El invento de los derechos de aduana deducibles

Esta obra trata de forma innovadora sobre el descubrimiento de una nueva tecnología aduanera: los derechos de aduana deducibles. El punto de partida es una radiografía de la problemática de la mundialización económica y financiera que constituye un desafío para todos los gobiernos. El comercio internacional es libre, sin derechos de aduana. Sin embargo, los costos sociales, fiscales, medioambientales y de producción son inequitativos. En este contexto, el FIREF ha creado una herramienta que permite tratar las asimetrías económicas planetarias: un derecho de aduana de nueva generación.

Los derechos de aduana aproximación a una definición

El estudio de los derechos de aduana se aborda inicialmente a través de la definición que sobre los mismos efectúa el artículo primero del Decreto 2685 de 1999, denominado Estatuto Aduanero de Colombia, artículo que, como es usual en materia aduanera, comprende ciertas definiciones para la aplicación del mismo y enfatizando que las expresiones usadas en dicha compilación aduanera, tendrán el significado que ahí se determina.

Acoustic and optical phonon dynamics from femtosecond time-resolved optical spectroscopy of the superconducting iron pnictide Ca(Fe0.944Co0.056)(2)As-2

We report the temperature evolution of coherently excited acoustic and optical phonon dynamics in the superconducting iron pnictide single crystal Ca(Fe0.944Co0.056)(2)As-2 across the spin density wave transition at T-SDW similar to 85 K and the superconducting transition at T-SC similar to 20 K. The strain pulse propagation model applied to the generation of the acoustic phonons yields the temperature dependence of the optical constants, and longitudinal and transverse sound velocities in the temperature range from 3.1 K to 300 K. The frequency and dephasing times of the phonons show anomalous temperature dependence below T-SC indicating a coupling of these low-energy excitations with the Cooper-pair quasiparticles. A maximum in the amplitude of the acoustic modes at T similar to 170 is seen, attributed to spin fluctuations and strong spin-lattice coupling before T-SDW. Copyright (c) EPLA, 2012

Ultrafast quasiparticle relaxation dynamics in superconducting iron pnictide Ca(Fe0.944Co0.056)(2)As-2

Nonequilibrium quasiparticle relaxation dynamics is reported in superconducting Ca(Fe0.944Co0.056)(2)As-2 single crystals by measuring transient reflectivity changes using femtosecond time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy. Large changes in the temperature-dependent differential reflectivity values in the vicinity of the spin density wave (T-SDW) and superconducting (T-SC) transition temperatures of the sample have been inferred to have charge gap opening at those temperatures. We have estimated the zero-temperature charge gap value in the superconducting state to be similar to 1.8k(B)T(SC) and an electron-phonon coupling constant lambda of similar to 0.1 in the normal state that signifies the weak coupling in iron pnictides. From the peculiar temperature-dependence of the quasiparticle dynamics in the intermediate temperature region between T-SC and T-SDW we infer a temperature scale where the charge gap associated with the spin ordered phase is maximum and closes on either side while approaching the two phase transition temperatures.

Teología, 1990, Tomo XXVII nº 056 (número completo)

La “primera evangelización” y sus lecturas. Desafíos a la “nueva evangelización” / Rubén D. García -- Sabiduría cristiana y cultura moderna / Eduardo Briancesco -- El pluralismo religioso en la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Fe declarada y clero entre 1869-1910 / Néstor Tomás Auza -- La primera delegación oficial de la Santa Sede ante la confederación argentina (1857-1865) / Clara Freitag -- Crónica de la facultad -- Notas bibliográficas – Índice volumen XXVII

Adequação orçamentária e financeira do Projeto de Lei nº 6.705, de 2009, e do apensado, Projeto de Lei nº 4.343, de 2012

Analisa aspectos do Projeto de Lei N° 6.705, de 2009, oriundo do Senado Federal, que propõe a isenção do Imposto sobre Produtos Industrializados - IPI, assim como a redução a zero da alíquota da Contribuição para o Financiamento da Seguridade Social - COFINS, incidentes sobre produtos escolares de fabricação nacional identificados por meio de seus respectivos códigos na Tabela de Incidência do IPI - TIPI.

Diário da Constituinte [gravação de vídeo] : [programa n. 343]

Ulysses quer evitar cenas de violência no plenário da Constituinte, como a que ocorreu durante a votação sobre a mudança do regimento. O grupo dos 32 ser reúne para analisar as propostas e para apresentar as emendas, destas as que se destacam são sobre a seguridade social.

Solubility of carbon dioxide, ethane, methane, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, argon, and carbon monoxide in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate between temperatures 283 K and 343 K and at pressures close to atmospheric

Experimental values for the solubility of carbon dioxide, ethane, methane, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, argon and carbon monoxide in 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, [bmim][BF4] - a room temperature ionic liquid - are reported as a function of temperature between 283 K and 343 K and at pressures close to atmospheric. Carbon dioxide is the most soluble gas with mole fraction solubilities of the order of 10-2. Ethane and methane are one order of magnitude more soluble than the other five gases that have mole fraction solubilities of the order of 10-4. Hydrogen is the less soluble of the gaseous solutes studied. From the variation of solubility, expressed as Henry's law constants, with temperature, the partial molar thermodynamic functions of solvation such as the standard Gibbs energy, the enthalpy, and the entropy are calculated. The precision of the experimental data, considered as the average absolute deviation of the Henry's law constants from appropriate smoothing equations is of 1%. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.