Documentation, profile descriptions and analytical results of loes profiles from Bavaria, southern Germany

This study investigates the landscape evolution and soil development in the loess area near Regensburg between approximately 6000-2000 yr BP (radiocarbon years), Eastern Bavaria. The focus is on the question how man and climate influenced landscape evolution and what their relative significance was. The theoretical background concerning the factors that controlled prehistoric soil erosion in Middle Europe is summarized with respect to rainfall intensity and distribution, pedogenesis, Pleistocene relief, and prehistoric farming. Colluvial deposits , flood loams, and soils were studied at ten different and representative sites that served as archives of their respective palaeoenvironments. Geomorphological, sedimentological, and pedological methods were applied. According to the findings presented here, there was a high asynchronity of landscape evolution in the investigation area, which was due to prehistoric land-use patterns. Prehistoric land use and settlement caused highly difIerenciated phases of morphodynamic activity and stability in time and space. These are documented at the single catenas ofeach site. In general, Pleistocene relief was substantially lowered. At the same time smaller landforms such as dells and minor asymmetric valleys filled up and strongly transformed. However, there were short phases at many sites, forming short lived linear erosion features ('Runsen'), resulting from exceptional rainfalls. These forms are results of single events without showing regional trends. Generally, the onset of the sedimentation of colluvial deposits took place much earlier (usually 3500 yr BP (radiocarbon) and younger) than the formation of flood loams. Thus, the deposition of flood loams in the Kleine Laaber river valley started mainly as a consequence of iron age farming only at around 2500 yr BP (radiocarbon). A cascade system explains the different ages of colluvial deposits and flood loams: as a result of prehistoric land use, dells and other minor Pleistocene landforms were filled with colluvial sediments. After the filling of these primary sediment traps , eroded material was transported into flood plains, thus forming flood loams. But at the moment we cannot quantify the extent ofprehistoric soil erosion in the investigation area. The three factors that controlled the prehistoric Iandscapc evolution in the Ioess area near Regensburg are as follows: 1. The transformation from a natural to a prehistoric cultural landscape was the most important factor: A landscape with stable relief was changed into a highly morphodynamic one with soil erosion as the dominant process of this change. 2. The sediment traps of the pre-anthropogenic relief determined where the material originated from soil erosion was deposited: either sedimentation took place on the slopes or the filled sediment traps of the slopes rendered flood loam formation possible. Climatic influence of any importance can only be documented as the result of land use in connection with singular and/or statistic events of heavy rainfalls. Without human impact, no significant change in the Holocene landscape would have been possible.

Information literacy programs and research: reflections on 'Information literacy programs and research: An international review' by Christine Bruce. 2000. The Australian Library Journal 49, 3: 209-218

Although in the late 1990s there was much discussion as to whether the idea of information literacy was necessary or had longevity, global interest in the phenomenon has increased rather than diminished. In the midst of all this activity, what has happened to the way in which we interpret the idea of information literacy in the last decade or more? The label of information literacy has certainly become widely applied, especially to library based programs and remains more popular in formal learning environments.Ultimately information literacy is about peoples’ experience of using information wherever they happen to be. Information literacy is about people interacting, engaging, working with information in many contexts, either individually or in community. Emerging technologies may transform the kinds of information available and how it is engaged with. Nevertheless, we continue to need to understand the experience of information use in order to support people in their information environments. We continue to need to develop programs which reflect and enhance peoples’ experiences of using information to learn in ever widening and more complex settings (Bruce, 2008; Bruce & Hughes, 2010).

Diário da Constituinte [gravação de vídeo] : [programa n. 209]

No debate das emendas populares no Plenário da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte (ANC), discutem-se os direitos da criança e a questão das verbas para a educação. O professor Vital Didonet critica o texto do substitutivo do Relator Bernardo Cabral que, segundo ele, precisa garantir melhor os direitos da criança e do adolescente. Deodato Rivera, representante da campanha "Criança, Prioridade Nacional", defende que o texto seja completado com os sete direitos capitais da criança e do adolescente. Surge nova crítica ao substitutivo do Relator Bernardo Cabral: o dispositivo que prevê a destinação das verbas públicas para o ensino foi retirado do capítulo Educação e colocado nas Disposições Transitórias. O Deputado Pedro Canedo (PFL-GO) e o Senador João Calmon (PMDB-ES) concordam que o assunto deve ser tratado no capítulo Educação e não nas Disposições Transitórias. O Deputado Gumercindo Milhomem (PT-SP) não está satisfeito com o substitutivo. O prazo de entrega de emendas ao substitutivo foi adiado. O Presidente da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte (ANC), Deputado Ulysses Guimarães explica que o prazo foi estendido para buscar o entendimento nas questões polêmicas. O Deputado Mário Covas (PMDB-SP) aprova a prorrogação. O Deputado Marcelo Cordeiro (PMDB-BA) explica como serão os novos prazos.

For the determination of iron (II) and total iron with 2,2'-dipyridyl in mineral waters. Reduction of iron (III) with ascorbic acid [Translation from: Zeitschrift fur Analytische Chemie 209 340-341, 1965]

The determination of bi- and trivalent iron in proximity, in mineral waters has gained in significance, on biological and technical grounds. This short paper describes the procedure of the determination of bivalent iron and total iron in a water sample.

Apoptosis induction on human hepatoma cells Hep G2 of decabrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE-209)

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are an important class of halogenated organic brominated flame retardants. Because of their presence in abiotic and biotic environments widely and their structural similarity to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), concern has been raised on their possible adverse health effects to humans. This study was designed to determine the anti-proliferative, apoptotic properties of decabrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE-209), using a human hepatoma Hep G2 line as a model system. Hep G2 cells were cultured in the presence of PBDE-209 at various concentrations (1.0-100.0 mu mol/L) for 72 h and the percentage of cell viability was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results showed that PBDE-209 inhibited the cells viability in time and concentration-dependent characteristics at concentrations (10.0-100.0 mu mol/L). We found that anti-proliferative effect of PBDE-209 was associated with apoptosis on Hep G2 cells by determinations of morphological changes, cell cycle and apoptosis. Mechanism study showed that PBDE-209 could increase the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration-dependently. Antioxidant N-acetylcyteine partially inhibited the increase of ROS. The mechanism for its hepatoma-inhibitory effects was the induction of cellular apoptosis through ROS generation. In addition, activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release increased when the cells incubated with PBDE-209 at various concentrations and times. These results suggested that PBDE-209 had the toxicity activity of anti-proliferation and induction of apoptosis in tumor cells in vitro. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

~(209)Fr的能级结构研究

利用能量为 90— 1 0 5MeV的16 O束流 ,通过197Au( 16 O ,4n)反应研究了2 0 9　Fr的高自旋态能级结构 .进行了γ射线的激发函数、γ γ延迟符合及γ射线的角分布测量 .首次建立了由 2 1条γ射线构成的2 0 9Fr的能级纲图 ,其中包括一个半寿命为 ( 52± 2 0 )ns的同质异能态 .基于2 0 9Fr与2 0 8Rn低位能级结构的相似性 ,用一个h9/ 2 价质子与2 0 8Rn激发态的弱耦合解释了2 0 9Fr的低位能级结构 .

~(12)C与~(209)Bi反应中Au同位素的产额与Q_(gg)的关系；Q_(gg)-Yield Dependence of Au Isotopes in Interaction of 47 MeV/u ~(12)C With ~(209)Bi

用47MeV/u12C离子轰击天然铋靶,通过炮弹和靶核之间的核子转移反应产生Au同位素。使用放射化学方法从大量Bi和复杂反应产物中分离、纯化Au,并制备Au的γ射线测量源。使用HPGe探测器测量放射性Au同位素的γ活性。根据照射结束时Au同位素的活度和其他相关数据,确定每个Au同位素的产生截面。分析发现,缺中子Au同位素的产生截面与Qgg值之间不遵从指数依赖关系,这可用重离子碰撞中的次级过程加以解释。

47MeV/u~(12) C轰击~(197)Au和~(209)Bi引起的裂变关联测量

本论文的工作：利用两体裂变角关联技术，辅之以飞行时间测量，测定了47MeV/u的~(12)C轰击~(197)Au和~(209)Bi靶中心碰撞对应的线性动量转移（LMT），得到了关联裂片出射的共面歧离分布，同时还发现了关联角很小且共面歧离很大的裂变事件，并得到了其相对速度分布。从测到的LMT分布中，得到中心碰撞对应的最可几线性动量转移约占入射动量的65％，相应于单核子线性动量转移约为192MeV/c.A，进而还估算出了所形成热核的激发能上限。在对关联裂片出射的共面歧离效应研究中，发现了共面歧离宽度是热核激发能的较好量度之一。并给出了共面歧离宽度跟热核单核子激发能的经验关系；还用简化的裂片级联蒸发模型估算了蒸发中子、质子和α粒子的平均多重性

25MeV/u~(40)Ar~(15+)+~(209)Bi反应的裂变研究

本文首先回顾了重离子物理学的发展简史，并介绍了当前的一些关于重离子反应的理论方法，同时对于现在核物理的研究热点，热核的特性进行了概括性的叙述．由于裂变是作者工作的重点，因此在文章中，对裂变反应的理论也进行了介绍．为了能够清楚全面的说明我们的工作，本文对于实验装置和探测器也给出了详细的描述．最后，文章对25 MeVu Ar+Bi反应中的裂变进行了讨论．在这些讨论中，我们分析了反应中与裂变相关的数据，得到了碎片的质量，动能分布。同时运用与碎片相关联的4He粒子能谱提取了核温度和裂前裂后的4He粒子多重性，并利用这一数据计算了不同初始激发能下的裂点激发能和裂变时标.