Technology strategy and competitive performance : A study of bridge construction

Doctoral dissertation, Stanford University, California, 1993

Stochastic model for simulating maize yield

Maize is one of the most important crops in the world. The products generated from this crop are largely used in the starch industry, the animal and human nutrition sector, and biomass energy production and refineries. For these reasons, there is much interest in figuring the potential grain yield of maize genotypes in relation to the environment in which they will be grown, as the productivity directly affects agribusiness or farm profitability. Questions like these can be investigated with ecophysiological crop models, which can be organized according to different philosophies and structures. The main objective of this work is to conceptualize a stochastic model for predicting maize grain yield and productivity under different conditions of water supply while considering the uncertainties of daily climate data. Therefore, one focus is to explain the model construction in detail, and the other is to present some results in light of the philosophy adopted. A deterministic model was built as the basis for the stochastic model. The former performed well in terms of the curve shape of the above-ground dry matter over time as well as the grain yield under full and moderate water deficit conditions. Through the use of a triangular distribution for the harvest index and a bivariate normal distribution of the averaged daily solar radiation and air temperature, the stochastic model satisfactorily simulated grain productivity, i.e., it was found that 10,604 kg ha(-1) is the most likely grain productivity, very similar to the productivity simulated by the deterministic model and for the real conditions based on a field experiment. © 2012 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers.

中国科学院力学研究所2001年度科研状况与主要进展

<正>2001年是跨入新世纪的第一年,也是“十五”的第一年．在此年度,力学所的科研工作在诸多层面上都取得了重要的突破和进展．

Ocio y recreación.

El objetivo fundamental del proyecto es llenar el vacío existente en los currículos oficiales en cuanto al escaso tiempo dedicado a la Educación Física, ocupación del tiempo libre, ocio, y animación sociocultural. Se plantean, además, como objetivos específicos: ofrecer al alumno la posibilidad de completar su formación por medio de actividades ocio-recreativas; posibilitar la práctica de deportes al aire libre tanto individuales como grupales relacionados con el conocimiento del medio ambiente; favorecer la participación en deportes reglados y competiciones; y dotar al alumnado de los conocimientos y técnicas adecuadas para organizar su preparación física. De las dos modalidades que se proponen para su puesta en marcha, se elige la de asignatura voluntaria, dados los problemas que presenta su constitución en EATP. La experiencia consiste por una parte en el trabajo en el seminario centrado en la teoría de sistemas de entrenamiento, utilizando el ordenador para el control de éstos, conocimiento de los recursos disponibles, introducción a la cartografía y orientación, y preparación de marchas y actividades; y por otra, en la práctica de deportes como: natación, tenis, baloncesto, frisbee, badminton, patinaje, cicloturismo, marchas de orientación, participación en las Jornadas de mujer y deporte, y semana blanca.

Stroking Parameters during Continuous and Intermittent Exercise in Regional-Level Competitive Swimmers

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Experimental gestational hypothyroidism evokes hypertension in adult offspring rats

Gestational hypothyroidism is a prevalent disorder in pregnant women. We aimed to investigate the impact of experimental gestational hypothyroidism (EGH) on cardiovascular and autonomic nervous systems (ANS) in the offspring of rats. EGH was induced with methimazole (MMI) 0.02% in drinking water from day 9 of gestation until birth. Sixty day old offspring from MMI-treated dams (OMTD, n = 13) or water-treated dams (OWTD, n = 13) had femoral arteries surgically assessed for the measurements of heart rate (HR), mean (MAP), systolic (SAP) and diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). To investigate the balance of ANS, we established the high (HF) and low frequency (LF) bands of pulse interval (PI) and LF band of SAP spectrum. OMTD had increased MAP (130.2 +/- 2.0 vs 108.8 +/- 3.0 mm Hg, p<0.001), SAP (157.3 +/- 2.9 vs 135.7 +/- 4.5 mm Hg, p<0.001) and DAP (109.7 +/- 1.9 vs 88.4 +/- 2.6 mm Hg, p<0.001) when compared to OWED, and had lower HR (355.1 +/- 8.9 vs 386.8 +/- 9.2 bpm, p<0.05). After spectral analysis of PI and SAP, only LF band of SAP spectrum was higher (7.2 +/- 0.8 vs 4.0 +/- 0.6 mm Hg-2, p<0.01) in OMTD under spontaneous condition. Despite bradycardia, EGH promotes spontaneous hypertension in 60 day old offspring, probably due to increased sympathetic modulation of vessels, which is suggested by the higher LF of SAP. These findings suggest a critical role of maternal THs in the development of fetal cardiovascular and autonomic nervous systems. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

La movilidad como solución

Las organizaciones internacionales, las ONG e incluso los investigadores tienden a tachar de “refugiados” a todos los sirios que hoy se encuentran en sus países vecinos. Aunque esta definición pudiera reflejar la categoría administrativa de los registrados por ACNUR, no supone un reflejo fiel del diverso abanico de realidades donde viven. No todos los que se han marchado a países vecinos de Siria se encuentran registrados ni tampoco se consideran a sí mismos refugiados.