La guerra de Irak 2003: los interés ocultos de las multinacionales petroleras y su influencia en los miembros permanentes del consejo de seguridad de la ONU

El presente estudio de caso tiene como objetivo mostrar el vínculo que hay entre las multinacionales petroleras y las decisiones que tomaron los cinco miembros permantes del Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU (China, Rusia, Francia, Estados Unidos y Reino Unido) a comienzos del año 2003. Para ello se comparara las posiciones que tomó cada Estado, respecto al proyecto de resolución de la guerra contra Irak, con los intereses de sus multinacionales petroleras. Lo anterior, con el fin de comprobar que debido al gran poder económico que tienen las petroleras, éstas ejercen influencia en las decisiones políticas que toma el Estado y, no solo influyen estatalmente sino que logran permear otros escenarios como el Consejo de Seguridad. Por ello se evaluara el papel que cumple la facultad de veto en la aprobación de resoluciones concernientes a la guerra de Irak.

Welfare Effort and Poverty from the Monetary and Capabilities Approach: A Cross-Country Analysis in Latin American and the Caribbean (1990-2010)

There is abundant empirical evidence on the negative relationship between welfare effort and poverty. However, poverty indicators traditionally used have been representative of the monetary approach, excluding its multidimensional reality from the analysis. Using three regression techniques for the period 1990-2010 and controlling for demographic and cyclical factors, this paper examines the relationship between social spending per capita —as the indicator of welfare effort— and poverty in up to 21 countries of the region. The proportion of the population with an income below its national basic basket of goods and services (PM1) and the proportion of population with an income below 50% of the median income per capita (PM2) were the two poverty indicators considered from the monetarist approach to measure poverty. From the capability approach the proportion of the population with food inadequacy (PC1) and the proportion of the population without access to improved water sources or sanitation facilities (PC2) were used. The fi ndings confi rm that social spending is actually useful to explain changes in poverty (PM1, PC1 and PC2), as there is a high negative and signifi cant correlation between the variables before and after controlling for demographic and cyclical factors. In two regression techniques, social spending per capita did not show a negative relationship with the PM2. Countries with greater welfare effort for the period 1990-2010 were not necessarily those with the lowest level of poverty. Ultimately social spending per capita was more useful to explain changes in poverty from the capability approach.

Prognostic value of sentinel node biopsy in 327 prospective melanoma patients from a single institution

AIM: To confirm the accuracy of sentinel node biopsy (SNB) procedure and its morbidity, and to investigate predictive factors for SN status and prognostic factors for disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between October 1997 and December 2004, 327 consecutive patients in one centre with clinically node-negative primary skin melanoma underwent an SNB by the triple technique, i.e. lymphoscintigraphy, blue-dye and gamma-probe. Multivariate logistic regression analyses as well as the Kaplan-Meier were performed. RESULTS: Twenty-three percent of the patients had at least one metastatic SN, which was significantly associated with Breslow thickness (p<0.001). The success rate of SNB was 99.1% and its morbidity was 7.6%. With a median follow-up of 33 months, the 5-year DFS/DSS were 43%/49% for patients with positive SN and 83.5%/87.4% for patients with negative SN, respectively. The false-negative rate of SNB was 8.6% and sensitivity 91.4%. On multivariate analysis, DFS was significantly worsened by Breslow thickness (RR=5.6, p<0.001), positive SN (RR=5.0, p<0.001) and male sex (RR=2.9, p=0.001). The presence of a metastatic SN (RR=8.4, p<0.001), male sex (RR=6.1, p<0.001), Breslow thickness (RR=3.2, p=0.013) and ulceration (RR=2.6, p=0.015) were significantly associated with a poorer DSS. CONCLUSION: SNB is a reliable procedure with high sensitivity (91.4%) and low morbidity. Breslow thickness was the only statistically significant parameter predictive of SN status. DFS was worsened in decreasing order by Breslow thickness, metastatic SN and male gender. Similarly DSS was significantly worsened by a metastatic SN, male gender, Breslow thickness and ulceration. These data reinforce the SN status as a powerful staging procedure

Sanción para el acreedor por el desvío de recursos del crédito refaccionario según el artículo 327 de la LGTOC

Tesis ( Maestría en Derecho Mercantil) U.A.N.L.

Índice bibliográfico de la revista de educación de los números 327-329 y número extraordinario año 2002.

Contiene cuatro tipos de índices que facilitan la búsqueda de los artículos incluidos en los números 327 a 329. Estos índices agrupan los artículos por las notaciones de la Clasificación Decimal Universal (CDU) y por orden alfabético de autores, títulos y descriptores.

Determinação de enxofre em amostras agroindustriais por espectrometria de absorção molecular com fonte contínua e alta resolução

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Ms.Ff.F.Stoltze 3. 327 - Brief von Friedrich Stoltze an Emil Claar

Sein Festspiel (100 Jahre Stadttheater), Dank für die Aufführung

Na 50 Nachlass Arthur Schopenhauer - 'Schopenhauer-Archiv', 955 - Mitteilung über die Beendigung des Streites mit Jules Lunteschütz über das Gemälde Schopenhauer

u.a. Anfertigung eines weiteren Gemäldes Schopenhauers;

Na 50 Nachlass Arthur Schopenhauer - 'Schopenhauer-Archiv', 327 - Dankesschreiben an Professor Hugo von Meltzl wegen der zugesandten Bibliographie und Bitte um Erwerb von bereits vergriffener Sekundärliteratur

u.a.: Ferdinand Laban; Arthur Schopenhauer;