Central nervous system drugs: Low temperature X-ray structures of (I) the base 5-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,4-diamino-6-fluoromethyl-pyrimidine (4030W92) and (II) 5-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-1-H-2,4-diamino-6-methyl-pyrimidine methanesulphonic acid salt (227C89)

The X-ray crystal structures of (I), the base 4030W92, 5-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,4-diamino-6-fluoromethyl-pyrimidine, C11H9Cl2FN4, and (II) 227C89, the methanesulphonic acid salt of 5-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-1-H-2,4-diamino-6-methyl-pyrimidine, C11H11Cl2N4 center dot CH3O3S, have been carried out at low temperature. A detailed comparison of the two structures is given. Structure (I) is non-centrosymmetric, crystallizing in space group P2(1) with unit cell a = 10.821(3), b = 8.290(3), c = 13.819(4) angstrom, beta = 105.980(6)degrees, V = 1191.8(6) angstrom(3), Z = 4 (two molecules per asymmetric unit) and density (calculated) = 1.600 mg/m(3). Structure (II) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P (1) over bar with unit cell a = 7.686(2), b = 8.233(2), c = 12.234(2) angstrom, alpha = 78.379(4), beta = 87.195(4), gamma = 86.811(4)degrees, V = 756.6(2) angstrom(3), Z = 2, density (calculated) = 1.603 mg/m(3). Final R indices [I > 2sigma(I)] are R1 = 0.0572, wR2 = 0.1003 for (I) and R1 = 0.0558, wR2 = 0.0982 for (II). R indices (all data) are R1 = 0.0983, wR2 = 0.1116 for (I) and R1 = 0.1009, wR2 = 0.1117 for (II). 5- Phenyl-2,4 diaminopyrimidine and 6-phenyl-1,2,4 triazine derivatives, which include lamotrigine (3,5-diamino-6-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazine), have been investigated for some time for their effects on the central nervous system. The three dimensional structures reported here form part of a newly developed data base for the detailed investigation of members of this structural series and their biological activities.

The impact of a computer based adult literacy program on literacy and numeracy : evidence from India

With over 700 million illiterate adults in the world, many governments have implemented adult literacy programs across the world, although typically with low rates of success partly because the quality of teaching is low. One solution may lie in the standardization of teaching provided by computer-aided instruction. We present the first rigorous evidence of the effectiveness of a computer-based adult literacy program. A randomized control trial study of TARA Akshar Plus, an Indian adult literacy program, was implemented in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. We find large, significant impacts of this computer-aided program on literacy and numeracy outcomes. We compare the improvement in learning to that of other traditional adult literacy programs and conclude that TARA Akshar Plus is effective in increasing literacy and numeracy for illiterate adult women.

Temporal and spatial patterns of soil water extraction and drought resistance among genotypes of a perennial C-4 grass

The objective of this study was to investigate patterns of soil water extraction and drought resistance among genotypes of bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) a perennial C-4 grass. Four wild Australian ecotypes (1-1, 25a1, 40-1, and 81-1) and four cultivars (CT2, Grand Prix, Legend, and Wintergreen) were examined in field experiments with rainfall excluded to monitor soil water extraction at 30-190 cm depths. In the study we defined drought resistance as the ability to maintain green canopy cover under drought. The most drought resistant genotypes (40-1 and 25a1) maintained more green cover (55-85% vs 5-10%) during water deficit and extracted more soil water (120-160 mm vs 77-107 mm) than drought sensitive genotypes, especially at depths from 50 to 110 cm, though all genotypes extracted water to 190 cm. The maintenance of green cover and higher soil water extraction were associated with higher stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate and relative water content. For all genotypes, the pattern of water use as a percentage of total water use was similar across depth and time We propose the observed genetic variation was related to different root characteristics (root length density, hydraulic conductivity, root activity) although shoot sensitivity to drying soil cannot be ruled out.

Lanthanide perchlorate complexes of picolinamide-N-oxide and 4-chloro pyridine 2-aldoxime-N-oxide

Abstract is not available.

Optical, Electrochemical, and Structural Properties of Spray Coated Dihexyl Substituted Poly (3,4 propylene dioxythiophene) Film for Optoelectronics Devices

The dihexyl substituted poly (3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) (PProDOT-Hx(2)) thin films uniformly deposited by cost effective spray coating technique on transparent conducting oxide coated substrates. The electro-optical properties of PProDOT-Hx(2) films were studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy that shows the color contrast about 45% with coloration efficiency of approximate to 185cm(2)/C. The electrochemical properties of PProDOT-Hx(2) films were studied by cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance techniques. The cyclic voltammogram shows that redox reaction of films are diffusion controlled and ions transportation will be faster on the polymer film at higher scan rate. Impedance spectra indicate that polymer films are showing interface charge transfer process as well as capacitive behavior between the electrode and electrolyte. The XRD of the PProDOT-Hx(2) thin films revealed that the films are in amorphous nature, which accelerates the transportation of ions during redox process.

Polo de Desarrollo de Artesanías de Colombia : Proyecto No. 4 : Taller Comunitario – Pereira (Risaralda).

21 hojas : plano.

Influence of spraying parameters on the electrochemical behaviour of HVOF thermally sprayed stainless steel coatings in 3.4% NaCl

Stainless steel coatings obtained by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) were characterized using optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro-analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), open-circuit potential (E-OC) measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarisation tests. Differences among coated steels were mainly related with the gun-substrate distance parameter (310 nm for samples A and B and 260 min for C and D). The open-circuit potential values measured for all the samples after 18 h of immersion in aerated and unstirred 3.4% NaCl solution were: - 0.334, - 0.360, - 0.379 and - 0.412 V vs. Ag/AgCl,KClsat. for samples A to D, respectively. For EIS measurements, Nyquist plots showed higher capacitive semi-circle for samples sprayed at longer distance, indicating higher corrosion resistance in NaCl solution. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

5a-Butyl-1,3,8,10-tetra-chloro-7,13-bis-(4-nitro-benzo-yl)-5a,6a,12a,12b-tetra-hydro-7H,13H-thieno[2,3-b:4,5-b']bis-(1,4-benzoxazine)

The title compound, C(34)H(24)Cl(4)N(4)O(8)S, is a linear penta-cyclic system formed of two substituted benzoxazinyl groups fused to 2-n-butyl-tetra-hydro-thio-phene. The oxazine ring, which is fused to the n-butyl-substituted side of the thio-phene ring, is in a boat conformation. The other fused oxazine ring and the tetra-hydro-thiene ring are each in an envelope conformation. The bridgehead C atom alpha to both the S and N atoms forms the flap of each envelope. This results in a twist of the penta-cyclic system such that the dihedral angle between the terminal dichloro-benzene rings is 82.92 (8)°. In the crystal, inversion-related mol-ecules form a weakly hydrogen-bonded dimer, with two C-H⋯O inter-actions between an H atom on the oxazine ring and an amide O atom. Additionally, C-H⋯O inter-actions occur between an H atom on a screw-related nitro-benzene ring and an O atom on the nitro-benzene ring of one mol-ecule. One of the Cl atoms and the butyl group are disordered over two sets of sites with occupancy ratios of 0.94 (2):0.06 (2) and 0.624 (4):0.376 (4), respectively.

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 16 - Korrespondenzen u.a. mit Gerhart Jacoby Gordon (p. I 8, 202-379)

2 Briefe von A. Gandon an Max Horkheimer, Februrar 1936; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Lloyd K. Garrison, 25.03.1941; 4 Briefe zwischen Moritz Geiger und Max Horkheimer, 01.12.1935, 1935; 1 Lebenslauf von Alvin Johnsson an Friedrich Pollock; 1 Brief von Alvon Johnson an Friedrich Pollock, 39.09.1940; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Harald Genssler, 04.09.1949; 1 Brief von der George Washington University Washington an Max Horkheimer, 01.03.1939; 2 Briefe von Wolfgang Gerloff an Max Horkheimer, 1934, 1939; 2 Briefe zwsichen Hans Gerth und Max Horkheimer, 28.10.1937, 16.11.1937; 1 Brief von M. Getzer anMax Horkheimer, 04.05.1934; 12 Briefe zwsichen Edgar V. M. Gilbert und Max Horkheimer, 1935-1940; 1 Brief von der Gillespie, Kinsports & Bears Travel Agency New York an Max Horkheimer, 16.04.1935; 1 Entwurf von Max Horkheimer an Morris Ginsberg, Dezember 1935; 19 Briefe zwsichen Morris Ginsberg, Ethel Ginsberg und Max Horkheimer, 1935-1938; 2 Briefe zwischen Robert Morrison MacIver und Max Horkheimer, 18.08.1937, 16.08.1937; 1 Brief von H. Girsberger an Max Horkheimer, 17.08.1938; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Glass, 24.12.1940; 1 Brief von der Glidden Buick Corporation New York an Max Horkheimer, 05.06.1940; 1 Heiratsanzeige von Vera Gold; 4 Briefe zwischen Oskar Goldberg und Max Horkheimer, 1941, 27.08.1941; 10 Briefe zwischen Hans Goldmann und Max Horkheimer, 1934-1937; 14 Briefe zwischen Alfons Goldschmidt und Max Horkheimer, 1936-1938; 7 Briefe zwsichen dem Greater New York Coordinating Committee for German Refugees, New York und Max Horkheimer, 1937-1939; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Simon Guggenheim, 24.01.1938; 3 Briefe zwischen Aron Goldschmidt und Max Horkheimer, 02.02.1939, Mai 1942; 2 Briefe zwischen Berta Goldschmidt und Max Horkheimer, 14.01.1941, 25.02.1941; 4 Briefe von Emma Goldschmidt an Juliette Favez, 1938-1940; 5 Briefe zwischen Emma Goldschmidt und Max Horkheimer, 1938-1940; 2 Briefe zwischen Ernst L. Goldschmidt und Max Horkheimer, 08.07.1937, 18.06.1937; 1 Brief von Thea Goldschmidt an Max Horkheimer, 16.04.1935; 14 Briefe zwischen Kurt Goldstein und Max Horkheimer, 1934-1941; 19 Briefe zwsichen Gerhart Jacoby Gordon und Max Horkheimer, 1934-1937;