Formación postgradual en el área cardiopulmonar en Brasil

Este proyecto de Aplicación Práctica (PAP) presenta el perfil de formación y de desempeño del fisioterapeuta del Brasil, específicamente en la ciudad de Sao Paulo, en el área Neumofuncional. Lo anterior surge como producto de la oportunidad de realizar los programas Académicos de Campo en Rehabilitación Cardiaca y Rehabilitación Pulmonar en el Centro de Rehabilitación Cardiopulmonar Lar Escola San Francisco de la Universidad Federal de Sao Paulo UNIFESP en el Instituto de Corazón y Pulmón (INCOR) de la Universidad de Sao Paulo (USP) durante un período de cuatro meses.

Intelectuales y pueblo : Una mirada desde publicaciones de izquierda en los años '50 y '60

Entre fines de la década del '50 y principios de la década siguiente, numerosas publicaciones literarias, culturales y políticas surgieron en la Argentina. Estas revistas fueron promovidas principalmente por una generación naciente que, luego del derrocamiento del segundo gobierno del General Perón, modificaría su interpretación de la realidad Argentina en general y del peronismo en particular mostrando su visión, en muchos casos, a través de las páginas de esas publicaciones. El presente trabajo va a hacer foco en Contorno, Situación y Pasado y Presente, tres revistas político-culturales realizadas principalmente por grupos de jóvenes intelectuales de izquierda en las décadas del ?50 y ?60. Estos grupos promovían posturas críticas y de ruptura con las tradiciones e ideas de sus círculos o partidos de orígenes. El objetivo que se persigue en el análisis de esas revistas es intentar explicar la búsqueda de unidad entre esas juventudes de izquierda y los sectores trabajadores que, en su gran mayoría, se reconocían como peronistas; identificando en esa indagación los principales actores, sus prácticas y formas discursivas, los conflictos y tensiones generados al interior de sus grupos de referencia o partidos de origen y las influencias que motivaban el accionar. Para ello se utilizará, además de las nombradas revistas, bibliografía sobre el período, diarios y fuentes documentales de la época

Intelectuales y pueblo : Una mirada desde publicaciones de izquierda en los años '50 y '60

Entre fines de la década del '50 y principios de la década siguiente, numerosas publicaciones literarias, culturales y políticas surgieron en la Argentina. Estas revistas fueron promovidas principalmente por una generación naciente que, luego del derrocamiento del segundo gobierno del General Perón, modificaría su interpretación de la realidad Argentina en general y del peronismo en particular mostrando su visión, en muchos casos, a través de las páginas de esas publicaciones. El presente trabajo va a hacer foco en Contorno, Situación y Pasado y Presente, tres revistas político-culturales realizadas principalmente por grupos de jóvenes intelectuales de izquierda en las décadas del ?50 y ?60. Estos grupos promovían posturas críticas y de ruptura con las tradiciones e ideas de sus círculos o partidos de orígenes. El objetivo que se persigue en el análisis de esas revistas es intentar explicar la búsqueda de unidad entre esas juventudes de izquierda y los sectores trabajadores que, en su gran mayoría, se reconocían como peronistas; identificando en esa indagación los principales actores, sus prácticas y formas discursivas, los conflictos y tensiones generados al interior de sus grupos de referencia o partidos de origen y las influencias que motivaban el accionar. Para ello se utilizará, además de las nombradas revistas, bibliografía sobre el período, diarios y fuentes documentales de la época

Intelectuales y pueblo : Una mirada desde publicaciones de izquierda en los años '50 y '60

Entre fines de la década del '50 y principios de la década siguiente, numerosas publicaciones literarias, culturales y políticas surgieron en la Argentina. Estas revistas fueron promovidas principalmente por una generación naciente que, luego del derrocamiento del segundo gobierno del General Perón, modificaría su interpretación de la realidad Argentina en general y del peronismo en particular mostrando su visión, en muchos casos, a través de las páginas de esas publicaciones. El presente trabajo va a hacer foco en Contorno, Situación y Pasado y Presente, tres revistas político-culturales realizadas principalmente por grupos de jóvenes intelectuales de izquierda en las décadas del ?50 y ?60. Estos grupos promovían posturas críticas y de ruptura con las tradiciones e ideas de sus círculos o partidos de orígenes. El objetivo que se persigue en el análisis de esas revistas es intentar explicar la búsqueda de unidad entre esas juventudes de izquierda y los sectores trabajadores que, en su gran mayoría, se reconocían como peronistas; identificando en esa indagación los principales actores, sus prácticas y formas discursivas, los conflictos y tensiones generados al interior de sus grupos de referencia o partidos de origen y las influencias que motivaban el accionar. Para ello se utilizará, además de las nombradas revistas, bibliografía sobre el período, diarios y fuentes documentales de la época

A comparison of the hazard perception ability of matched groups of healthy drivers aged 35 to 55, 65 to 74, and 75 to 84 years

We examined differences in response latencies obtained during a validated video-based hazard perception driving test between three healthy, community-dwelling groups: 22 mid-aged (35-55 years), 34 young-old (65-74 years), and 23 old-old (75-84 years) current drivers, matched for gender, education level, and vocabulary. We found no significant difference in performance between mid-aged and young-old groups, but the old-old group was significantly slower than the other two groups. The differences between the old-old group and the other groups combined were independently mediated by useful field of view (UFOV), contrast sensitivity, and simple reaction time measures. Given that hazard perception latency has been linked with increased crash risk, these results are consistent with the idea that increased crash risk in older adults could be a function of poorer hazard perception, though this decline does not appear to manifest until age 75+ in healthy drivers.

Micro-family-owned business : transitory survival mechanism or long term wealth creator?

Principal Topic: Entrepreneurship is key to employment, innovation and growth (Acs & Mueller, 2008), and as such, has been the subject of tremendous research in both the economic and management literatures since Solow (1957), Schumpeter (1934, 1943), and Penrose (1959). The presence of entrepreneurs in the economy is a key factor in the success or failure of countries to grow (Audretsch and Thurik, 2001; Dejardin, 2001). Further studies focus on the conditions of existence of entrepreneurship, influential factors invoked are historical, cultural, social, institutional, or purely economic (North, 1997; Thurik 1996 & 1999). Of particular interest, beyond the reasons behind the existence of entrepreneurship, are entrepreneurial survival and good ''performance'' factors. Using cross-country firm data analysis, La Porta & Schleifer (2008) confirm that informal micro-businesses provide on average half of all economic activity in developing countries. They find that these are utterly unproductive compared to formal firms, and conclude that the informal sector serves as a social security net ''keep[ing] millions of people alive, but disappearing over time'' (abstract). Robison (1986), Hill (1996, 1997) posit that the Indonesian government under Suharto always pointed to the lack of indigenous entrepreneurship , thereby motivating the nationalisation of all industries. Furthermore, the same literature also points to the fact that small businesses were mostly left out of development programmes because they were supposed less productive and having less productivity potential than larger ones. Vial (2008) challenges this view and shows that small firms represent about 70% of firms, 12% of total output, but contribute to 25% of total factor productivity growth on average over the period 1975-94 in the industrial sector (Table 10, p.316). ---------- Methodology/Key Propositions: A review of the empirical literature points at several under-researched questions. Firstly, we assess whether there is, evidence of small family-business entrepreneurship in Indonesia. Secondly, we examine and present the characteristics of these enterprises, along with the size of the sector, and its dynamics. Thirdly, we study whether these enterprises underperform compared to the larger scale industrial sector, as it is suggested in the literature. We reconsider performance measurements for micro-family owned businesses. We suggest that, beside productivity measures, performance could be appraised by both the survival probability of the firm, and by the amount of household assets formation. We compare micro-family-owned and larger industrial firms' survival probabilities after the 1997 crisis, their capital productivity, then compare household assets of families involved in business with those who do not. Finally, we examine human and social capital as moderators of enterprises' performance. In particular, we assess whether a higher level of education and community participation have an effect on the likelihood of running a family business, and whether it has an impact on households' assets level. We use the IFLS database compiled and published by RAND Corporation. The data is a rich community, households, and individuals panel dataset in four waves: 1993, 1997, 2000, 2007. We now focus on the waves 1997 and 2000 in order to investigate entrepreneurship behaviours in turbulent times, i.e. the 1997 Asian crisis. We use aggregate individual data, and focus on households data in order to study micro-family-owned businesses. IFLS data covers roughly 7,600 households in 1997 and over 10,000 households in 2000, with about 95% of 1997 households re-interviewed in 2000. Households were interviewed in 13 of the 27 provinces as defined before 2001. Those 13 provinces were targeted because accounting for 83% of the population. A full description of the data is provided in Frankenberg and Thomas (2000), and Strauss et alii (2004). We deflate all monetary values in Rupiah with the World Development Indicators Consumer Price Index base 100 in 2000. ---------- Results and Implications: We find that in Indonesia, entrepreneurship is widespread and two thirds of households hold one or several family businesses. In rural areas, in 2000, 75% of households run one or several businesses. The proportion of households holding both a farm and a non farm business is higher in rural areas, underlining the reliance of rural households on self-employment, especially after the crisis. Those businesses come in various sizes from very small to larger ones. The median business production value represents less than the annual national minimum wage. Figures show that at least 75% of farm businesses produce less than the annual minimum wage, with non farm businesses being more numerous to produce the minimum wage. However, this is only one part of the story, as production is not the only ''output'' or effect of the business. We show that the survival rate of those businesses ranks between 70 and 82% after the 1997 crisis, which contrasts with the 67% survival rate for the formal industrial sector (Ter Wengel & Rodriguez, 2006). Micro Family Owned Businesses might be relatively small in terms of production, they also provide stability in times of crisis. For those businesses that provide business assets figures, we show that capital productivity is fairly high, with rates that are ten times higher for non farm businesses. Results show that households running a business have larger family assets, and households are better off in urban areas. We run a panel logit model in order to test the effect of human and social capital on the existence of businesses among households. We find that non farm businesses are more likely to appear in households with higher human and social capital situated in urban areas. Farm businesses are more likely to appear in lower human capital and rural contexts, while still being supported by community participation. The estimation of our panel data model confirm that households are more likely to have higher family assets if situated in urban area, the higher the education level, the larger the assets, and running a business increase the likelihood of having larger assets. This is especially true for non farm businesses that have a clearly larger and more significant effect on assets than farm businesses. Finally, social capital in the form of community participation also has a positive effect on assets. Those results confirm the existence of a strong entrepreneurship culture among Indonesian households. Investigating survival rates also shows that those businesses are quite stable, even in the face of a violent crisis such as the 1997 one, and as a result, can provide a safety net. Finally, considering household assets - the returns of business to the household, rather than profit or productivity - the returns of business to itself, shows that households running a business are better off. While we demonstrate that uman and social capital are key to business existence, survival and performance, those results open avenues for further research regarding the factors that could hamper growth of those businesses in terms of output and employment.

Corrigendum to “Shifting : one-inclusion mistake bounds and sample compression” [J. Comput. System Sci. 75 (1) (2009) 37–59]

H. Simon and B. Szörényi have found an error in the proof of Theorem 52 of “Shifting: One-inclusion mistake bounds and sample compression”, Rubinstein et al. (2009). In this note we provide a corrected proof of a slightly weakened version of this theorem. Our new bound on the density of one-inclusion hypergraphs is again in terms of the capacity of the multilabel concept class. Simon and Szörényi have recently proved an alternate result in Simon and Szörényi (2009).

Projecting the U.S. gender wage gap 2000–40

This paper projects the gender wage gap for 25–64 year old Americans for the period 2000–40. The analysis uses data from the Panel Survey of Income Dynamics (PSID) for 1995 and 1996 together with the U.S. Census Bureau demographic projections. The method combines the population projections with assumptions regarding the evolution of educational attainment in order to first project the future distribution of skills and, based on these projections, the future size of the gender wage gap. The main set of projections suggests that changing skill characteristics—specifically educational attainment—will continue to close the gender wage gap. However, even in 2040, a substantial pay gap of at least 75 percent of the size of that in 1995 will remain.