Prevalência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) no estado do Pará

O objetivo do estudo foi conhecer a prevalência sorológica de Toxoplasma gondii em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) do Estado do Pará, Brasil. Foram selecionados randomicamente 319 bubalinos distribuídos em sete municípios da Ilha do Marajó. Para efeito comparativo também foram avaliados 128 bubalinos pertencentes a cinco municípios do Estado do Pará. A prevalência sorológica de Toxoplasma gondii foi avaliada pelo Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimático Indireto (iELISA). As amostras diagnósticadas como positivas no iELISA foram submetidas a Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI). Foram avaliados os fatores de risco: localidade, raça, gestação, co-infecção por Brucella abortus e co-infecção por Mycobacterium bovis. As frequências de animais positivos no iELISA para T. gondii foram comparadas pelo teste de Qui-quadrado (χ2) com 95% de confiabilidade. As variáveis com p<0,2 foram submetidos à análise de regressão logística, sendo o modelo construído baseado no teste da "odds ratios". A prevalência de T. gondii observada no iELISA foi de 41,6% (186/447). Na RIFI, 86,5% (161/186) das amostram positivas no iELISA tiveram sua positividade para T. gondii confirmada. A prevalência média nos municípios da Ilha do Marajo e do Continente foi de 32% (103/319) e 55% (70/128), respectivamente. Os municípios que apresentaram as maiores prevalências foram Soure (53%) e Salvaterra (49%) na Ilha do Marajó e Castanhal (55%) e Tailândia (50%) no Continente. Os fatores de risco raça e co-infecção por Brucella abortus ou Mycobacterium bovis não influenciaram na prevalência de T. gondii. Além disso, animais gestantes foram 57% mais positivos para T. gondii do que animais não gestantes. A circulação de anticorpos é um indicativo da presença do agente da toxoplasmose em búfalos no Estado do Pará. Esses achados representam um risco não apenas para os animais de produção, mas à saúde pública, como uma fonte de infecção.

Diagnóstico sorológico e molecular de Chlamydophila felis em gatos (Felis catus)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Toxoplasmose congênita em ovelhas reinfectadas experimentalmente

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aspectos clínico-patológicos e imuno-histoquímicos de equídeos infectados pelo vírus da raiva

Foram analisados 14 equídeos (13 equinos e 1 muar) com diagnóstico clínico e histológico de raiva provenientes de quatro regiões do Brasil. O curso clínico médio foi de quatro dias de evolução, incluindo incoordenação motora, paralisia dos membros pélvicos, paresia dos membros torácicos e decúbito. Os achados histopatológicos caracterizaram-se por meningoencefalite e meningomielite não supurativa com infiltrado perivascular linfoplasmocitário. Corpúsculos de Negri foram observados em 64,28% (9/14) dos casos, principalmente na medula espinhal cervical e nos neurônios de Purkinje do cerebelo. Em 55,55% (5/9) dos equídeos analisados tiveram resultado positivo pela técnica de imunofluorescência direta para raiva. Todos os casos foram positivos na imuno-histoquímica para raiva, cujas reações foram mais evidentes no córtex temporal, córtex occipital e medula espinhal cervical. A técnica de imuno-histoquímica foi essencial para confirmar todos os casos de raiva nos equídeos.

Pesquisa de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em bovinos leiteiros da região sudoeste do estado de Mato Grosso

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influência da infecção pelo vírus da artrite-encefalite caprina nos perfis soro-epidemiológicos em caprinos infectados pelo Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora caninum

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Caracterização genotípica de amaostras de Toxoplasma gondii isoladas de ovinos de abatedouro

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Serological cross-reactivity of Trypanosoma cruzi, Ehrlichia canis, Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Babesia canis to Leishmania infantum chagasi tests in dogs

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the serological cross-reactivity between Leishmania sp. and other canine pathogens. Methods: Positive serum samples for Ehrlichia canis, Babesia canis, Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Trypanosoma cruzi were tested using three serological methods enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and Kalazar Detect™, for canine visceral leishmaniasis. Results: Of the 57 dog samples tested, 24 (42.1%) tested positive using one of the three serological methods: 10/57 (17.5%) for ELISA, 11/57 (19.3%) for IFAT and 3/57 (5.3%) for Kalazar Detect™. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that the presence of other infectious agents may lead to cross-reactivity on leishmaniasis serological tests.

Prevalence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in dogs

Toxoplasmosis and neosporosis are parasitic diseases of global importance. The present study had the objective to determine the influence of age, sex and breed in the prevalence of antibodies against both diseases in dogs from Brotas city, São Paulo State, Brazil. Blood samples of 342 dogs were collected, and the age, sex and breed of each animal were recorded. The serological diagnosis for toxoplasmosis and neosporosis were performed using the immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The Fischer's test was used to calculate the association probability of the variables, with a = 5%. For toxoplasmosis the prevalence of antibodies was 26.9% (CI 95% 22.4-31.8%), and for neosporosis 4.97% (CI 95% 3.1-7.8%). The statistical analysis revealed a higher risk of infection for T. gondii in dogs with more than five years.

Fatores de riscos associados à leishmaniose visceral canina na área de cinturão verde de Ilha Solteira, SP

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS

Sensitivity and specificity of serological tests, histopathology and immunohistochemistry for detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic chickens

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Diagnostic tests for hepatitis C: Recent trends in electrochemical immunosensor and genosensor analysis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Seroepidemiological analysis of toxoplasmosis in college students

Background Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by an obligate intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, which affects warm-blooded animals including humans. Its prevalence rates usually vary in different regions of the planet. Methods In this study, an analysis of the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among Brazilian students was proposed by means of IgG specific antibodies detection. The presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondiiantibodies by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was also evaluated in order to compare it with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and to assess the use of 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride chromogens. Results The IFAT method showed a seroprevalence of 22.3%. These results were similar to those obtained by ELISA (24.1%). The seroprevalence was directly estimated from the IgG avidity, which showed that in a sample of 112 students, three of them had acute infection, an incidence of 1.6% in the studied population. Conclusion In this study, the use of different chromogenic substrates in immunoenzymatic ELISA assays did not display different sensitivity in the detection of T. gondii-reagent serum. The extrapolation of results to this population must be carefully considered, since the investigation was conducted on a reduced sample. However, it allows us to emphasize the importance of careful and well prepared studies to identify risk factors for toxoplasmosis, to adopt preventive measures and to offer guidance to at-risk populations about the disease.

Antibodies to Neospora caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Neosporosis is an emergent disease responsible for considerable economic impact due to reproductive losses. Its zoonotic potential remains unknown. This study involved a survey of antibodies to Neospora caninum in slaughtered sheep and their association with epidemiological variables. Serum samples from 596 sheep from the states of Sao Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were collected in two slaughterhouses located in Sao Paulo and evaluated by indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), using cut-off titers of 25. Among these samples, 353/596 (59.23%; 95%CI 55.23-63.10) were positive and 263/353 (74.50%; 95%CI 69.71-78.77%) were from Rio Grande do Sul. Statistical associations were determined in the univariate analysis between the serological results and sex, breed and municipality of origin. Sheep that came from extensive breeding system showed higher chance (OR=2.09) of presenting antibodies to N. caninum in relation to those from semi-intensive system. Higher chance was also observed for the different studied breeds, except Bergamacia, in relation to Hampshire Down. The results revealed the presence of infection by N. caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses.

Occurrences of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep from four districts of Tocantins state, Brazilian Legal Amazon Region

Toxoplasmosis and neosporosis have been recognized as economically important diseases with considerable impact on the livestock industry. Little is known concerning the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in sheep from Tocantins state, Brazil. Here, we investigated antibodies against these parasites and associated factors in 182 sheep from Araguaina, Santa Terezinha do Tocantins, Arguianopolis and Palmeiras do Tocantins districts, Tocantins. Sheep sera were assayed for T. gondii and N. caninum IgG antibodies by indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), using cut-off point at a dilution of 1: 40 and 1: 25 respectively. The prevalence of seropositive animal for T. gondii was 13.74% and 13.74% for N. caninum. None of the characteristics studied including reproductive problems, presence of cats, presence of dogs and veterinary care (p>0.05) was associated with occurrence of T. gondii or N. caninum infection. Only breed was identified as associated factor for the occurrence of toxoplasmosis in sheep (p<0.05). The present study is the first report on serum occurrence of T. gondii and N. caninum in sheep from the state of Tocantins, Brazil.