Mapping the conditions of penal hope

This article examines the conditions of penal hope behind suggestions that the penal expansionism of the last three decades may be at a ‘turning point’. The article proceeds by outlining David Green’s (2013b) suggested catalysts of penal reform and considers how applicable they are in the Australian context. Green’s suggested catalysts are: the cycles and saturation thesis; shifts in the dominant conception of the offender; the global financial crisis (GFC) and budgetary constraints; the drop in crime; the emergence of the prisoner re‐entry movement; apparent shifts in public opinion; the influence of evangelical Christian ideas; and the Right on Crime initiative. The article then considers a number of other possible catalysts or forces: the role of trade unions; the role of courts; the emergence of recidivism as a political issue; the influence of ‘evidence based’/‘what works’ discourse; and the emergence of justice reinvestment (JR). The article concludes with some comments about the capacity of criminology and criminologists to contribute to penal reductionism, offering an optimistic assessment for the prospects of a reflexive criminology that engages in and engenders a wider politics around criminal justice issues.

Espainiako erkidegoetako urteko soldata gordina faktore desberdinen menpe

Ikerkuntza honetan Espainiako erkidego bakoitzean 2010. urtean egondako alokairuen egoera aztertuko dut. Lan honen jomuga espainiar ekonomiako egiturazko arazo nagusienetariko bat aztertzean datza: lan merkatuko oreka. Hau da, Espainiako erkidego bakoitzeko alokairuen desberdintasunak aztertzea dut xedetzat.

AMPS modeling of light J-V characteristics of a-Si based solar cells

AMPS (Analysis of microelectronic and photonic structures) mode,which was developed by Pennsylvania State University, has been used to module the light J-V characteristics of a-Si solar cells with a structure of TCO/p-a-SiC:H/i-a-Si:H/n-a-Si:H/ metal. The effects of valence band offset and contact barriers at p/i and TOC/p, n/metal interfaces on the light J-V characteristics have been examined. The modeling has qualitatively categorized and explained the non-ideal J-V behaviors (rollover, crossover, Voc shift,and rollunder) observed in a-Si based solar cells.

The human body book.

En esta guía de anatomía se pone de manifiesto la complejidad del cuerpo humano. Capa por capa, cada sistema es detallado y explicado, desde cómo funciona el sistema nervioso, la construcción de músculos y esqueleto, la piel, el cabello y las uñas y cómo se protege el cuerpo cuando está en peligro. Utilizando el DVD interactivo se pueden hacer primeros planos sobre una parte del cuerpo y ver la formación de los órganos, la acción de un nervio, la circulación de la sangre a través de una arteria, explorar las causas y los síntomas de las enfermedades y dolencias. Tiene glosario e índice alfabético.

Synthesis and solid-state structural characterization of di-μ-azido-bis[{azido(N, N-diethylethylenediamine)}copper(II)]

The 1:1 mixed-ligand [{Cu(N3)2(diEten)}2] (diEten=N,N-diethylethylenediamine) complex has been synthesized and characterized by i.r. spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1. Its structure consists of a centrosymmetric Cu2N2 unit whose N atoms belong to end-on azido bridges. Each copper atom is also surrounded by three nitrogen atoms; two from one N, N-diethylethylenediamine, and one from the remaining azide. The five nitrogen atoms altogether occupy the vertices of a slightly distorted trigonal bipyramid, and the azidobridges produced a rather short Cu...Cu distance of 3.37 Å. © 1989 Chapman and Hall Ltd.