Aerobic profile of climbers during maximal arm test

This study compared measurements of upper body aerobic fitness in elite (EC; n = 7) and intermediate rock climbers (IC; n = 7), and a control group (C; n = 7). Subjects underwent an upper limb incremental test on hand cycle ergometer, with increments of 23 W.min(-1), until exhaustion. Ventilation (VE) data were smoothed to 10 s averages and plotted against time for the visual determination of the first (VT1) and second (VT2) ventilatory thresholds. Peak power output was not different among groups [EC = 130.9 (+/- 11.8) W; IC = 122.1 (+/- 28.4) W; C = 115.4 (+/- 15.1) W], but time to exhaustion was significantly higher in EC than IC and C. VO(2PEAK) was significantly higher in EC [36.8 (+/- 5.7) mL.kg(-1).min(-1)] and IC [35.5 (+/- 5.2) mL.kg(-1).min(-1)] than C [28.8 (+/- 5.0) mL.kg(-1).min(-1)], but there was no difference between EC and IC. VT1 was significantly higher in EC than C [EC = 69.0 (+/- 9.4) W; IC = 62.4 (+/- 13.0) W; C = 52.1 (+/- 11.8) W], but no significant difference was observed in VT2 [EC = 103.5 (+/- 18.8) W; IC = 92.0 (+/- 22.0) W; C = 85.6 (+/- 19.7) W]. These results show that elite indoor rock climbers elicit higher aerobic fitness profile than control subjects when measured with an upper body test.

Cooperations in the nonprofit sector

Many Nonprofit Organizations are pursuing mergers and alliances with the purpose of become more sustainable, better use their resources, and generate a higher impact. This report wants to bring further concrete evidences to the contents highlighted by the researchers. Firstly, a theoretical framework is derived from the literature analysis. Based on that a case study is developed, which see the NOVA SBE and the IES – SBS planning a strategic alliance to constitute a new Social Entrepreneurship Center. A first analysis of the strategic alliance plan showed a wide potential in terms of impact generated and sustainability, only the future steps will be able to demonstrate the successful implementation.

The Biological bulletin.

v. 160 (1981)

Ag Decision Maker, June 2014, Vol. 18, no. 8

A Business Newsletter for Agriculture

El organismo antisocial: aspectos teóricos, conductuales, biológicos y evaluación

En este artículo se revisan y comentan varios enfoques teóricos, que coexisten en la actualidad, sobre la personalidad antisocial. Se intenta buscar diferencias y similitudes del concepto desde la perspectiva de las teorías biológicas de la personalidad. Se pone énfasis en que la personaliad antisocial de naturaleza psicopática presenta déficits coductuales y biológicas propios y que no necesariamente se solapa con el Trastorno Antisocial de la Personalidad del DSM-III

De los daños del juego y de su Condenación por la Iglesia Católica.

UANL

Célestin Freinet : pasado, presente y futuro.

Conocer la incidencia que ha tenido y tiene la pedagogía Freinet en los centros públicos. 17 escuelas públicas de Barcelona y 13 de comarcas de Barcelona; 3 profesores de la Universidad de Barcelona. Analiza la figura de Freinet como hombre y educador. Resume las bases psicopedagógicas de la metodología Freinet. Desarrolla los objetivos, técnicas y métodos del sistema Freinet. Escoge una muestra de centros de Barcelona y de las comarcas de Barcelona, les pasa una encuesta para ver si utilizan el sistema Freinet o alguna de sus técnicas. Compara los resultados entre los centros de Barcelona y los de sus comarcas. Hace un estudio comparativo del sistema Freinet en la escuela de su tiempo y la actual, a partir de entrevistas a 3 profesores de la Universidad de Barcelona. Elabora un estudio prospectivo del sistema Freinet. Bibliografía. Entrevistas. Encuestas. Porcentajes. Representaciones gráficas. Respecto al conocimiento de la pedagogía Freinet, existe un porcentaje elevado, 81 por ciento, que se manifiesta afirmativamente, pero sólo el 44 por ciento la lleva a cabo y un 7,5 por ciento del profesorado utiliza sus técnicas. La utilización de la pedagogía freinetiana no es clara, ya que, por un lado, aunque las personas entrevistadas son de la opinión de que tiene muchas posibilidades, la realidad de las escuelas es muy distinta. Esto se debe a la falta de medios y de apoyo por parte de la Administración, así como de una toma de conciencia por parte del profesorado de lo que realmente significa la pedagogía Freinet.

Impact of stratospheric variability on tropospheric climate change

An improved stratospheric representation has been included in simulations with the Hadley Centre HadGEM1 coupled ocean atmosphere model with natural and anthropogenic forcings for the period 1979–2003. An improved stratospheric ozone dataset is employed that includes natural variations in ozone as well as the usual anthropogenic trends. In addition, in a second set of simulations the quasi biennial oscillation (QBO) of stratospheric equatorial zonal wind is also imposed using a relaxation towards ERA-40 zonal wind values. The resulting impact on tropospheric variability and trends is described. We show that the modelled cooling rate at the tropopause is enhanced by the improved ozone dataset and this improvement is even more marked when the QBO is also included. The same applies to warming trends in the upper tropical troposphere which are slightly reduced. Our stratospheric improvements produce a significant increase of internal variability but no change in the positive trend of annual mean global mean near-surface temperature. Warming rates are increased significantly over a large portion of the Arctic Ocean. The improved stratospheric representation, especially the QBO relaxation, causes a substantial reduction in near-surface temperature and precipitation response to the El Chichón eruption, especially in the tropical region. The winter increase in the phase of the northern annular mode observed in the aftermath of the two major recent volcanic eruptions is partly captured, especially after the El Chichón eruption. The positive trend in the southern annular mode (SAM) is increased and becomes statistically significant which demonstrates that the observed increase in the SAM is largely subject to internal variability in the stratosphere. The possible inclusion in simulations for future assessments of full ozone chemistry and a gravity wave scheme to internally generate a QBO is discussed.

Att göra sig anställningsbar : Om instrumentella identitetspositioner och könad säljbarhet

To make oneself employable – instrumental identity positions and gendered marketability. The article takes up the question of the negotiation of expert discourses in career advice and constructing the self in the practice of CV writing. Drawing on data from semi-structured interviews with 19 students (11 women and 8 men) the stories about job search are analyzed. The concept of discursive positioning is used in order to analyze how the students position themselves in relation to career advice and position the self in CV writing. The results show that the female students had difficulties embodying the position as a marketing self as they described it as conflicting with feelings of ‘who they were’. ‘Being you’ in CVs and job interviews is, further, an ideal that is negotiated in relation to what to display as a job-seeking subject. CV writing involves a process of identifying suitable characteristics in an instrumental manner, but it is also combined with an introspective reasoning and identification to find ‘authentic’ strengths and characteristics in ‘who you are’.

Não há você sem mim: histórias de mulheres sobreviventes de uma tentativa de homicídio

The murder-suicide (H / S) has been defined as a shocking crime in which a person takes the life of another and then kills himself within 24 hours. Set up as a gender violence, because men are in majority, the killers and the women victims. This study aims to understand the meanings of the experience of a H / S, from women who have survived this act. This study sets up as a hermeneutic phenomenological research, based on Heidegger`s ontology. We interviewed three survivors of H / S, whose narratives allowed to approach the senses present in their lives. The interviews were transcribed and interpreted in accordance with the hermeneutic circle, as proposed by Martin Heidegger. From the interviews of research participants perceive that these women have built their senses in stocks, represented the family foundation and the presence of a husband and children. This project that moved their lives toward the construction of modes-of-being. We noticed the presence of historicity constructing meanings for the existence of these women. We found reports of an experience of loving relationships characterized by strong jealousy, with the presence of fantasies of betrayal, and marked by a careful affective relationship that put them in the position of object possession of his companions. Reflect that such caring restricted their existence being-for-husband. So the senses that moved their stocks, which aimed his ways existential, was the creation of a family, a reference to their lives, to live a love, and care for the children. Therefore, beyond the already known aspects in studies on violence against women, which made these women continue to choose this relationship was the sense that they had for their existence. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the construction of a new look on violence against women, taking as a basis the Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenology