Balance del derecho electoral colombiano

La razón de ser de la obra Balance del derecho electoral colombiano es la necesidad de analizar, con una visión política, sociológica y jurídica, el reto de transformar al elector en ciudadano; así como evidenciar los problemas que aquejan actualmente nuestro derecho electoral, estos son los ejes temáticos de la investigación. En esa medida, se profundiza en la legalidad y la eficacia del voto, reflexionando específicamente sobre la aprocrificidad, los fraudes electorales y los errores matemáticos que se pueden presentar en las elecciones. Asimismo, se analizan las causales de perdida de investidura como uno de los mecanismos para moralizar y depurar la conformación de las corporaciones de elección popular. Se ubica nuestro sistema electoral bajo el entendido de la existencia de medidas institucionales que favorezcan el acuerdo y la creación de condiciones para que los ciudadanos acepten como validas las decisiones que se adoptan en virtud de dichos procesos institucionales. En consecuencia, a demás de contextualizar el tema en el derecho comparado, se profundiza en la relación que existe entre la democracia, representación y sistemas electorales. Además, se hace una reflexión novedosa sobre la reforma político electoral de 2003, teniendo en cuenta la elección senatorial de 2006. Desde una perspectiva histórica, se analiza la forma de garantizar el principio de igualdad, la transparencia y la objetividad en la decisión expresada por los votos, a través de una organización electoral que debe proyectar ante la sociedad confianza y credibilidad en los procesos electorales. Se ofrece también el análisis sobre la relación imprescindible que existe en las democracias contemporáneas entre la política y la comunicación, soportada por las modernas técnicas de información y comunicación masiva y que ha originado, dentro de la democracia electrónica, el voto electrónico, el cual es un imperativo constitucional y legal para el país, en el contesto de nuestro avance tecnológico y el diagnostico del estado actual de nuestra democracia, se aportan las posibles ventajas y desventajas que puede conllevar la utilización de métodos electrónicos para expresar el sufragio. Además, se destaca la importancia de las encuestas de opinión en los procesos electorales.

Search for very high energy Gamma radiation from the Starburst Galaxy IC 342

This thesis describes a search for very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission from the starburst galaxy IC 342. The analysis was based on data from the 2003 — 2004 observing season recorded using the Whipple 10-metre imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope located on Mount Hopkins in southern Arizona. IC 342 may be classed as a non-blazar type galaxy and to date only a few such galaxies (M 87, Cen A, M 82 and NGC 253) have been detected as VHE gamma-ray sources. Analysis of approximately 24 hours of good quality IC 342 data, consisting entirely of ON/OFF observations, was carried out using a number of methods (standard Supercuts, optimised Supercuts, scaled optimised Supercuts and the multivariate kernel analysis technique). No evidence for TeV gamma-ray emission from IC 342 was found. The significance was 0.6 a with a nominal rate of 0.04 ± 0.06 gamma rays per minute. The flux upper limit above 600 GeV (at 99.9 % confidence) was determined to be 5.5 x 10-8 m-2 s-1, corresponding to 8 % of the Crab Nebula flux in the same energy range.

A surgery for American cuteneous and visceral leishmaniasis among 1,342 dogs from areas in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) where the human diseases occur

There are areas in the periphery of Rio de Janeiro city where human cases of Visceral and/or Cutaneous Leishmaniasis occur. The parasites have been identified as Leishmania donovani and Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis respectively. A survey for Leishmaniasis was done among 1,342 dogs from those areas using an indirect immunofluorescent test. From the dogs, 616 came from areas where only human cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis occurred, 373 from an area where all human cases were of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and 353 from a third area (Campo Grande) where both visceral and cutaneous human cases were detected. The prevalence of parasite antibody titers among dogs from areas of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis was significantly higher than that of Visceral Leishmaniasis (8.6% vs. 4.3%, p < 0.02). The highest prevalence was observed among dogs from the area where both diseases are present (12.7%).

Use of GPS for Photogrammetry, HR-342, 1993

Five test flights were conducted to study the use of Global Positioning System (GPS) in Photogrammetry, three in Iowa, one each in California and Texas. These tests show that GPS can be used to establish ground control by the static method and to determine camera location by the kinematic method. In block triangulation, six GPS controls are required and additional elevation control along the centerline is also required in strip triangulation. The camera location determined by aerial triangulation depends on the scale of the photography. The 1:3000 scale photography showed that the absolute accuracy of the camera location by GPS is better than five centimeters. The 1:40000 scale photography showed that the relative accuracy of the camera location by GPS is about one millimeter. In a strip triangulation elevation control is required in addition to the camera location by GPS. However, for block triangulation camera location by GPS is sufficient. Pre-targeting of pass and tie points gives the best results in both block and strip triangulation. In normal mapping for earth work computations the use of 1:6000 scale photography with GPS control instead of 1:3000 scale is recommended. It is recommended that research be done in the use of GPS for navigation in aerial photographic missions. It is highly recommended that research be done in the use of GPS to determine tip and tilt of the aerial camera, that is required in stereoplotting.

Les diplômés – no 342, avril 1983

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Discussion on the limit cycles of the Lev Ginzburg equation by M. Bellamy and R.E. Mickens, Journal of Sound and Vibration 308 (2007) 337-342

The authors M. Bellamy and R.E. Mickens in the article "Hopf bifurcation analysis of the Lev Ginzburg equation" published in Journal of Sound and Vibration 308 (2007) 337-342, claimed that this differential equation in the plane can exhibit a limit cycle. Here we prove that the Lev Ginzburg differential equation has no limit cycles. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.