Chemistry 2 for OCR.

Este volumen proporciona una cobertura completa para la enseñanza de la nueva especificación del Nivel Avanzado (AS) de Ciencia del año dos mil ocho y ha sido respaldado por el OCR. Los objetivos están claramente definidos, para que los estudiantes sepan exactamente qué es lo que necesitan aprender. Las preguntas de auto-evaluación y el modelo de examen al final de cada capítulo ofrecen oportunidades para el estudio independiente. Viene con un CD-ROM que proporciona información adicional y enlaces a sitios web libres, llenos de actividades de aprendizaje electrónico para el avance de los alumnos que lo necesiten y fomentar así la ampliación del conocimiento. Química 2 permite a los alumnos aprender sobre: cómo examinar la química orgánica; compuestos basados en anillos del benceno; compuestos de carbonilo; ésteres de ácidos carboxílicos; aminas; aminoácidos y quiralidad; poliéster y poliamidas; síntesis; cromatografía; espectroscopia; ácidos, bases; entalpía; entropía; electrodos potenciales y las pilas de combustible; elementos de transición. Tiene un glosario de palabras clave, respuestas a la auto-evaluación e índice.

Escola sostenible per a una societat sostenible : l'IESM Narcís Monturiol, escola verda. ' Escuela sostenible para una sociedad sostenible : el IESM Narcís Monturiol, escuela verde'.

Resumen basado en el del autor

Resistance against gastrointestinal nematodes in Crioulo Lageano and crossbred Angus cattle in southern Brazil

Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection is a major cause of production losses in cattle. This study was carried out to evaluate the natural resistance against nematode infection in Crioulo Lageano and crossbred Angus male calves. Crioulo Lageano is a local cattle breed in the state of Santa Catarina, in southern Brazil. Ten weaned calves of each breed were grazed together on pasture and naturally infected with nematodes between July 2009 and December 2010. Once every 28 days, we collected fecal and blood samples for parasitological and immunological tests, as well as recording body weights. After 19 samplings, all animals were slaughtered for quantification and identification of GINs. We found that the animals had been infected with the following nematode species, in decreasing order by the mean number of specimens: Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia punctata, Ostertagia ostertagi, Haemonchus placei, Oesophagostomum radiatum, and Trichuris spp. There were no significant differences between the Crioulo Lageano and crossbred Angus groups in terms of worm burden or nematode fecal egg count, nor in terms of the mean levels of immunoglobulin (G and A) against C. punctata and H. placei antigens, except in IgA mean level in abomasal mucus against H. placei adult worms that was significantly higher in crossbred Angus cattle (p<0.05). At the end of the study, the crossbred Angus cattle were heavier than were the Crioulo Lageano cattle (mean live weight, 507.35 and 390.3. kg, respectively). Comparative parasitological and immunological evaluation revealed no difference between two breeds in terms of their natural resistance against GINs. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

Streak detection algorithm for space debris detection on optical images.

Any image processing object detection algorithm somehow tries to integrate the object light (Recognition Step) and applies statistical criteria to distinguish objects of interest from other objects or from pure background (Decision Step). There are various possibilities how these two basic steps can be realized, as can be seen in the different proposed detection methods in the literature. An ideal detection algorithm should provide high recognition sensitiv ity with high decision accuracy and require a reasonable computation effort . In reality, a gain in sensitivity is usually only possible with a loss in decision accuracy and with a higher computational effort. So, automatic detection of faint streaks is still a challenge. This paper presents a detection algorithm using spatial filters simulating the geometrical form of possible streaks on a CCD image. This is realized by image convolution. The goal of this method is to generate a more or less perfect match between a streak and a filter by varying the length and orientation of the filters. The convolution answers are accepted or rejected according to an overall threshold given by the ackground statistics. This approach yields as a first result a huge amount of accepted answers due to filters partially covering streaks or remaining stars. To avoid this, a set of additional acceptance criteria has been included in the detection method. All criteria parameters are justified by background and streak statistics and they affect the detection sensitivity only marginally. Tests on images containing simulated streaks and on real images containing satellite streaks show a very promising sensitivity, reliability and running speed for this detection method. Since all method parameters are based on statistics, the true alarm, as well as the false alarm probability, are well controllable. Moreover, the proposed method does not pose any extraordinary demands on the computer hardware and on the image acquisition process.

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Signatur des Originals: S 36/F02323