[Iatrogenic preterm births and late preterm births of 340/7 to 366/7 - risks and chances]

Late preterm births with a gestational age of 340/7-366/7 are physiologically, anatomically and metabolically immature and develop medical complications significantly more frequently, have a high morbidity and an elevated mortality. Consideration of this knowledge will in future require new strategies for obstretric, peripartal and neonatal management options that take into account not only maternal risks and demands but also those of the infant.

Percepções de professores portugueses sobre educação sexual

OBJETIVO: Avaliar percepções e atitudes em relação à educação sexual entre professores portugueses do ensino básico e secundário. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 371 professores de ambos os sexos, do segundo e terceiro ciclos e do ensino secundário do continente Português, entre Fevereiro e Março de 2006. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de questionário, pela técnica bola de neve, constituído por duas partes; a primeira abordava dados sociodemográficos, caracterização profissional, crenças religiosas, formação e experiência em educação sexual em meio escolar. A segunda parte foi composta por escalas relativas a atitudes, importância atribuída a temas de educação sexual e nível de ensino para introduzir tópicos de educação sexual. A análise das diferenças entre géneros, entre professores com e sem experiência em educação sexual, e entre professores com e sem formação complementar na área foi efectuada pela análise de variância ANOVA. RESULTADOS: Os professores, no geral, revelaram quer atitude quer importância médias/altas em relação à educação sexual. Imagem corporal foi o único tópico que deveria ser introduzido no primeiro ciclo. As professoras [F(1;366)=7,772; p=0,006] por oposição aos professores, os professores com formação em educação sexual [F(1;351)=8,030; p=0,005], por oposição aos que não têm formação, e os com experiência em educação sexual em meio escolar [F(1;356)=30,836; p=0,000], por oposição aos sem experiência, revelaram uma atitude mais positiva em relação à educação sexual (M=39,5; 40,4; 41,3; respectivamente). Somente professores com mais formação atribuíram mais importância à educação sexual [F(1;351)=5,436;p=0,020] e as professoras propuseram introdução da educação sexual mais cedo [F(1;370)=5,412; p=0,021]. CONCLUSÕES: Os professores no geral são favoráveis à educação sexual em meio escolar. O fato de a maioria dos tópicos ficarem reservados para os segundo e terceiro ciclos pode não ser adequado, pois a educação sexual deve ser introduzida antes da manifestação de comportamentos sexuais.

Troubles de l'humeur et VIH: épidémiologie, clinique et prise en charge thérapeutique [Mood disorders in HIV patients: a challenge for liaison psychiatry consultation].

Mood disorders represent the most prevalent psychiatric condition in patients infected by HIV virus. Screening and treatment of depression as well as the evaluation of the risk suicide is of the utmost importance. When psychopharmacological treatment is required, interaction with antiretroviral treatment must be carefully considered. More generally a close collaboration between the physician and the psychiatrist is recommended.

Ammatti- ja vapaa-ajankalastus Kyrönjoella vuonna 2009

Kyrönjoen yläosan vesistötöiden vaikutusta joen ja suiston kalatalouteen selvitettiin vuoden 2009 vapaa-ajan- ja ammattikalastustiedusteluilla. Vapaa-ajankalastusta tiedusteltiin erikseen joki- ja suistoalueella satunnaisilta lähialueen kotitalouksilta ja alueella mökkejä omistavilta kotitalouksilta. Vapaa-ajan kalastusta koskeva postitiedustelu lähetettiin lähes 3100 kotitaloudelle, joista vastasi 68 %. Suistoalueen ammattikalastusta tiedusteltiin alueella asuvilta Maa- ja metsätalousministeriön ammattikalastajarekisteriin kuuluneilta kalastajilta. Aiemmin vastaavia kalastustiedusteluja on tehty vuosien 1996, 2000, 2003 ja 2006 kalastuksesta. Vuonna 2009 jokialueella oli kalastanut 8 % ja suistoalueella 25 % vastanneista kotitalouksista. Vastanneista ammattikalastajista 44 % (12 kpl) oli kalastanut suiston tutkimusalueella. Tiedustelualueella vapaa-ajankalastukseen osallistui noin 4600 henkilöä runsaasta 2600 ruokakunnasta. Jokialueella kalastus oli useimmiten jokamiehenoikeudella tapahtuvaa ongintaa tai pilkintää. Suistoalueella käytettiin sen sijaan paljon verkkoja ja vapaa-ajankalastus perustui yli puolella vastanneista osakaskunnalta hankittuun lupaan. Jokialueella vapaa-ajankalastajien saalis oli lähes 28 000 kg ja suistoalueella runsaat 55 000 kg. Suistoalueelta saatu ammattikalastajien saalis oli runsaat 35 000 kg. Ammattikalastajien kokonaissaalis ja kalastajakohtainen saalis vähenivät merkittävästi vuodesta 2006 vuoteen 2009 rysillä tapahtuneen kuorepyynnin loppumisen takia. Kuoretta ei vuonna 2009 pyydetty menekin puutteen takia, kun paikallinen rehutehdas lopetti toimintansa. Rysillä on aiempina vuosina saatu yli 90 % ammattikalastuksen kokonaissaaliista, mutta vuonna 2009 rysillä saatiin saaliista noin puolet. Vuonna 2009 made oli arvokkain saalislaji suiston vapaa-ajankalastuksessa, siika suiston ammattikalastuksessa ja hauki jokialueen vapaa-ajankalastuksessa kalastajahinnoilla laskettuna.

Efecto del régimen de riego en el rendimiento de alfalfa para corte en el Valle Central de Catamarca, Argentina

En la provincia de Catamarca existe una gran superficie cultivada con alfalfa bajo riego. La falta de conocimiento de los requerimientos hídricos del cultivo en esta zona es un grave inconveniente. Con el objeto de subsanar este problema, se realizó en el Valle Central un ensayo de riego con un diseño en bloques completamente al azar, con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Los tratamientos consistieron en la reposición de humedad al suelo a distintos umbrales: 75, 50, 25 y 0% de la capacidad de almacenamiento total de agua del suelo. Se evaluó la producción de materia seca en cada tratamiento durante siete cortes. Los resultados mostraron que al regar con un umbral del 75 o del 50% se obtienen rendimientos promedio similares de materia seca: 25.674,4 kg.ha-1.año-1 y 24.215,4 kg.ha-1.año-1 respectivamente. El trabajo muestra que hay diferencias significativas (p < 0,0001) entre las medias de estos tratamientos con respecto a los otros dos, que tienen rendimientos inferiores: 16.366,7 kg.ha-1.año-1 para el umbral de riego del 25% y de 9.970,9 kg.ha-1.año-1 para un umbral del 0%. Se concluyó que la producción del cultivo disminuye considerablemente con intervalos de riego muy prolongados.

Lottery Action, October 7-20, 2002 Vol. 9 no. 19

Newsletter for Iowa Lottery

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide along the Transatlantic section from 7 November till 19 December 2000

Along a transatlantic section from 57°N to 60°S that was carried out from November 7 till December 19, 2000 on board R/V Horizont II concentrations of CO2 were measured in the near-water layer of the air and differences between partial pressures in water and air in various climatic zones were calculated. It was shown that variations of CO2 concentrations in the near-water layer of air and those of values of water-air partial pressure difference were from 324x10**-6 to 426x10**-6 and from 150x10**-6 to 100x10**-6 atm, respectively. Maximum value of CO2 partial pressure in air in the near-water layer (426x10**-6 atm) was noted at 45°-47°N; minimum of 324x10**-6 atm was found in Antarctica at 59°S. During measurenents maximum value of CO2 partial pressure difference in water and air (150 x10**-6) was observed at 45°-48°N; maximum flux in this case was directed from the atmosphere to water. Maximum value of CO2 partial pressure difference in water and air for flux directed from the ocean to air (100 x10**-6) was observed at 59°-60°S. Comparison of calculated values of partial pressure difference in water and air with previous data points to more intense exchange of CO2 between the ocean and atmosphere during the survey period was considered. According to values of CO2 partial pressure difference in air and water as compared to 1975, exchange intensity in the Northern Hemisphere (absorption from the atmosphere) increased. A well-pronounced latitudinal effect of distribution of CO2 partial pressure in air was observed. Along the route variations in CO2 concentrations in zones of water divergence and convergence were registered.

Occurrence of hiatuses PH and NH 1 through NH 7 in DSDP holes

Miocene paleoceanographic evolution exhibits major changes resulting from the opening and closing of passages, the subsequent changes in oceanic circulation, and development of major Antarctic glaciation. The consequences and timing of these events can be observed in variations in the distribution of deep-sea hiatuses, sedimentation patterns, and biogeographic distribution of planktic organisms. The opening of the Drake Passage in the latest Oligocene to early Miocene (25-20 Ma) resulted in the establishment of the deep circumpolar current, which led to thermal isolation of Antarctica and increased global cooling. This development was associated with a major turnover in planktic organisms, resulting in the evolution of Neogene assemblages and the eventual extinction of Paleogene assemblages. The erosive patterns of two widespread hiatuses (PH, 23.0-22.5 Ma; and NH 1, 20-18 Ma) indicate that a deep circumequatorial circulation existed at this time, characterized by a broad band of carbonate-ooze deposition. Siliceous sedimentation was restricted to the North Atlantic and a narrow band around Antarctica. A major reorganization in deep-sea sedimentation and hiatus distribution patterns occurred near the early/middle Miocene boundary, apparently resulting from changes in oceanic circulation. Beginning at this time, deep-sea erosion occurred throughout the Caribbean (hiatus NH 2, 16-15 Ma), suggesting disruption of the deep circumequatorial circulation and northward deflection of deep currents, and/or intensification of the Gulf Stream. Sediment distribution patterns changed dramatically with the sudden appearance of siliceous-ooze deposition in the marginal and east equatorial North Pacific by 16.0 to 15.5 Ma, coincident with the decline of siliceous sedimentation in the North Atlantic. This silica switch may have been caused by the introduction of Norwegian Overflow Water into the North Atlantic acting as a barrier to outcropping of silica-rich Antarctic Bottom Water. The main aspects of the present oceanic circulation system and sediment distribution pattern were established by 13.5 to 12.5 Ma (hiatus NH 3), coincident with the establishment of a major East Antarctic ice cap. Antarctic glaciation resulted in a broadening belt of siliceous-ooze deposition around Antarctica, increased siliceous sedimentation in the marginal and east equatorial North Pacific and Indian Oceans, and further northward restriction of siliceous sediments in the North Atlantic. Periodic cool climatic events were accompanied by lower eustatic sea levels and widespread deep-sea erosion at 12 to 11 Ma (NH 4), 10 to 9 Ma (NH 5), 7.5 to 6.2 Ma (NH 6), and 5.2 to 4.7 Ma (NH 7).