Venealan työvoima- ja koulutustarveselvitys 2011 : Loppuraportti 28.10.2011

Vapaa-ajan veneisiin telakointi-, korjaus- ja huoltopalveluita tarjoavien yritysten työvoima- ja koulutustarvekartoitus tehtiin kesällä 2011 haastattelemalla 40 alan yritystä välillä Taalintehdas-Uusikaupunki. Yritysten toimialaan kuuluvat veneiden talvisäilytys, huolto ja korjaus, vene- ja tarvikemyynti sekä koti- ja vierassatamatoiminta. Yritykset näkevät tasaisen kasvun jatkuvan ja 36 yrityksistä näki toimivansa noususuhdanteessa haastatteluhetkellä ja vuoden kuluttua siitä. Yrityksistä vain kahdella on henkilöstön vähennystarpeita lähimmän viiden vuoden kuluessa. Suurimmat rekrytointitarpeet kohdistuvat toimialan moniosaajiin sekä moottoriasentajiin. Suurimmat rekrytointiongelmat liittyvät motivoidun ja oppimishaluisen työvoiman löytämiseen. Iso osa yrityksistä on sopeutunut ajatukseen, että työ opitaan tekemällä, kunhan palkattava henkilö on innostunutta ja oppimishaluista. Keskeiset koulutustarpeet liittyvät sähkö-, elektroniikka- ja laiteasennuksiin sekä moottoritekniikkaan. Liiketoimintapuolella suurimmat koulutustarpeet liittyvät yrityksen talouteen sekä myyntiin. Alan koulutustarjontaa on lisättävä ja siinä nähdään puutteita. Palvelukysyntä on muuttumassa enemmän ”avaimet käteen”-konseptin suuntaan. Veneiden varustelutaso ja tekniikka lisääntyvät kaiken aikaa, mikä asettaa osaamiselle uusia vaatimuksia. Kasvava palvelukysyntä nähdään toimialan kasvun mahdollisuutena lisääntyvän veneiden määrän lisäksi. ELY:ltä toivottiin myös panostuksia alan markkinointiin ja tiedottamiseen nuorten ammatinvalitsijoiden keskuudessa. TE-toimistolta toivottiin joustoa työharjoittelu- ja oppisopimuskonsepteihin sekä selkeää kanavaa alan tilapäisen työvoiman rekrytointiin. Merkittävimpänä kasvun esteenä nähtiin osaavan ja motivoituneen työvoiman puute. Muita esteitä ovat yleiset suhdanteet sekä toimintaan soveltuvien (ranta)tonttimaiden puute.

China's Labor Question

The Honda workers’ strike in 2010 attracted world wide attention. It was one of thousands of labor disputes that happen every year in China, but it was the first major calling for the right of workers to represent themselves in collective bargaining. The question of representation is therefore the main topic of the book. The various contributors to this volume share the view that the Chinese party-state takes the protest against social inequality seriously. It has enacted many laws aimed at channeling dissatisfaction into safe channels. The implementation of these laws, however, lags behind and these laws do not include the right of freedom of association. Without this right, super-exploitation will persist and the system of labor relations will remain prone to eruptive forms of protest. The first part of the book provides an overview of the economic context of Chinese labor relations, the transformation of class-relations, the evolution of labor law, and government policies intended to set a wage floor. Based on extensive field research, the second part looks at the evolution of labor relations at the industry level. In the third part, the focus shifts to the Corporate Social Responsibility agenda in China. The final part looks at the connection between land reform and social inequality.

El poder colombiano, los piratas del siglo XXI

El galeón español San José, que se hundió en 1708 en la bahía de Cartagena, Colombia, es la nave más pretendida en la actualidad por los cinco mil millones de dólares que alberga. Cuando el expresidente de Colombia Belisario Betancur se enteró de su valor, en 1982, se inició una fiebre de corrupción entre figuras de poder colombiano y los cazatesoros por rescatar el gran botín. En 2013 el presidente de Colombia Juan Manuel Santos sancionó la Ley 1675 con el objetivo de proteger y regular la protección al patrimonio cultural sumergido. Sin embargo, como varias fuentes lo evidencian, esto es solo la luz verde que esperaron los ambiciosos durante décadas para poder obtener beneficios personales con el patrimonio de la Nación.

Final report of the Highway cost allocation study. Letter from the Secretary of Commerce transmitting the Final report of the Highway cost alloction study, pursuant to Section 210 of the Highway revenue act of 1956 (70 Stat. 387) as amended by Section 2 of the act approved August 28, 1958.

Mode of access: Internet.

Spousal support and satisfaction with healthcare services as moderators between psychological morbidity and adherence to diet in Type 2 Diabetes patients

Objectives: This study analyzed the moderating role of partners’ support and satisfaction with healthcare services in the relationship between psychological morbidity and adherence to diet in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: Participants were 387 recently diagnosed T2DM patients that answered the following instruments: Revised Summary of Diabetes Self- Care Activities Measure, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales, Multidimensional Diabetes Questionnaire and Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire. Results: Partners’ positive and negative support moderated the relationship between psychological morbidity and adherence to diet. Satisfaction with healthcare services also moderated the relationship between psychological morbidity and adherence to diet. Conclusions: Intervention programs to promote adherence to diet in patients with type 2 diabetes should focus on partners’ support and patient satisfaction with healthcare services.

Association of Lifecourse Socioeconomic Status with Chronic Inflammation and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: The Whitehall II Prospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic adversity in early life has been hypothesized to "program" a vulnerable phenotype with exaggerated inflammatory responses, so increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood. The aim of this study is to test this hypothesis by assessing the extent to which the association between lifecourse socioeconomic status and type 2 diabetes incidence is explained by chronic inflammation. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We use data from the British Whitehall II study, a prospective occupational cohort of adults established in 1985. The inflammatory markers C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 were measured repeatedly and type 2 diabetes incidence (new cases) was monitored over an 18-year follow-up (from 1991-1993 until 2007-2009). Our analytical sample consisted of 6,387 non-diabetic participants (1,818 women), of whom 731 (207 women) developed type 2 diabetes over the follow-up. Cumulative exposure to low socioeconomic status from childhood to middle age was associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.96, 95% confidence interval: 1.48-2.58 for low cumulative lifecourse socioeconomic score and HR = 1.55, 95% confidence interval: 1.26-1.91 for low-low socioeconomic trajectory). 25% of the excess risk associated with cumulative socioeconomic adversity across the lifecourse and 32% of the excess risk associated with low-low socioeconomic trajectory was attributable to chronically elevated inflammation (95% confidence intervals 16%-58%). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, chronic inflammation explained a substantial part of the association between lifecourse socioeconomic disadvantage and type 2 diabetes. Further studies should be performed to confirm these findings in population-based samples, as the Whitehall II cohort is not representative of the general population, and to examine the extent to which social inequalities attributable to chronic inflammation are reversible. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.

Patients' and physicians' preferences for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatments in Spain and Portugal: a discrete choice experiment.

OBJECTIVE To assess Spanish and Portuguese patients' and physicians' preferences regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatments and the monthly willingness to pay (WTP) to gain benefits or avoid side effects. METHODS An observational, multicenter, exploratory study focused on routine clinical practice in Spain and Portugal. Physicians were recruited from multiple hospitals and outpatient clinics, while patients were recruited from eleven centers operating in the public health care system in different autonomous communities in Spain and Portugal. Preferences were measured via a discrete choice experiment by rating multiple T2DM medication attributes. Data were analyzed using the conditional logit model. RESULTS Three-hundred and thirty (n=330) patients (49.7% female; mean age 62.4 [SD: 10.3] years, mean T2DM duration 13.9 [8.2] years, mean body mass index 32.5 [6.8] kg/m(2), 41.8% received oral + injected medication, 40.3% received oral, and 17.6% injected treatments) and 221 physicians from Spain and Portugal (62% female; mean age 41.9 [SD: 10.5] years, 33.5% endocrinologists, 66.5% primary-care doctors) participated. Patients valued avoiding a gain in bodyweight of 3 kg/6 months (WTP: €68.14 [95% confidence interval: 54.55-85.08]) the most, followed by avoiding one hypoglycemic event/month (WTP: €54.80 [23.29-82.26]). Physicians valued avoiding one hypoglycemia/week (WTP: €287.18 [95% confidence interval: 160.31-1,387.21]) the most, followed by avoiding a 3 kg/6 months gain in bodyweight and decreasing cardiovascular risk (WTP: €166.87 [88.63-843.09] and €154.30 [98.13-434.19], respectively). Physicians and patients were willing to pay €125.92 (73.30-622.75) and €24.28 (18.41-30.31), respectively, to avoid a 1% increase in glycated hemoglobin, and €143.30 (73.39-543.62) and €42.74 (23.89-61.77) to avoid nausea. CONCLUSION Both patients and physicians in Spain and Portugal are willing to pay for the health benefits associated with improved diabetes treatment, the most important being to avoid hypoglycemia and gaining weight. Decreased cardiovascular risk and weight reduction became the third most valued attributes for physicians and patients, respectively.

VIP Connection Newsletter, April 2003, Vol. 3, no. 2

Iowa Lottery Authority Player Information Newsletter

p53-induced protein with a death domain (PIDD) isoforms differentially activate nuclear factor-kappaB and caspase-2 in response to genotoxic stress

Cells respond to DNA damage in a complex way and the fate of damaged cells depends on the balance between pro- and antiapoptotic signals. This is of crucial importance in cancer as genotoxic stress is implied both in oncogenesis and in classical tumor therapies. p53-induced protein with a death domain (PIDD), initially described as a p53-inducible gene, is one of the molecular switches able to activate a survival or apoptotic program. Two isoforms of PIDD, PIDD (isoform 1) and LRDD (isoform 2), have already been reported and we describe here a third isoform. These three isoforms are differentially expressed in tissues and cell lines. Genotoxic stress only affects PIDD isoform 3 mRNA levels, whereas isoforms 1 and 2 mRNA levels remain unchanged. All isoforms are capable of activating nuclear factor-kappaB in response to genotoxic stress, but only isoform 1 interacts with RIP-associated ICH-1/CED-3 homologous protein with a death domain and activates caspase-2. Isoform 2 counteracts the pro-apoptotic function of isoform 1, whereas isoform 3 enhances it. Thus, the differential splicing of PIDD mRNA leads to the formation of at least three proteins with antagonizing/agonizing functions, thereby regulating cell fate in response to DNA damage

Association of rs12255372 in theTCF7L2 gene with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis

Our objective was to evaluate the association of rs12255372 in theTCF7L2 gene with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the world population. We carried out a survey of the literature about the effect of rs12255372 on genetic susceptibility to T2DM by consulting PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase from 2006 to 2012, and then performed a meta-analysis of all the studies in order to evaluate the association between rs12255372 and T2DM. A total of 33 articles including 42 studies (with 34,076 cases and 36,192 controls) were confirmed to be eligible and were included in the final meta-analysis: 6 studies conducted on Europeans, 14 on Caucasians, 17 on Asians, 2 on Africans, and 3 on Americans. Overall, the effect size was as follows: for the variant allele T (OR = 1.387, 95%CI = 1.351-1.424), for the TT genotype (OR = 1.933, 95%CI = 1.815-2.057), for the GT genotype (OR = 1.363, 95%CI = 1.315-1.413), for the dominant model (OR = 1.425, 95%CI = 1.344-1.510), and for the recessive model (OR = 1.659, 95%CI = 1.563-1.761). In summary, by pooling all available qualified data from genetic studies on rs12255372 and T2DM, we have confirmed that rs12255372 is significantly associated with susceptibility to T2DM in the global population.

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Contient : 1° Traité du noble office d'armes de « SICILLE, herault, marischal d'armes du pays de Hainau » ; 2° « Le Traittié que fist ung tres sollemnel et notable chevalier, nommé maistre JEAN HERARD, touchant l'office d'armes », intercalé aux folios 25-27 ; 3° Sur un des feuillets de garde du commencement, une lettre de « JACQUES LE BOUCQ », de Valenciennes, novembre 1571

Iconografía musical infantil en el 2º ciclo de Educación Primaria.

El objetivo de la investigación es analizar las relaciones entre la música y su expresión plástica por niños de segundo ciclo de Primaria (8-10 años) a través de la audición de estímulos sonoros y obras musicales. Se ha realizado la investigación con una muestra de 138 niños de 3º y 4º de Educación Primaria en los Colegios Públicos Andrés Mellado, Cañada Real de Fuenlabrada y Collado Villalba, de la Comunidad de Madrid. Para la obtención de datos se ha utilizado la investigación documental, de campo o experimental. La documental, se apoya en fuentes como libros, artículos de revistas y periódicos. En la investigación de campo, la información proviene de observaciones de las muestras recogidas. Consiste en la observación, directa y en vivo, de objetos, comportamiento de personas o circunstancias. En este caso se ha utilizado la representación gráfica del sonido que es el objeto de estudio y representa además la fuente de información de la relación con el sonido que representa. Se concluye que, aunque la plástica y la música aparecen en el currículo englobadas en la misma área, a menudo están separadas, tratadas por distintos profesionales y sin apenas conexión. La investigación muestra las posibilidades que ofrece la unión de ambas formas de expresión hasta el punto de que la plástica se convierte en un medio de representación intuitiva de los parámetros musicales. En este estudio se constata que la relación "plástico-musical" existe y es captada por la mayoría de los niños sin apenas un entrenamiento auditivo pormenorizado.