Sustained release of the candidate antiretroviral peptides T-1249 and JNJ54310516-AFP from a rod insert vaginal ring

Administration of biomacromolecular drugs in effective quantities from conventional vaginal rings is hampered by poor drug permeability in the polymers from which rings are commonly constructed. Here, we report the formulation development and testing of rod insert rings for sustained release of the candidate antiretroviral peptides T-1249 and JNJ54310516-AFP (JNJ peptide), both of which have potential as HIV microbicides. Rod inserts were prepared comprising antiviral peptides T-1249 or JNJ peptide in combination with a hydrophilic excipient (sodium chloride, sodium glutamate, lactose or zinc acetate) dispersed at different loadings within a medical grade silicone elastomer. The inserts were tested for weight change and swelling when immersed in simulated vaginal fluid (SVF). Dye migration into the inserts was also assessed visually over 28 days. In vitro release of T-1249 and JNJ peptide from rings containing various insert types was tested. Weight change and degree of swelling of rods immersed in SVF was dependent on the type and concentration of excipient present. The rods displayed the following rank order in terms of weight change: sodium glutamate > zinc acetate ≈ sodium chloride > lactose. The weight change and degree of swelling of the inserts did not correlate with the level of dye uptake observed. In vitro release of T-1249 was improved through addition of lactose, sodium chloride and sodium glutamate, while release of JNJ peptide was improved through addition of sodium chloride or sodium glutamate. Sustained release of hydrophobic peptides can be achieved using a rod insert ring design formulated to include a hydrophilic excipient. Release rates were dependent upon the type of excipient used. The degree of release improvement with different inserts partially reflects their ability to imbibe surrounding fluid and swell in aqueous environments.

Os Forais de Setúbal [1249-1514]. Apresentação de documentos. A importância dos estudos históricos na economia e sustentabilidade locais

Esta comunicação, no âmbito da realização do II Encontro de Estudos Locais do Distrito de Setúbal, pretendeu apresentar os resultados preliminares da primeira fase de uma investigação em torno dos forais de Setúbal (1249/1514), projecto que culminará em 2014 com a publicação do estudo destes documentos. Pretendeu-se igualmente ressalvar o papel da investigação histórica na região, destacando-se as suas potencialidades ao nível da sustentabilidade e do desenvolvimento da comunidade local

Notation encadrée, notation critiquée, mais notation responsabilisée ! Présentation des articles 10 et 11 de la loi n°2010-1249 du 22 octobre 2010 de régulation bancaire et financière

Mettant fin au statu quo qui régnait en matière de notation de crédit, de nouvelles dispositions ont été insérées dans le Code monétaire et financier pour placer les agences de notation de crédit sous surveillance. Sur le fondement du règlement européen n°1060/2009 du 16 septembre 2009, l’AMF se voit tout d’abord confier la mission d’enregistrer ces agences. Ensuite, la compétence règlementaire, d’enquête et de sanctions de l’autorité boursière française se trouve élargie aux activités des agences de notation. Enfin, des mesures définissant un régime de responsabilité applicable aux agences de notation ont été introduites dans le corpus normatif français. En dépit de critiques certaines, l’envahissement de la sphère financière par le rating imposait un signal fort à destination des agences de notation de crédit.

Eradication of cattle grubs. Hearings before the Subcommittee No. 4 of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, Eightieth Congresses, second session, on S. 1249 and H. R. 1043. Apr. 6 and 28, 1948.

George W. Gillie, chairman of subcommittee.

Visitations of churches belonging to St. Paul's Cathedral, 1249-1252.

Additional title: Visitations of churches in the patronage of St. Paul's Cathedral.