Physical oceanography from the TRACTOR project

Primary Objectives - Describe and quantify the present strength and variability of the circulation and oceanic processes of the Nordic Seas regions using primarily observations of the long term spread of a tracer purposefully released into the Greenland Sea Gyre in 1996. - Improve our understanding of ocean processes critical to the thermaholine circulation in the Nordic Seas regions so as to be able to predict how this region may respond to climate change. - Assess the role of mixing and ageing of water masses on the carbon transport and the role of the thermohaline circulation in carbon storage using water transports and mixing coefficients derived from the tracer distribution. Specific Objectives Perform annual hydrographic, chemical and SF6 tracer surveys into the Nordic regions in order to: - Measure lateral and diapycnal mixing rates in the Greenland Sea Gyre and in the surrounding regions. - Document the depth and rates of convective mixing in the Greenland Sea using the SF6 and the water masses characteristics. - Measure the transit time and transport of water from the Greenland Sea to surrounding seas and outflows. Document processes of water mass transformation and entrainment occurring to water emanating from the central Greenland Sea. - Measure diapycnal mixing rates in the bottom and margins of the Greenland Sea basin using the SF6 signal observed there. Quantify the potential role of bottom boundary-layer mixing in the ventilation of the Greenland Sea Deep Water in absence of deep convection. Monitor the variability of the entrainment of water from the Greenland Sea using time series auto-sampler moorings at strategic positions i.e., sill of the Denmark Strait, Labrador Sea, Jan Mayen fracture zone and Fram Strait. Relate the observed variability of the tracer signal in the outflows to convection events in the Greenland Sea and local wind stress events. Obtain a better description of deepwater overflow and entrainment processes in the Denmark Strait and Faeroe Bank Channel overflows and use these to improve modelling of deepwater overflows. Monitor the tracer invasion into the North Atlantic using opportunistic SF6 measurements from other cruises: we anticipate that a number of oceanographic cruises will take place in the north-east Atlantic and the Labrador Sea. It should be possible to get samples from some cruises for SF6 measurements. Use process models to describe the spread of the tracer to achieve better parameterisation for three-dimensional models. One reason that these are so resistant to prediction is that our best ocean models are as yet some distance from being good enough, to predict climate and climate change.

An examination of tax-deductible donations made by individual Australian taxpayers in 2007-08

Each year, The Australian Centre for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Studies (CPNS) at Queensland University of Technology (QUT) collects and analyses statistics on the amount and extent of tax-deductible donations made and claimed by Australians in their individual income tax returns to deductible gift recipients (DGRs). The information presented below is based on the amount and type of tax-deductible donations made and claimed by Australian individual taxpayers to DGRs for the period 1 July 2006 to 30 June 2007. This information has been extracted mainly from the Australian Taxation Office's (ATO) publication Taxation Statistics 2006-07. The 2006-07 report is the latest report that has been made publicly available. It represents information in tax returns for the 2006-07 year processed by the ATO as at 31 October 2008. This study uses information based on published ATO material and represents only the extent of tax-deductible donations made and claimed by Australian taxpayers to DGRs at Item D9 Gifts or Donations in their individual income tax returns for the 2006-07 income year. The data does not include corporate taxpayers. Expenses such as raffles, sponsorships, fundraising purchases (e.g., sweets, tea towels, special events) or volunteering are generally not deductible as „gifts‟. The Giving Australia Report used a more liberal definition of gift to arrive at an estimated total of giving at $11 billion for 2005 (excluding Tsunami giving of $300 million). The $11 billion total comprised $5.7 billion from adult Australians, $2 billion from charity gambling or special events and $3.3 billion from business sources.

Technical highlights: Invasive plant and animal research 2007-08

Technical highlights 2007–08, with detailed progress reports on the latest invasive plant and animal research undertaken by Biosecurity Queensland, a service unit of the Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries.

Clustering phenomena in Al-4.4 at. % Zn alloy with 0.03 and 0.08 at. % Ag additions

The influence of 0.03 and 0.08 at. % Ag additions on the clustering of Zn atoms in an Al-4.4 at. % Zn alloy has been studied by resistometry. The effect of quenching and ageing temperatures shows that the ageing-ratio method of calculating the vacancy-solute atom binding energy is not applicable to these alloys. Zone-formation in Al-Zn is unaffected by Ag additions, but the zone-reversion process seems to be influenced. Apparent vacancy-formation energies in the binary and ternary alloys have been used to evaluate the v-Ag atom binding energy as 0.21 eV. It is proposed that, Ag and Zn being similar in size, the relative vacancy binding results from valency effects, and that in Al-Zn-Ag alloys clusters of Zn and Ag may form simultaneously, unaffected by the presence of each other. © 1970 Chapman and Hall Ltd.

Prudentia Iuris, 1982, n° 08 (número completo)

Contenido: Editorial – La relación de la justicia y el derecho / Justo López – Mos Italicus, Mos Gallicus y el humanismo racionalista : una contribución a la historia de la metodología jurídica / Francisco Carpintero – La lesión subjetiva, una consecuencia negativa de la socialización : la solución del problema a través de la reforma de 1968: algunos aspectos / Antonio E. Maínez – Escolios – Documentos – Notas bibliográficas

Fundo Soberano do Brasil : fundo fiscal de investimento e estabilização (PL 3.674/08)

Consultoria de Orçamento e Fiscalização Financeira - Núcleo de Assuntos Econômico-Fiscais.

[Discurso do Deputado Castro Costa : Sessão da Câmara dos Deputados de 08 de novembro de 1962]

Comenta o discurso do Deputado Herbert Levy em relação às condições de funcionamento da administração pública em Brasília e em relação a críticas feitas ao Senador Pedro Ludovico. Declara ser impossível admitir o retorno da capital do país para o Rio de Janeiro.

[Discurso do Deputado Emival Caiado : Sessão da Câmara dos Deputados de 08 de abril de 1959]

Lançamento do Bloco Parlamentar Mudancista, de caráter suprapartidário, tendo como escopo lutar pela interiorização da capital da República e impedir o adiamento da mudança da Capital Federal, fixada em lei para 21 de abril de 1960.

[Discurso do Deputado Oscar Corrêa : Sessão da Câmara dos Deputados de 08 de setembro de 1965]

Critica os serviços prestados pelas companhias aéreas, que agem como forças contrárias à consolidação de Brasília. Cita especialmente a deficiência do transporte aéreo entre a Capital Federal e Belo Horizonte.

[Discurso do Deputado Medeiros Neto : Sessão da Câmara dos Deputados de 08 de novembro de 1962]

Analisa a última campanha eleitoral. Reafirma a posição do seu partido, o PSD, contra qualquer movimento que vise o retorno da capital da República para o Rio de Janeiro.

[Discurso do Deputado Fonseca e Silva : Sessão da Câmara dos Deputados de 08 de maio de 1956]

Discorre favoravelmente sobre a questão da interiorização da capital. Considerações sobre aspectos geo-políticos da mudança da Capital Federal.

[Discurso do Deputado Múcio Athayde : Sessão Conjunta do Congresso Nacional de 08 de maio de 1985]

Alerta para a incoerência dos dirigentes do PMDB em relação à representação política para o Distrito Federal e enfatiza que o povo necessita de um governador eleito.

[Discurso do Deputado Herbert Levy : Sessão da Câmara dos Deputados de 08 de novembro de 1962]

Resposta a discurso de um Senador por Goiás, que lhe fez referências desairosas baseando-se em publicação deturpada feita por um jornal local de suas declarações sobre o problema do funcionamento de Brasília como Capital da República. Apartes: Fernando Ferrari, Oliveira Brito, Pacheco Chaves, Wagner Estelita, Adauto Cardoso.