冷弯成型过程的有限元模拟

概述了冷弯成型过程有限元数值模拟的基本原理和基本算法,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA分析软件对冷弯过程进行有限元数值模拟,并对模拟结果进行受力和应变分析以验证其可行性和正确性,为冷弯成型的工程设计提供了科学依据,从而降低设计风险。

Estudio integral del Río Manzanares. Material curricular para grupos de diversificación.

Se realizan, aplican y evalúan unidades didácticas que comprenden el estudio integral del río Manzanares. Se plantea este proyecto debido a la falta de material didáctico para impartir el currículo en los grupos de diversificación y a la inadecuación de los métodos usuales para el trabajo con grupos con dificultades de aprendizaje no muy graves. Se trabajan los contenidos del curriculo de los ámbitos lingüístico-social y científico-tecnológico, pero además se les dota de un sentido real y se les proponen procedimientos para alcanzar los objetivos pretendidos. Además, se plantean otros objetivos como transmitir a los alumnos una visión integradora del saber; desarrollar nuevos métodos de trabajo para grupos reducidos de alumnos con problemas de aprendizaje; intercambiar ideas y materiales de trabajo entre profesores de distintos departamentos para buscar una metodología común; y propiciar entre los alumnos la preocupación por los problemas del entorno e influir en la búsqueda de soluciones. Entre las actividades destaca la realización de un trabajo de aula para desarrollar los conocimientos teóricos necesarios, que se complementa con trabajo en el laboratorio para afianzarlos. Se trabaja con mapas, minerales, rocas y se amplia la información. Además se preparan minuciosamente las excursiones que se realizan al curso alto y medio del Manzanares; y para finalizar se observan y analizan las muestras recogidas y se elaboran los resultados. Se adjuntan una guía de actividades y materiales elaborados, un ejemplar del cuaderno de campo y un dossier fotográfico.

A simple and versatile 2-dimensional platform to study plant germination and growth under controlled humidity

We describe a simple, inexpensive, but remarkably versatile and controlled growth environment for the observation of plant germination and seedling root growth on a flat, horizontal surface over periods of weeks. The setup provides to each plant a controlled humidity (between 56% and 91% RH), and contact with both nutrients and atmosphere. The flat and horizontal geometry of the surface supporting the roots eliminates the gravitropic bias on their development and facilitates the imaging of the entire root system. Experiments can be setup under sterile conditions and then transferred to a non-sterile environment. The system can be assembled in 1-2 minutes, costs approximately 8.78$ per plant, is almost entirely reusable (0.43$ per experiment in disposables), and is easily scalable to a variety of plants. We demonstrate the performance of the system by germinating, growing, and imaging Wheat (Triticum aestivum), Corn (Zea mays), and Wisconsin Fast Plants (Brassica rapa). Germination rates were close to those expected for optimal conditions.

Cognitive and olfactory deficits in Machado-Joseph disease: A dopamine transporter study

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efficacy of low level laser therapy associated with exercises in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized double-blind study

Objectives: To estimate the effects of low level laser therapy in combination with a programme of exercises on pain, functionality, range of motion, muscular strength and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Design: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial with sequential allocation of patients to different treatment groups. Setting: Special Rehabilitation Services. Subjects: Forty participants with knee osteoarthritis, 2-4 osteoarthritis degree, aged between 50 and 75 years and both genders. Intervention: Participants were randomized into one of two groups: the laser group (low level laser therapy dose of 3 J and exercises) or placebo group (placebo laser and exercises). Main measures: Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS), functionality using the Lequesne questionnaire, range of motion with a universal goniometer, muscular strength using a dynamometer, and activity using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) questionnaire at three time points: (T1) baseline, (T2) after the end of laser therapy (three weeks) and (T3) the end of the exercises (11 weeks). Results: When comparing groups, significant differences in the activity were also found (P = 0.03). No other significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed in other variables. In intragroup analysis, participants in the laser group had significant improvement, relative to baseline, on pain (P = 0.001), range of motion (P = 0.01), functionality (P = 0.001) and activity (P < 0.001). No significant improvement was seen in the placebo group. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that low level laser therapy when associated with exercises is effective in yielding pain relief, function and activity on patients with osteoarthritis of the knees.

Patients with oral tumors. Part 1: Prosthetic rehabilitation following tumor resection. Resection prosthetics: surgery, implants and prosthetic treatment

The present study reports on the surgical and prosthodontic rehabilitation of 46 patients, 31 male and 15 female, after resection of oral tumors. The treatment was carried out from 2004 to 2007 at the Department of Prosthodontics, University of Bern, with a follow-up time of 3 to 6 years. The average age at diagnosis was 54 years. 76% of all tumors were squamous cell carcinoma, followed by adenocarcinoma. Resection of the tumors including soft and/or hard tissues was performed in all patients. 80% of them additionally underwent radiotherapy and 40% chemotherapy. A full block resection of the mandible was perfomed in 23 patients, and in 10 patients, the tumor resection resulted in an oronasal communication. 29 patients underwent grafting procedures, mostly consisting of a free fibula flap transplant. To enhance the prosthetic treatment outcome and improve the prosthesis stability, a total of 114 implants were placed. However, 14 implants were not loaded because they failed during the healing period or the patient could not complete the final treatment with the prostheses. The survival rate of the implants reached 84.2% after 4 to 5 years. Many patients were only partially dentate before the tumors were detected, and further teeth had to be extracted in the course of the tumor therapy. Altogether, 31 jaws became or remained edentulous. Implants provide stability and may facilitate the adaptation to the denture, but their survival rate was compromised. Mostly, patients were fitted with removable prostheses with obturators in the maxilla and implant-supported complete dentures with bars in the mandible. Although sequelae of tumor resection are similar in many patients, the individual intermaxillary relations, facial morphology and functional capacity vary significantly. Thus, individual management is required for prosthetic rehabilitation.

El vacío colonizador : vivienda y espacio público en los poblados de colonización de Valuengo y La Bazana de Alejandro de la Sota

El legado de una época, una situación social y unos criterios arquitectónicos, aparecen recogidos en el conjunto de edificios y en la trama urbana, de los pueblos de colonización de La Bazana y Valuengo (Jerez de los Caballeros, Badajoz, 1954), proyectados por Alejandro de la Sota durante la etapa en la que trabajó de forma externa para el Instituto Nacional de Colonización (INC). Al inicio de esta investigación no se habían realizado análisis en profundidad ni valoraciones críticas de su arquitectura, ni eran objeto de estudio en los ambientes universitarios, siendo prácticamente desconocidos para el conjunto de la profesión, que solía tomar como referencia de esta etapa de la arquitectura de Alejandro de la Sota para el INC, el poblado de Esquivel, en Sevilla, profusamente publicitado. Aunque en los últimos tiempos se han elaborado tesis en las Escuelas de Arquitectura abordando el tema de la colonización agraria en España en la década de los 50, los poblados de colonización en Extremadura o la arquitectura de Alejandro de la Sota para el INC, la presente tesis se aleja de la visión global unificadora o biográfica, para centrarse en el estudio monográfico de un objeto arquitectónico singular. El trabajo pretende documentar, estudiar, analizar y poner en valor, estas obras enclavadas en la arquitectura española de la década de los 50, denominados por su propio autor como “pueblos todo de plazas”, donde la arquitectura surge como respuesta a una realidad territorial, social y cultural, y a unas estrictas imposiciones prefijadas, que se resuelven teniendo como punto de partida las condiciones materiales y culturales del lugar en el que se ubican, para concluir planteando interpretaciones y lecturas que incorporan la tradición, pero que trascienden a ella. La metodología empleada consiste en un trabajo de documentación y análisis del objeto arquitectónico en tres fases: proyecto, obra construida y estado actual. En cada una de las fases se realiza un trabajo de campo consistente en la recopilación de la documentación original y en la elaboración de una nueva documentación gráfica, en base a los estudios y análisis realizados. El cotejo entre los datos obtenidos de los proyectos, las obras inicialmente construidas y el estado actual, darán como resultado un material de análisis inédito, que junto con la bibliografía incluida en el trabajo y los anexos que contienen la documentación original recabada sobre las obras en los organismos e instituciones que la custodian, ofrecen una interpretación más precisa de la realidad arquitectónica de estos pueblos, dejando el estudio abierto a nuevas vías de investigación que profundicen en la hipótesis del espacio vacío como organizador y colonizador del paisaje. ABSTRACT The legacy of an age, a social situation and a group of architectural criteria, appears reflected in the group of buildings and the urban design of colonization villages La Bazana and Valuengo (Jerez de los Caballeros, Badajoz, 1954), designed by Alejandro de la Sota during the time that he was working externally to the National Institute of Colonization(INC). At the beginning of this investigation they had not been analyzed or critically evaluated in depth and not even were being studied in university circles and for this reason were practically unknown to the profession, who used as a reference of this architecture period of Alejandro de la Sota for the INC, the colonization village of Esquivel in Seville, widely publicized. Although recently some doctoral thesis have been elaborated in the Architecture Schools about the topic of rural colonization in Spain in the 50s, the colonization villages in Extremadura or the architecture by Alejandro de la Sota for the INC, this thesis wants to get away from unifying or biographical overview, in order to centre the study about a singular architectural object. The work expects to document, study, analyze and push the value of this architectural pieces nestled in the Spanish architecture of 50s,and that were named by their author as “squares-villages”, where the architecture appears like answer to a territorial, social and culture reality, and a strict program impositions by the INC, which are solved by the architect taking as a starting point the material and cultural conditions from the place where are situated, to conclude with a interpretations and readings which incorporate the tradition and transcend it. The methodology used consists in documenting and analyzing work about the architectonic object in three stages: project, building and present state. In every stage, we make a field work in order to compile the original documents and at the same time a new graphical documentation is developed with the studies and analysis that were made before. The information about the projects, the architecture built at the beginning of the process, and the current state were compared and achieved an unpublished material which together with the bibliography and original documents, collected in the organizations and institutions that guard them, offer a more accurate interpretation about the architectural reality of these villages, leaving the study open for a new research which could go into detail about the hypothesis of urban empty space as element for colonize and organize the landscape.