Interstitial water chemistry of ODP Leg 103 sites

Interstitial waters were squeezed from strata recovered at Sites 637-641 of ODP Leg 103 on the Galicia margin, along the northwestern Iberian continental margin in the northeast Atlantic. Chemical profiles of Site 638 show the most complexity, which appears to be related to an unconformity in the strata between Cretaceous and Neogene sediments and to rapid deposition of Cretaceous syn-rift sediments upon pre-rift strata. Analyses of waters from all of the Leg 103 sites show generally antithetical trends for calcium and magnesium; calcium increases with depth as magnesium decreases. No calcium-magnesium 'crossover' profiles are observed in these data. Data from Site 637 show an unusual pattern; calcium increases with increasing depth, but magnesium remains relatively constant. Sulfate is either stable or shows an overall decrease with depth, and boron profiles show some structure. At all but one site (Site 638), strontium profiles do not show marked depth structure. The structure of alkalinity and silica profiles is highly site dependent. Bromide profiles are, in general, constant. In nearly every case, observed bromide concentrations are near average seawater values. Relatively low concentrations of iron and manganese are common within the upper 10 m of the sediment sequence and typically are near detection limits at deeper depths

Chemistry of orthopyroxenes, clinopyroxenes, and spinels of ODP Hole 103-637A peridotites

Mineral compositions of the plagioclase-bearing ultramafic tectonites dredged and cored seaward of the continental slope of the Galicia margin (Leg 103, Site 637) were compared to mineral compositions from onshore low-pressure ultramafic bodies (southeastern Ronda, western Pyrenees, and Lizard Point), on the basis of standardized (30-s counting time) probe analyses. The comparison was extended to some plagioclase-free harzburgites related to ophiolites (Santa Elena in Costa Rica, north Oman, and the Humboldt body in New Caledonia) on the basis of new analytical data and data from the literature. The behavior of Cr, Na, Al, Mg, Fe, Ni, and Ti in olivine, pyroxenes, and spinel was examined in order to distinguish between the effects of partial melting and mineral facies change, from the spinel to plagioclase stability fields. The peridotite from the Galicia margin appears slightly depleted in major incompatible elements and experienced a minor partial melting. However, it experienced large scale but heterogeneous recrystallization in the plagioclase field. These features are very similar to those observed in Ronda, whereas in the western Pyrenees the minerals exemplify a very minor partial-melting event (or none at all) and have retained compositions corresponding to those of the relatively high-pressure Seiland sub facies. The minerals from the Lizard Point peridotite have characteristics (low Mg/(Mg + Fe) ratio; high Cr/(Cr + Al) ratio in spinel) more related to cumulate from a differentiated tholeiitic melt than related to ophiolitic tectonite. Diffusion profiles of Al and Cr across pyroxenes and spinel show that recrystallization features occurred at different speeds or temperatures in the different bodies. The pyroxenes from Ronda would have experienced recrystallization about 14 times faster than the peridotite from the Galicia margin. The western Pyrenean lherzolites also experienced rapid recrystallization; nevertheless, because they are of a different mineral facies, the data are not directly comparable to that from Ronda and Galicia. The harzburgite at Santa Elena as well as a xenolith from alkali basalt exemplify rapid cooling characterized by very weak re-equilibration. Recrystallization speed is related to emplacement speed in the present geological environment. The slow-rising Galicia margin peridotite was emplaced by thinning of the lithospheric subcontinental mantle near an incipient mid-oceanic ridge. The fast-rising peridotites from Ronda and the western Pyrenees were hot diapirs emplaced from the asthenosphere along transcurrent faults, possibly related to the opening of the Atlantic Ocean.

Chemistry of minerals of ODP Hole 103-637A peridotites

The Galicia margin lies northwest of the Iberian Peninsula and is a passive ocean margin with thin sedimentary cover. Altered peridotite was recovered from ODP Site 637, on the north-trending ridge at the western edge of the margin, near the oceanic/continental crust boundary. The altered ultramafics were originally clinopyroxene-rich upper mantle harzburgites and are now extensively serpentinized (>85%) and cut by very late-stage carbonate veins. Despite pervasive late, low-temperature alteration, evidence of early, high-temperature alteration remains. Alteration is apparent as (1) amphibole rims on clinopyroxene (>800°C), (2) hornblende + tremolite (450° to 800°C), (3) breakdown of hornblende to form tremolite + chlorite (<450°C), (4) zoned Cr-spinels, (5) hydration of orthopyroxene and olivine to serpentine, (6) serpentine veins, (7) replacement of pyroxene and olivine by calcite, and (8) calcite veins and vugs. Both the relict igneous and the high-temperature alteration minerals (amphiboles) show evidence of brittle deformation. Subsequent low-temperature alteration veins and minerals are deformed only in faulted and brecciated zones. This textural evidence suggests that the low-temperature alteration occurred after emplacement of the ultramafics at the surface. Serpentine fills tension fractures in orthopyroxene, and both serpentine and calcite fill tension cracks in olivine. The high-temperature alterations in these samples are similar to those found in oceanic fracture zone and ophiolite ultramafics. This widespread occurrence of high-temperature alteration suggests that hot fluids were pervasive in these ultramafic blocks. Localization of high-temperature alteration close to large carbonate veins suggests channelization of the late, low-temperature fluids. Earlier hydrations (e.g., high-temperature alterations and serpentinization) were pervasive.

Cenozoic sediments facies and geochemistry of ODP Hole 103-637A

The late Cenozoic deposits recovered at ODP Site 637 from the Iberian Abyssal Plain near the continental margin off northwestern Spain include three main facies groups. Turbidites are the dominant facies association (two-thirds of the total thickness), followed by pelagites (one-fourth), and subordinate amounts of contourites (one-tenth). Slump deposits occur locally in the upper Miocene and middle Pliocene. Turbidity currents and pelagic settling were the significant sediment depositional processes from the Pliocene to the Pleistocene, whereas bottom currents predominated during the late Miocene. Fine-grained, base-cut-out turbidites, normally starting with the Td division, are the most abundant sequence type. The pelagites include both carbonate-rich pelagic and hemipelagic facies. The two types of contourites, sandy and calcareous-rich or fine-grained terrigenous, record two types of bottom-current processes. The Cenozoic deposits at Site 637 show a general upward transition from contourites in the upper Miocene to turbidites in the Pliocene-Quaternary. The entire section is rhythmically bedded and has a poorly developed cyclic pattern defined by variations in the total carbonate content. The low sedimentation rates also show the same cyclicity, with lower values for the late Miocene and late Pliocene. This evolution reflects the predominant depositional processes and the dissolution of carbonates by a lower CCD during the late Miocene.

Calcareous nannofossils of ODP Leg 103 holes

Ocean Drilling Program Leg 103 occupied five sites on the Galicia margin, northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Two holes (Holes 637A and 638B) yielded significant Cenozoic sedimentary sections ranging from late Miocene to late Pleistocene in age. From the nannofossil stratigraphy, one hiatus is recognized in Hole 637A (2.35-2.4 Ma), whereas two hiatuses (one at 1.9-2.6 Ma and another at 3.5-3.7 Ma) are recognized in Hole 638B. Sediment-accumulation rates for the Cenozoic portions of these two holes have been calculated based on the nannofossil datums. The abundance ratios of Coccolithus pelagicus to Discoaster brouweri for Hole 637A show relatively low values and small fluctuations from 2.5 to 6.5 Ma but sharply increase and then widely fluctuate beginning at about 2.5 Ma. This may indicate relatively warmer, more stable surface-water temperatures from 2.5 to 6.5 Ma and cooler, variable surface-water temperatures after 2.5 Ma at Site 637. C. pelagicus/D. brouweri ratios from Hole 638B also show a trend of increasing values with time from late Miocene to late Pliocene, but with more fluctuations and a different pattern from that of Hole 637A.

Traços de personalidade e religião: meio rural versus meio urbano

As relações do envolvimento religioso com os traços da personalidade em indivíduos do meio rural e indivíduos do meio urbano foram investigadas neste trabalho. Este estudo tem como objectivo o estabelecimento de associações entre traços de personalidade e religião, procedendo a um estudo comparativo entre uma amostra, constituída por indivíduos do meio urbano. A amostra rural foi recolhida no distrito de Portalegre e contou com a participação de 200 sujeitos escolhidos aleatoriamente, tendo sido também recolhida uma amostra de outros 200 sujeitos no meio urbano, em específico na região da Grande Lisboa, de uma forma aleatória. As idades dos participantes estão compreendidas entre os 18 e os 103 anos (M=44,20; DP=19,637), sendo os individuos de ambos os sexos. Procedeu-se a uma caracterização sociodemográfica da amostra e recorreu-se à aplicação de quatro instrumentos, a DUREL (Koening, 1997), o BFI (Oliver & John, 2001), o PANAS (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988) e a PDS (Paulhus, 1998). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram associações sigmificativas entre as dimensões da personalidade, com as dimensões da religiosidade. Verificou-se que os indivíduos com alta religiosidade. Verificou-se que os indivíduos com uma religiosidade apresentam traços mais vincados de amabilidade e de conscienciosidade. Por outro lado verificou-se que os indivíduos com alta religiosidade no meio urbano apresentam um nível mais elevado de neuroticismo e de abertura à experiência do que no meio rural. ABSTRACT: The relation between the religious involvement with the personality traits in individuals from rural and urban environment were investigated in this work . This study aims to establish associations between personality traits and religion, by carrying out a comparative study of a sample consisting of individuals from rural areas and a sample of individuals from urban areas. The rural sample was collected in the district of Portalegre, in which participated 200 individuals randomly chosen, a sample of 200 individuals in the urban area, specifically in the area of Lisbon city, chosen at random, were also collected. The ages of participants are between 18 and 103 years old (M= 44.20, SD=19.637). A social-demographic characterization of the sample was carried out and four measures were used – Durel (Koenig et al., 1997), BFI (Oliver & John, 2001), the PANAS (Watson Clark & Tellegen, 1988) and PDS (Paulhus, 1998). Results showed significant associations between dimensions of personality and dimensions of religiosity. It was found that individuals with a high religiosity have more pronouneed trits of kindness and conscientiousness. Moreover it was found that individuals with high religiosity in urban areas have a higher level of neuroticism and openness to experience than in rural areas.

Manifestações neurológicas nas endocardites infecciosas - revisão de 103 casos estudados - 84 casos do Hospital dos Servidores do Estado-R.J. (1947-1978) e 19 casos do Hospital Estadual São Sebastião-R.J. (1975-1978)

Os autores fazem uma revisão de 103 casos de endocardites infecciosas, dos quais 52 apresentaram manifestações neurológicas. Dos 52 que não tiveram problemas neurológicos, 39 faleceram 175%), enquanto que dos 51 que não tiveram alterações do sistema nervoso, apenas 18 evoluíram para o óbito 135,3%). A endocardite infecciosa com manifestações neurológicas, na presente série, foi dominante no sexo masculino. Os grupos etários mais envolvidos foram as crianças, adolescentes e adultos jovens. Houve outro pico importante em pacientes acima de 50 anos. Os critérios para o diagnóstico de endocardite infecciosa utilizados no presente estudo, foram os clássicos, acrescidos de outros considerados de extrema utilidade, à medida que a experiência foi sendo acumulada, acompanhando paralelamente as modificações dos padrões etiológicos, assim como as alterações dos espectros clínicos da doença, conseqüentes a muitos fatores aqui discutidos. Os principais distúrbios neurológicos observados foram as manifestações meningeias, 25/52 148,1%), alterações do comportamento, 20/52 (38,4%), fenômenos motores (paralisias e paresias), 20/52 (38,4%). Alterações do nível de consciência (torpor ou coma), ao lado de outras menos comuns, como cefaléia 16/52 (26,9%), convulsões, 10/52 (19,2%), afasia 7/52 (13,5%) e manchas de Roth, 7/53 (13,5%). As manifestações neurológicas frequentemente foram múltiplas em um mesmo paciente. Nas formas de endocardite, foram em muitos casos praticamente as alterações que abriram e dominaram a cena clínica. As mais comuns foram: síndrome meningeia, síndrome vascular e encefalopatia tóxica. Foi difícil, em conseqüência de múltiplas manifestações neurológicas num mesmo paciente, estabelecer critérios entre a lesão neurológica e o prognóstico, embora o coma profundo, as convulsões, os distúrbios motores acentuados, a meningite e as alterações do comportamento, isoladamente ou em associação, façam com que o mesmo seja bem mais sério. O germe mais encontrado em nossa série foi oStaphylococcus aureus, relacionado com formas agudas da infecção endocárdica, aliado a processos destrutivos valvulares e a sérias alterações neurológicas tais como meningite, encefalite, infartos, hemorragias e abcessos cerebrais. Os principais achados neurológicos referentes à patologia, no estudo de 15 casos, são apresentados ao lado de conclusões tiradas de reflexões sobre o material analisado e da experiência vivida. Uma revisão da literatura é feita desde os trabalhos iniciais sobre a doença até os dias de hoje, ficando evidenciada a importância do tema pelas grandes contribuições apresentadas pelos diferentes autores.

Serphidae (=Proctotrupidae) et Calliceratidae (=Ceraphronidae) bearbeitet von prof. dr. J. J. Kieffer. Mit 103 abbildungen.

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