La propriété des créances : approche comparative

"Thèse présentée à la Faculté des études supérieures de l'Université de Montréal en vue de l'obtention du grade de Docteur en Droit (L.L.D.) et à l'Université Jean Moulin Lyon 3"

Le mouvement pour les droits civiques afro-américains au cours de la seconde guerre mondiale : stratégies électorales, politiques et économiques

La Seconde Guerre mondiale était riche en possibilités d’avancement pour la population noire. Les leaders afro-américains, conscients du caractère favorable du contexte, mirent sur pied de nouvelles stratégies afin d’optimiser les gains afro-américains. L’économie de guerre favorisa les migrations internes vers les centres industriels du Nord et de l’Ouest. Les migrants noirs s’extirpaient donc du carcan contraignant du Sud où ils étaient régulièrement privés de leur droit de vote. Les leaders noirs brandirent alors un nouvel outil pour faire pression sur les deux principaux partis politiques fédéraux : le nouveau poids électoral afro-américain. La période fut aussi marquée par une hausse de l’activisme noir. Celui-ci se voyait légitimé par les idéaux de liberté et de démocratie prétendument défendus par les États-Unis. Finalement, le plein-emploi permit l’essor du statut économique noir et les leaders afro-américains tentèrent d’exploiter cette conjoncture particulière afin d’en faire bénéficier leur communauté à long terme.

Cyberjustice in Brazil : the use of technology to enhance access to justice and procedural celerity

Dans une société mondialisée, où les relations sont intégrées à une vitesse différente avec l'utilisation des technologies de l'information et des communications, l'accès à la justice gagne de nouveaux concepts, mais elle est encore confrontée à de vieux obstacles. La crise mondiale de l'accès à la justice dans le système judiciaire provoque des débats concernant l'égalité en vertu de la loi, la capacité des individus, la connaissance des droits, l'aide juridique, les coûts et les délais. Les deux derniers ont été les facteurs les plus importants du mécontentement des individus avec le système judiciaire. La présente étude a pour objet d'analyser l'incidence de l'utilisation de la technologie dans l’appareil judiciaire, avec l'accent sur la réalité brésilienne, la voie législative et des expériences antérieures dans le développement de logiciels de cyberjustice. La mise en œuvre de ces instruments innovants exige des investissements et de la planification, avec une attention particulière sur l'incidence qu'ils peuvent avoir sur les routines traditionnelles des tribunaux. De nouveaux défis sont sur la voie de ce processus de transformation et doivent être traités avec professionnalisme afin d'éviter l'échec de projets de qualité. En outre, si la technologie peut faire partie des différents aspects de notre quotidien et l'utilisation de modes alternatifs de résolution des conflits en ligne sont considérés comme un succès, pourquoi serait-il difficile de faire ce changement dans la prestation de la justice par le système judiciaire? Des solutions technologiques adoptées dans d'autres pays ne sont pas facilement transférables à un environnement culturel différent, mais il y a toujours la possibilité d'apprendre des expériences des autres et d’éviter de mauvaises voies qui pourraient compromettre la définition globale de l'accès à la justice.

Habeas Corpus Reform in El Salvador

In this paper I compare the habeas corpus systems of El Salvador, the United States and Argentina. My purpose is to develop a general understanding of the procedure for bringing the writ in each country and analyze the substantive law governing the rights of habeas corpus petitioners in each country. I evaluate the systems against the backdrop of each country’s political and legal history with respect to the writ of habeas corpus. The ultimate aim of this paper is to reform the habeas corpus law of El Salvador by analyzing the Salvadoran system as compared to the Argentine and U.S. systems. I conclude that the Argentine habeas corpus system provides a better model for the Salvadoran system than does the U.S. system. I draw this conclusion because the two countries share common foundations for their legal systems, in addition to common histories of civil war, during which there were numerous disappearances and denial of habeas corpus rights. Moreover, Argentina’s habeas corpus law protects the liberty interest of the detained individual more so than U.S. habeas corpus law. This heightened protection of the right to liberty largely results from the country’s past history of forced disappearances and incommunicado detention. Because El Salvador witnessed similar problems in its past, the Argentine model provides a good model for Salvadoran reform.

Modern Judicial Reform in El Salvador and Brazil

A comparative assessment of the successes and failures of the judicial reform efforts of El Salvador and Brazil in the 1980’s produces striking results. The reforms varied greatly in scope and were conducted in very different socio-political and economic backgrounds. While El Salvador’s reforms seemed narrow and ill-planned, on paper it appeared that Brazil’s broad reforms would be a successful model for any country with a fledgling democracy. Brazil’s reforms were an exercise in constitutionalism, implementing genuine separation of powers and receiving legislative and executive support. I was very surprised that these different approaches produced strikingly similar negative effects on the people’s assessment of the judiciary. From this outcome I concluded that while judicial reform of a corrupt or inefficient judiciary is an important step in ensuring the rule of law in society, it can not be the vehicle through which democratic reform is implemented. Quite to the contrary, for successful judicial reform to take place there must be considerable penetration of the law in society through enforcement of unbiased legislation, consistency in the laws and their enforcement, and sufficient time for the reform to have an effect on society.

COMP1205 Student Presentations Q-T

Monday 12th May Building 34 Room 3001, 10.00-12.45 Su & Rikki Presenting: Groups: Q, R, S, T Marking Groups: U, V, W, X Schedule and Topics 10.00-10.05: Introduction and protocol for the session 10.05-10.25 Group Q: Disablitites and rights – legal responsibilities 10.25-10.45 Group R: Computer Ethics, Professional bodies and accreditation 10.45-11.05 Group S: Digital divide 11.05-11.25 Group T: How the web is chaning the world: co-operation, co-creation, crowd funding and crowd sourcing 11.25-11.45: Wash-up: feedback session for presentation groups

Bibliometric forms of the international investigation in the urban history. (1973 - 2010)

The objective of this document is to identify the behavior of the academic international production in urban history, from the bibliographical records index-linked in Scopus between 1973 and 2010. We use bibliometric indicators from SCImago Group, applying them to the production in the field of arts and humanities. Afterward, we corroborate the results obtained with the indicators calculated exclusively for 1.098 records of urban history. A geographical concentration is observed in the mechanisms of diffusion, authors and institutional affiliation. Likewise, we identify that over 50% of the works published between 1973 and 2010 have not been used by other authors to create new knowledge.

La fuerza normativa de la Constitución ecuatoriana actual (Artículos Varios)

Este trabajo está encaminado a analizar concisamente las condiciones de exigibilidad y aplicabilidad de las normas constitucionales vigentes en el Ecuador, a la luz de varias concepciones teóricas y doctrinarias actuales que analizan su función normativa. la Constitución es estudiada como norma jurídica y no como simple enunciado de buenos deseos o programa político, así, el autor aborda las consecuencias de la aplicación directa e inmediata de sus preceptos, indaga los valores, principios e instituciones que positiviza y su estimación como fuente de derecho, trata de la interpretación de conformidad con la Constitución y sus funciones: la legitimación y la limitación del poder, la defensa de la libertad, etc. Refiere además las relaciones entre Constitución, derecho internacional e instrumentos de integración. Para lograr estos objetivos acude a jurisprudencia ecuatoriana relacionada.

A luta por direitos étnicos e coletivos frete à expansão do agronegócio: a experiência das comunidades tradicionais faxinalenses

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

South Carolina Federal Feminist Credit Union Records - Accession 106 - M45 (60)

The South Carolina Federal Feminist Credit Union Records consists of a charter, newspaper clippings, photographs, statements, minutes, correspondence, memoranda and brochures relating to the creation and early history of the Credit Union, the first of its kind in the Southeast and the tenth one established in the nation. The Credit Union dissolved on September 1, 1977.

Interview W.T. "Dub" Massey

In his April 27th, 1981 interview with Phil O’Quinn, W.T. Massey recollects his involvement in the Civil Rights Movement as one of the Friendship 9 protestors and non-violent activists. Massey retells the preparation and events leading up to the sit-in at McCrory’s lunch counter. Massey also shares the negative effects he experienced with his involvement as an activist and leader in the Civil Rights Movement, in particular, his arrest from the McCrory’s sit-in. Massey concludes his interview with advice and hope for the black community. This interview was conducted for inclusion into the Louise Pettus Archives and Special Collections Oral History Program.

Gay Parenthood and the Revolution of the Modern Family: An Examination of the Unique Barriers Confronting Gay Adoptive Parents

Abstract: In recent decades, the structure of the American family has been revolutionized to incorporate families of diverse and unconventional compositions. Gay and lesbian couples have undoubtedly played a crucial role in this revolution by establishing families through the tool of adoption. Eleven adoptive parents from the state of Connecticut were interviewed to better conceptualize the unique barriers gay couples encounter in the process adoption. Both the scholarly research and the interview data illustrate that although gay couples face enormous legal barriers, the majority of their hardship comes through social interactions. As a result, the cultural myths and legal restrictions that create social hardships for gay adoptive parents forge a vicious and discriminatory cycle of marginalization that American legal history illustrates is best remedied through judicial intervention at the Supreme Court level. While judicial intervention, alone, cannot change the reality of gay parenthood, I argue that past judicial precedent illustrates that such change can serve as a tool of individual, political, and legal validation for the gay community for obtaining equal rights.