Study of Multilevel Sinusoidal PWM methods for Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverters

This paper is a study of Multilevel Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (MSPWM) methods; Phase Disposition (PD), Alternate Phase Opposition Disposition (APOD), Phase Opposition Disposition (POD) on a single phase Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel inverter. Various factors such as amplitude modulation index (Ma), frequency modulation index (M-f), phase angle between carrier and reference modulating wave (phi) have been considered for simulation. Variation in these factors and their effect on inverter performance is evaluated. Factors such as DC bus utilization, output r.m.s voltage, total harmonic distortion (%THD), dominant harmonic order, switching losses are evaluated based on simulation results.

沈阳市细河流域土壤重金属的暴露评估

在系统调查沈阳市细河流域土壤、农作物和大气降尘中重金属分布特征的基础上,按照美国环保局推荐的暴露模型和成人、儿童暴露参数,计算细河流域土壤中5种重金属Zn、Pb、Ba、Cd和Hg的成人、儿童暴露量。结果表明:污染土壤重金属的人群暴露主要来自食物途径,食物摄入暴露量明显大于呼吸摄入暴露量,皮肤接触暴露量则更小。5种金属的成人与儿童食物日暴露总量分别为0.121 mg/kg/d和0.185mg/kg/d,不同重金属的食物日暴露量为:Zn>Pb>Ba>Cd>Hg;呼吸与皮肤接触暴露中儿童的重金属暴露较成人明显,儿童与成人呼吸日摄入总量分别为1.01×10-2 mg/kg/d与1.08×10-3 mg/kg/d;皮肤接触暴露量分别为1.82×10-5 mg/kg/d与1.08×10-5 mg/kg/d。在3种暴露途径中,儿童的平均体重日暴露量均明显大于成人。

La musique en miniature

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F00057