Muscle delta C-13 change in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Effects of growth and carbon turnover

The contribution of growth and turnover to the muscle delta C-13 change process was investigated using mathematical models which associate delta C-13 change to time of intake of a new diet or increase in body mass. Two groups of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were fed on diets based on C3 (sigma C-13 = - 25.64 +/- 0.06 parts per thousand) or C4 (delta C-13= -16.01 +/- 0.06 parts per thousand) photosynthetic cycle plants to standardize the muscle delta C-13. After establishing the carbon isotopic equilibrium, fish (mean mass 24.12 +/- 6.79 g) then received the other treatment diet until a new carbon isotopic equilibrium could be established, characterizing T1 (C3-C4) and T2 (C4-C3) treatments. No significant differences were observed in fish productive performance. Good fits were obtained for the models that associated the delta C-13 change to time, resulting in carbon half-life values of 23.33 days for T1 and 25.96 days for T2. Based on values found for the muscle delta C-13 change rate from growth (0.0263 day(-1) and 0.0254 day(-1)) and turnover (0.0034 day(-1) and 0.0013 day(-1)), our results indicate that most of the delta C-13 change could be attributed to growth. The application of model that associated the delta C-13 change to body mass increase seems to produce results with no apparent biological explanation. The delta C-13 change rate could directly reflect the daily ration and growth rate, and consequently the isotopic change rates of carbon and other tissue elements can be properly used to assess different factors that may interfere in nutrient utilization and growth. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.

A edificação e consolidação do Estado Novo no concelho de Torres Vedras : do golpe militar do 28 de Maio de 1926 às Eleições Presidenciais de 13 de Fevereiro de 1949

A presente dissertação de mestrado procura abordar a edificação e consolidação do regime do Estado Novo no concelho de Torres Vedras, alicerçando a sua estrutura de análise, numa abordagem aos aspectos políticos, sociais e económicos, mais relevantes, do arco cronológico balizado entre Maio de 1926 e Fevereiro de 1949. É nosso propósito analisar, inicialmente, as mutações locais ocorridas após o golpe militar do 28 de Maio de 1926, que inaugura a Ditadura Militar (1926-1932). A compreensão desta problemática é estruturada, numa análise ao impacto daquela intentona junto da imprensa local, à designação das novas elites políticas locais e à significativa actividade da oposição local, desenvolvida até ao final de 1932. Esta abordagem inicial, mas fulcral na concretização dos objectivos, antecederá a análise à implantação das estruturas do Estado Novo (1933-1938) no concelho de Torres Vedras. A resposta a esta questão será dada, desde logo, através de quatro cenários de análise distintos. Em primeiro lugar, procura-se acompanhar a actividade das elites políticas locais e o que representavam no âmbito político-ideológico. Num segundo momento centra-se a nossa análise, na edificação do modelo corporativo e na implantação das organizações salazaristas (Legião e Mocidade Portuguesa). Num terceiro foco de análise, procuramos sintetizar a actividade da oposição local. Por fim, introduzimos a abordagem aos principais actos eleitorais da década de 30. Após a compreensão, da evolução política e institucional, ocorrida desde Maio de 1926, o início da 2.ª Guerra Mundial (1939-1945), força-nos a inflectir a análise do panorama político e institucional, para as questões económicas, sociais e ideológicas deste período. A abordagem, ao contexto internacional de guerra, é fulcral, para se compreender, de que forma o espaço territorial em estudo sentiu os efeitos do conflito. Pretende-se por um lado, esclarecer as dificuldades vivenciadas pela população local, por outro, compreender o alinhamento ideológico assumido em favor das potências em confronto. Paralelamente dar-se-á continuidade, à análise sobre a evolução corporativa local, assim como às movimentações da oposição clandestina. O último foco de abordagem recai na organização da oposição local no período do pós-guerra (1945-1949). É nosso objectivo, indagar, os contornos associados ao alinhamento das forças democráticas após o termo do conflito. Num primeiro momento, foca-se a análise, na caracterização da composição da comissão concelhia do Movimento de Unidade Democrática, surgido em Outubro de 1945, num contexto pré-eleitoral despoletado por uma aparente abertura do regime. Numa segunda conjuntura, que coincide com as Eleições Presidenciais de 13 de Fevereiro de 1949, aborda-se a constituição da comissão concelhia de apoio ao general Norton de Matos e analisa-se, as principais movimentações locais, em redor da aludida eleição.

Vibrational spectroscopic characterization of the phosphate mineral series eosphorite–childrenite–(Mn,Fe)Al(PO4)(OH)2·(H2O)

The phosphate mineral series eosphorite–childrenite–(Mn,Fe)Al(PO4)(OH)2·(H2O) has been studied using a combination of electron probe analysis and vibrational spectroscopy. Eosphorite is the manganese rich mineral with lower iron content in comparison with the childrenite which has higher iron and lower manganese content. The determined formulae of the two studied minerals are: (Mn0.72,Fe0.13,Ca0.01)(Al)1.04(PO4, OHPO3)1.07(OH1.89,F0.02)·0.94(H2O) for SAA-090 and (Fe0.49,Mn0.35,Mg0.06,Ca0.04)(Al)1.03(PO4, OHPO3)1.05(OH)1.90·0.95(H2O) for SAA-072. Raman spectroscopy enabled the observation of bands at 970 cm−1 and 1011 cm−1 assigned to monohydrogen phosphate, phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate units. Differences are observed in the area of the peaks between the two eosphorite minerals. Raman bands at 562 cm−1, 595 cm−1, and 608 cm−1 are assigned to the �4 bending modes of the PO4, HPO4 and H2PO4 units; Raman bands at 405 cm−1, 427 cm−1 and 466 cm−1 are attributed to the �2 modes of these units. Raman bands of the hydroxyl and water stretching modes are observed. Vibrational spectroscopy enabled details of the molecular structure of the eosphorite mineral series to be determined.

An investigation of factors influencing diabetes self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes in Vietnam

Background: In diabetes care, health care professionals need to provide support for their patients. In order to provide good diabetes self-management support for adults with type 2 diabetes in Vietnam, it is important that health care professionals in Vietnam understand the factors influencing diabetes self-management among these people. However, knowledge about factors influencing diabetes self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes in Vietnam is limited. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate factors influencing diabetes self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes in Vietnam. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted on 198 adults with type 2 diabetes in VietnamData collection was administeted via interview. Descriptive statistics, simple correlation statistics and structural equation modelling statistics were used for data analysis. Results: Adults with type 2 diabetes in Vietnam had limited diabetes knowledge (Median = 6.0). The majority of the study participants (72.7%) believed that performing diabetes self-management activities was very important or extremely important for controlling their blood glucose levels and for preventing complications from diabetes; about half usually received support from their family and friends’ (48.5%), and around two thirds rarely received support from their health care providers (68.2%). Many of the participants (41.4%) had limited confidence to perform diabetes management activities. The practices of diabetes self-management were limited among the study population (Mean = 96.7, SD = 19.4). Diabetes knowledge (β = 0.17, p < .001), belief in treatment effectiveness (β = 0.13, p < .01), family and friends’ support (β = 0.13, p < .001), health care providers’ support (β = 0.27, p < .001) and diabetes management self-efficacy (β = 0.43, p < .001) directly influenced their diabetes self-management. Diabetes knowledge, and family and friends’ support also indirectly influenced diabetes self-management among these people through their belief in treatment effectiveness and their diabetes management self-efficacy (p < .05). Conclusion: Findings in this study indicated that health care professionals should provide diabetes self-management support for adults with type 2 diabetes in Vietnam in the future. The adapted theory-based model of factors influencing diabetes self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes in Vietnam found in this study could be a useful framework to develop this supporting program.

Conformation of a 16-residue zervamicin IIA analog peptide containing three different structural features: 310-helix, alpha helix and ß-bend ribbon

Boc-Trp-Ile-Ala-Aib-Ile-Val-Aib-Leu-Aib- Pro-Ala-Aib-Pro-Aib-Pro-Phe-OM(we here Boc is t-butoxycarbonyla nd Aib is a-aminoisobutyriac cid), a synthetica polar analog of the membrane-activefu ngal peptide antibioticz ervamtycinII A, crystallizesi n spaceg roupP 1 withZ =1 and cell parameters a = 9.086 ?0.002 A, b = 10.410 ?+ 0.002 A, c = 28.188 ? 0.004 A, a = 86.13 ? 0.01?, 13 = 87.90 ? 0.01?, and y = 89.27 ? 0.01?;o veralla greementf actorR = 7.3% for 7180 data (Fo > 3cr) and 0.91-A resolution. The peptide backbone makes a continuous spiral that begins as a 310-helix at the N-terminus, changes to an a-helix for two turns, and ends in a spiral of three fl-bends in a ribbon. Each of the fl-bends contains a proline residue at one of the corners. The torsion angles 4i range from -51? to -91? (average value -64o), and the torsion angles ai range from -1? to -46? (average value -31?). There are 10 intramolecularN H...OCh ydrogenb onds in the helix and two directh ead-to-taihl ydrogenb ondsb etween successive molecules. Two H20 and two CH30H solvent molecules fill additional space with appropriate hydrogen bonding in the head-to-tail region, and two additional H20 molecules form hydrogen bonds with carbonyl oxygens near the curve in the helix at Pro-10. Since there is only one peptide molecule per cell in space group P1, the molecules repeat only by translation, and consequently the helices pack parallel to each other.

Opiskelijaliikkeen äärilaidalta populaarikulttuurin hahmoiksi ja 2000-luvun alussa Rote Armee Fraktion Der Spiegel -lehden sivuilla 1970-luvulla

Työ käsittelee vasemmistoradikalismia ilmiönä ja erityisesti kyseisen ilmiön eri vaiheita. Tarkempana tarkastelukohtana on Rote Armee Fraktion (RAF) -niminen vasemmistovallankumouksellinen ryhmä, joka toimi Saksan liittotasavallassa vuosina 1970-1998. Ryhmää tarkastellaan siltä kannalta, kuinka uutislehti Der Spiegel on en toimintaa eri aikoina tulkinnut. Alkuperäislähteenä on käytetty pääasiassa saksalaisessa Der Spiegel - viikkolehdessä ilmestyneitä ryhmää käsitteleviä artikkeleita. Erityistä painoa on laitettu sille, miten ryhmän toiminnassa ja toimintaympäristössä tapahtuneet muutokset ovat vaikuttaneet eri ajankohtina julkaistuissa artikkeleissa näkyvissä oleviin tapoihin käsitellä ryhmää ilmiönä. Tarkastelu on rajattu koskemaan lähinnä vuosia 1970. 1977. 2007 ja 2008. Lisäksi mukaan on valikoitu vuosilta 1968. 1972 ja 1975 muutamia yksittäisiä artikkeleita. Aihe liittyy osaltaan keskusteluun sekä opiskelijaliikkeen radikalisoitumisesta 1960-ja 1970-lukujen vaihteessa että terrorismista laajempana ilmiönä. Tutkimustavoitetta lähestytään kolmen eri teeman kautta. Ensimmäisenä teemana tarkastellaan RAF:iin liittyviä artikkeleita siltä kannalta, mitä nimitystä ryhmästä on milloinkin käytetty. Toisena sitä. missä vaiheessa Der Spiegelissä alettiin pitää ryhmän toimintaa terrorismina ja toimijoita terroristeina ia kolmantena temaattisena aiheena analysoidaan sitä. millaista kirjoitustyyliä on ryhmää koskevissa artikkeleissa eri aikoina käytetty. Vuoden 1977 vaikutus siihen, kuinka ryhmästä kirjoitetaan vielä 2000-luvun alussa, on ollut suuri. Kun vielä RAF:n terroriaallon ollessa kovimmillaan syksyllä 1977 kerrottiin Der Spiegelissä ryhmän pitäneen Länsi-Saksaa polvillaan edeltäneet kaksi vuotta, puhuttiin vuonna 2007 seitsemästä vuodesta. Samanaikaisesti kun 2000-luvulla kirjoitetuissa artikkeleissa annetaan ryhmälle koko sen toiminnan ajaksi se asema ja nimi, jotka se oikeastaan lopulta sai vasta syksyn 1977 myötä ja vain muutamaksi kuukaudeksi, on artikkeleissa tyylillisesti kuitenkin palattu lähemmäs 1970-luvun alkua. Heti ryhmän perustamisen jälkeen ei sitä otettu vakavana yhteiskunnallisena toimijana ja tämä näkyi Der Spiegelin uutisoinnissa viihteellisenä kerrontatyylinä. Terroriaallon ollessa pahimmillaan ei tällainen kerrontatyyli ollut käytössä vaan RAF liitettiin osaksi laajempaa terrorismi-ilmiötä. Sen sijaan vuonna 2007 ilmestyneessä artikkelisarjassa jälleen palattiin samanlaiseen suorastaan vallankumousromantiikalla leikittelevään kerrontatyyliin. Näin Der Spiegelin tuli piirtäneeksi lähes neljässäkymmenessä vuodessa pitkän kaaren opiskelijaliikkeen äärilaidan radikalisoitumisesta 1960- ja 1970-lukujen vaihteessa aina Saksan liittotasavallan tuomiseen polvilleen 1977 ja yli kolmekymmentä vuotta aikaisemmin selleissään kuolleiden RAF-johtohahmojen muodostumiseen osaksi populaarikulttuuria 2000-luvun alussa.

Evaluación de cinco lineas de tomate (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) en relación al complejo mosca blanca -geminivirus bajo infecciones naturales en la zona del pacífico de Nicaragua

Este trabajo se realizó en el período comprendido entre Noviembre 2002 y Febrero 2003, en el Centro Nacional de Investigación Agropecuario(CNIA) de Managua, con el objetivo de evaluar cinco líneas de tomate TY en relación al complejo mosca blanca-geminivirus bajo infecciones naturales en la zona del Pacífico. El semillero se estableció el 4 de noviembre del 2002 y se transplanto el 4 de diciembre, en la etapa de semillero se realizaron 6 recuentos de mosca blanca encontrándose los mayores promedios de mosca blanca por planta en la línea TY-15 y los menores promedios en la línea TY-13. El ANDEVA realizado demostró que existen diferencias significativas para las variables número de moscas blancas por planta, incidencia y severidad de virosis en cambio para las variables agronómicas estudiadas no se encontró diferencias significativas.En la etapa de campo el mayor promedio de mosca blanca por planta lo obtuvo la línea TY-3 y el menor la variedad UC-82. En las variables de incidencia y severidad la línea que obtuvo el menor porcentaje fue TY-13 y el mayor porcentaje la variedad UC-82. En las variedades agronómicas encontramos que el mayor promedio de racimos florales y flores lo obtuvo la línea TY-13 y el menor promedio de racimos florales la variedad UC-82 así como la línea TY-15 obtuvo el menor promedio de flores por planta. En la fructificación, la línea TY-3 obtuvo el mayor promedio de frutos por planta y el menor la variedad UC-82. EL mayor rendimiento lo obtuvo la línea TY-13 y el menor la variedad UC-82. En la etapa de laboratorio no todas las muestras resultaron positivas ante la prueba de PCR, en las líneas TY-12, TY-13, TY-4, TY-15 los cinco grados de severidad de las muestras resultaron positivas mientras que en la línea TY-3 los grados de severidad 2 y 3 que resultaron negativos.

隧道开挖方式对建筑物桩基影响的数值模拟分析

运用岩石破裂与失稳过程分析RFPA~(2D)系统以及FLAC~(2D)程序对广州地铁二号线隧道通过电化教育学院录音楼引起建筑物桩基的变形与力学特性进行研究。RFPA~(2D)系统视材料为非均匀损伤材料,考虑修正后的Mohr-Coulomb准则(包含拉伸截断)作为单元破坏的强度判据,研究不同隧道开挖方式对建筑物桩基和地面移动的影响。分析表明,RFPA~(2D)系统是研究地表移动和破坏机理的适用工具。

On parallel computing for stochastic optimization models and algorithms

167 p.

Caracterización a impacto de caucho reciclado mediante elementos finitos

Análisis de caucho reciclado de manera hiperelástica mediante métodos de ajuste de Mínimos Cuadrados con programa MATLAB y Curve fitting mediante ANSYS. Para la parte viscoelástica se usa Algoritmo de Optimicación con MATLAB. Comprobación de resultados y fiabilidad.

ColeccionApp

Aplicación móvil para iOS. Gestor de colecciones de cromos.

Molde de inyección para estabilizador de cámara

El propósito de este proyecto consiste en realizar el diseño de un molde de inyección, el cual será construido con el objetivo de producir las piezas correspondientes a un estabilizador de cámara deportiva.