Compilation of downward flux observations from sediment trap deployments in the Atlantic Ocean - Contribution to EURO-BASIN's Data integration

We provide a compilation of downward fluxes (total mass, POC, PON, BSiO2, CaCO3, PIC and lithogenic/terrigenous fluxes) from over 6000 sediment trap measurements distributed in the Atlantic Ocean, from 30 degree North to 49 degree South, and covering the period 1982-2011. Data from the Mediterranean Sea are also included. Data were compiled from different sources: data repositories (BCO-DMO, PANGAEA), time series sites (BATS, CARIACO), published scientific papers and/or personal communications from PI's. All sources are specifed in the data set. Data from the World Ocean Atlas 2009 were extracted to provide each flux observation with contextual environmental data, such as temperature, salinity, oxygen (concentration, AOU and percentage saturation), nitrate, phosphate and silicate.

Particle flux in the NE Atlantic as recorded by sediment traps

Downward particle flux was measured using sediment traps at various depths over the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (water depth ab. 4850 m) for prolonged periods from 1989 to 1999. A strong seasonal pattern of flux was evident reaching a maximum in mid-summer. The composition of the material changed with depth, reflecting the processes of remineralisation and dissolution as the material sank through the water column. However, there was surprisingly little seasonal variation in its composition to reflect changes in the biology of the euphotic zone. Currents at the site have a strong tidal component with speeds almost always less than 15 cm/sec. In the deeper part of the water column they tend to be northerly in direction, when averaged over periods of several months. A model of upper ocean biogeochemistry forced by meteorology was run for the decade in order to provide an estimate of flux at 3000 m depth. Agreement with measured organic carbon flux is good, both in terms of the timings of the annual peaks and in the integrated annual flux. Interannual variations in the integrated flux are of similar magnitude for both the model output and sediment trap measurements, but there is no significant relationship between these two sets of estimates. No long-term trend in flux is evident, either from the model, or from the measurements. During two spring/summer periods, the marine snow concentration in the water column was assessed by time-lapse photography and showed a strong peak at the start of the downward pulse of material at 3000 m. This emphasises the importance of large particles during periods of maximum flux and at the start of flux peaks. Time lapse photographs of the seabed show a seasonal cycle of coverage of phytodetrital material, in agreement with the model output both in terms of timing and magnitude of coverage prior to 1996. However, after a change in the structure of the benthic community in 1996 no phytodetritus was evident on the seabed. The model output shows only a single peak in flux each year, whereas the measured data usually indicated a double peak. It is concluded that the observed double peak may be a reflection of lowered sediment trap efficiency when flux is very high and is dominated by large marine snow particles. Resuspension into the trap 100 m above the seabed, when compared to the primary flux at 3000 m depth (1800 mab) was lower during periods of high primary flux probably because of a reduction in the height of resuspension when the material is fresh. At 2 mab, the picture is more complex with resuspension being enhanced during the periods of higher flux in 1997, which is consistent with this hypothesis. However there was rather little relationship to flux at 3000 m in 1998. At 3000 m depth, the Flux Stability Index (FSI), which provides a measure of the constancy of the seasonal cycle of flux, exhibited an inverse relationship with flux, such that the highest flux of organic carbon was recorded during the year with the greatest seasonal variation.

Projeto de Lei do Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE-2011/2020) : Projeto em tramitação no Congresso Nacional - PL nº 8.035/2010

Apresenta o Projeto de Lei 8530/10 de autoria do Poder Executivo, que institui o Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE).

Diário da Constituinte [gravação de vídeo] : [programa n. 035]

Membros da Subcomissão dos Negros, Populações Indígenas, Pessoas Deficientes e Minorias da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte (ANC) foram a aldeia Gorotiri, na reserva dos Caiapós onde foram recebidos pelo Cacique Cutiora. Na tribo, a única preocupação é a posse da terra. Benedita da Silva (PT-RJ) disse que é preciso garantir a titularidade definitiva da terra aos índios. Ivo Lech (PMDB-RS), Presidente da Subcomissão, falou da importância da terra para os indígenas. A Subcomissão da Nacionalidade, da Soberania e das Relações Internacionais ouve Abreu Sobré, Ministro das Relações Exteriores. A Subcomissão do Sistema Financeiro ouve bancários e empresários. Nelton Friedrich (PSDB-PR), relator da Subcomissão de Garantia da Constituição, Reformas e Emendas enfatiza a importância das audiências. Cristina Tavares (PMDB-PE) relatora da Subcomissão da Ciência e da Comunicação fala que a grande sabedoria de um relator é saber captar a opinião média das propostas apresentadas. Mário Lima (PMDB-BA) relator da Subcomissão dos Direitos dos Trabalhadores e Servidores Públicos disse que a Subcomissão recebeu o maior volume de sugestões.

Resolución No. 035: Por la cual se decide un recurso de reposición y en subsidio de apelación

Servicios registrales

Patient-related risk factors leading to aseptic stem loosening in total hip arthroplasty: a case-control study of 5,035 patients

BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that certain patient characteristics have different effects on the risk of early stem loosening in total hip arthroplasty (THA). We therefore conducted a case-control study using register-database records with the aim of identifying patient-specific risk factors associated with radiographic signs of aseptic loosening of the femoral component in THA. METHOD: Data were derived from a multinational European registry and were collected over a period of 25 years. 725 cases with radiographic signs of stem loosening were identified and matched to 4,310 controls without any signs of loosening. Matching criteria were type of implant, size of head, date of operation, center of primary intervention, and follow-up time. The risk factors analyzed were age at operation, sex, diagnosis and previous ipsilateral operations, height, weight, body mass index and mobility based on the Charnley classification. RESULTS: Women showed significantly lower risk of radiographic loosening than men (odds ratio (OR) 0.64). Age was also a strong factor: risk decreased by 1.8% for each additional year of age at the time of surgery. Height and weight were not associated with risk of loosening. A higher body mass index, however, increased the risk of stem loosening to a significant extent (OR 1.03) per additional unit of BMI. Charnley Class B, indicating restricted mobility, was associated with lower risk of loosening (OR 0.78). INTERPRETATION: An increased activity level, as seen in younger patients and those with unrestricted mobility, is an important factor in the etiology of stem loosening. If combined with high BMI, the risk of stem loosening within 10 years is even higher. A younger person should not be denied the benefits of a total hip arthroplasty but must accept that the risk of future failure is increased.