the Western Pacific

During Cruise 50 of R/V Vityaz ichthyoplankton in surface waters was collected by a neuston otter trawl for many days in four study areas of the Western Tropical Pacific. Obtained results describe quantitative distribution of ichthyoplankton and small fishes in surface waters. The near-surface layer of the ocean (about 30-40 cm thick) can be considered as a special biotope, its population forms an independent biocoenosis - hyponeuston. Species composition of this community (particularly, composition of fish components) in the tropical zone has been studied to some degree, but structure of the biocoenosis as well as biomass and quantitative relationships of species have not been investigated at all. In this paper the authors discuss the method of collecting surface samples that is quite suitable for quantitative calculations and also present the first results obtained using this method, which described quantitative distribution of ichthyoplankton and small fishes in surface waters.

Megapleuron zangerli : a new dipnoan from the Pennsylvanian, Illinois / Hans-Peter Schultze --.

v.33:no.21(1977)