930 resultados para four-point probe method


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The professional profile of public administrators in Brazil is changing very rapidly in recent years, seeking to meet the principle of efficiency by public agencies at all levels. The admission of the permanent government employee under the Public Administration is by competition, however, commissioned positions are free appointment of managers, which allows effective participation of external experts according to their respective standards and norms. In this context, this dissertation seeks to understand the main characteristics of the profile of the occupants of commissioned positions in Direct Public Administration of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, noting the differences between those with functional link with the have nots. For this study, by data collection and content analysis, a mapping of the administrative structure of the Government of the State of Rio Grande do Norte was done, i.e., the organization of the Executive Branch, which is regulated by the Complementary Law no. 163/1999 and its amendments, which consists of 53 (fifty three) entities, these 29 (twenty nine) are agencies of the direct administration and the remaining 24 (twenty four) comprises the indirect administration. With the collected data, analysis on the number of commissioned positions of each organ of the State of Rio Grande do Norte and information on education, age, length of service, gender and functional link with the direct administration was carried out. Data were available from SEARH in June/2013, when they totaled 58,733 (fifty-eight thousand seven hundred thirty-three) servers, these 2.15% (two point fifteen percent) occupy commissioned positions, corresponding to 1,262 commissioned positions under the Direct Administration, below the national average of 4% (four percent). Of total commissioned positions 64.7% (sixty-four point seven percent) have no functional link with the direct administration, while only 35.3% (thirty -five point three percent) have functional link. It was noticed that there are no clear and specific criteria for the appointments of commissioned positions in the State. They occur freely, as provided in the State Constitution. Another conclusion is the importance of Public Administration define and improve their capacity, competence and efficiency in the delivery of public services. For that it is necessary to invest in their workforce composed of permanent employees and commissioned positions to define the appropriate professional profile

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Polymer films, deposited from acetylene and argon plasma mixtures, were bombarded with 150 keV He+ ions, varying the fluence, Phi, from 10(18) to 10(21) ions/m(2). Molecular structure and optical gap of the samples were investigated by infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopies, respectively. Two-point probe was employed to determine the electrical resistivity while hardness was measured by nanoindentation technique. It was verified modification of the molecular structure and composition of the films. There was loss of H and increment in the concentration of unsaturated carbon bonds with Phi. Optical gap and electrical resistivity decreased while hardness increased with Phi. Interpretation of these results is proposed in terms of chain crosslinking and unsaturation. (C) 2002 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

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In this paper an efficient algorithm for probabilistic analysis of unbalanced three-phase weakly-meshed distribution systems is presented. This algorithm uses the technique of Two-Point Estimate Method for calculating the probabilistic behavior of the system random variables. Additionally, the deterministic analysis of the state variables is performed by means of a Compensation-Based Radial Load Flow (CBRLF). Such load flow efficiently exploits the topological characteristics of the network. To deal with distributed generation, a strategy to incorporate a simplified model of a generator in the CBRLF is proposed. Thus, depending on the type of control and generator operation conditions, the node with distributed generation can be modeled either as a PV or PQ node. To validate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, the IEEE 37 bus test system is used. The probabilistic results are compared with those obtained using the Monte Carlo method.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate histomorphometrically the effect of alveolex (Propolis 10%) on the repair of bone cavities in the calvaria of rats. MATERIALS and METHODS: A 5 mm diameter bone defect was made in the calvaria of male Wistar rats using the drill-type trephine. The defects were filled with rhBMP-21Alveolex, rhBMP-2, Alveolex, or coagulum. Twenty-eight animals with seven subjects on each were sacrificed 30 days after surgery and samples were fixed and embedded in paraffin. Histological sections stained by HE (hematoxylin and eosin) were obtained from the calvaria bone defect and analyzed by a differential point-counting method. RESULTS: Group I and II, rhBMP-21Alveolex and rhBMP-2, respectively, presented higher levels of newly formed bone than other groups (P < 0.001). There were not significant differences between groups I and II (P > 0.05). In addition, there was not significant difference between groups III and IV, Control-Coagulum and Alveolex, respectively (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Alveolex has increased the bone repair in calvaria defects of rats when associated to rhBMP-2, however without significant differences for rhBMP-2 isolated group; Alveolex isolated group showed the lowest levels of newly formed bone with no significant differences to coagulum group (control). Microsc. Res. Tech. 75: 36-41, 2012. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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The J/psipi --> (D) over barD*, D (D) over bar*, (D) over bar *D* and (D) over barD cross sections as a function of roots are evaluated in a QCD sum rule calculation. We study the Borel sum rule for the four point function involving pseudoscalar and vector meson currents, up to dimension four in the operator product expansion. We find that our results are smaller than the J/psipi --> charmed mesons cross sections obtained with models based on meson exchange, but are close to those obtained with quark exchange models. (C) 2002 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

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We present a strategy for the systematization of manipulations and calculations involving divergent (or not) Feynman integrals, typical of the one-loop perturbative solutions of QFT, where the use of an explicit regularization is avoided. Two types of systematization are adopted. The divergent parts are put in terms of a small number of standard objects, and a set of structure functions for the finite parts is also defined. Some important properties of the finite structures, specially useful in the verification of relations among Green's functions, are identified. We show that, in fundamental (renormalizable) theories, all the finite parts of two-, three- and four-point functions can be written in terms of only three basic functions while the divergent parts require (only) five objects. The final results obtained within the proposed strategy can be easily converted into those corresponding to any specific regularization technique providing an unified point of view for the treatment of divergent Feynman integrals. Examples of physical amplitudes evaluation and their corresponding symmetry relations verification are presented as well as generalizations of our results for the treatment of Green's functions having an arbitrary number of points are considered.

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The aim of this paper is to study finite temperature effects in effective quantum electrodynamics using Weisskopf's zero-point energy method in the context of thermo, field dynamics. After a general calculation for a weak magnetic field at fixed T, the asymptotic behavior of the Euler-Kockel-Heisenberg Lagrangian density is investigated focusing on the regularization requirements in the high temperature limit. In scalar QED the same problem is also discussed.

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We study the (lambda/4!)phi(4) massless scalar field theory in a four-dimensional Euclidean space, where all but one of the coordinates are unbounded. We are considering Dirichlet boundary conditions in two hyperplanes, breaking the translation invariance of the system. We show how to implement the perturbative renormalization up to two-loop level of the theory. First, analyzing the full two and four-point functions at the one-loop level, we show that the bulk counterterms are sufficient to render the theory finite. Meanwhile, at the two-loop level, we must also introduce surface counterterms in the bare Lagrangian in order to make finite the full two and also four-point Schwinger functions. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Discute-se a importância do levantamento qualitativo e quantitativo da comunidade de aves da Fazenda Rio Claro (22°27'S, 48°51'W), Lençóis Paulista, para a avaliação de um fragmento de mata mesófila do interior de São Paulo. Tais levantamentos foram realizados entre agosto de 2001 a julho de 2002. Para o estudo quantitativo utilizou-se da metodologia de Pontos de Escuta. Foram analisados os índices de diversidade e de freqüência de ocorrência dessa comunidade, sendo as suas espécies organizadas tanto em função das categorias alimentares quanto sob o aspecto da ocupação do estrato vegetal. O levantamento qualitativo registrou 216 espécies. Já o quantitativo registrou 74 espécies em 761 contatos, com uma média de 12,7 contatos/amostra. O índice pontual de abundância (IPA) variou de 0,001 (um contato) a 0,07 (53 contatos); aquele da diversidade foi de H' = 3,10, mostrando um aumento significativo entre setembro e novembro; a eqüitatividade média no período foi de E = 0,95. Os insetívoros constituem quase a metade das espécies registradas no levantamento quantitativo (44,6%), seguido por frugívoros (24,9%), onívoros (16,4%), carnívoros (8,5%), nectarívoros (4,2%) e uma pequena proporção de detritívoros (1,4%). A categoria mais abundante no sub-bosque foi a de insetívoros, enquanto que os frugívoros foram os mais abundantes no solo e na copa. A comunidade de aves no fragmento estudado mostrou o mesmo padrão encontrado em outros fragmentos de mata mesófila de mesmo tamanho relativo. Algumas espécies ameaçadas foram encontradas na área de estudo.

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A Estação Ecológica dos Caetetus possui um dos maiores remanescentes de mata estacional semidecídua ainda presentes no Estado de São Paulo. Poucos estudos foram realizados nessa localidade, extremamente importante no que diz respeito às aves da Mata Atlântica do interior do Estado. Para caracterizar a avifauna da estação com dados recentes e contribuir com novos registros, foi realizado um levantamento da avifauna utilizando-se o método de Pontos de Escuta entre outubro de 2005 e dezembro de 2006. Foram registradas 226 espécies enquanto diversos autores registraram outras 68, para um total de 293. Muitas espécies são endêmicas da Mata Atlântica ou do Cerrado e algumas são ameaçadas no Estado, justificando a existência dessa unidade de conservação e provando a necessidade de inventários em longo prazo e da preservação de fragmentos de mata estacional semidecídua nativa.