L'attitudine alla comunicazione. Uno studio nel Corso di Laurea in Infermieristica

It is believed that the way of being and the communicative-relational skills of every individual have multifactorial origins, including the quality of primary relationships with caregivers. For some time, the need for health care professionals to possess specific communicative and interpersonal skills has been highlighted. To the degree course in Nursing, like to all other degree programs related to health, access is granted to students who have large individual differences, both in terms of personality, and in terms of relational skills. Each academic year, therefore, the people responsible for the didactic organization of every course, are faced with having to prepare a training plan capable of addressing communicative-relational aspects and, at the same time, of being adequate to the real attitudes of incoming students. Thus, the need for appropriate tools for measuring the personological and vocational traits considered specific to health professions was born. This study has a twofold objective. On one hand, it aims at selecting a battery of psychological tests to detect psychological and attitudinal patterns, to facilitate the coordinators of graduate courses in their didactic organization and planning of educational training; on the other hand, it seeks to assess the correlations between communicative-relational skills (Relational-Communicative style, according to the model of patient-centered medicine-TRS) (Mucchielli’s Test of Spontaneous Attitudes – usual kind of attitude in dual relationships), personality traits (Alexithymia), styles of attachment to parental figures (PBI), and the capability of recognizing facial emotions, in a sample of students enrolled in the first year of a degree in Nursing.

La nutrizione-idratazione artificiale è terapia? All'interfaccia tra scienza, diritto e bioetica, il fine vita in Italia, secondo una prospettiva di comunicazione della scienza post-accademica e Science&Technologies Studies (STS)

The question “artificial nutrition and hydration (ANH) is therapy or not?” is one of the key point of end-of-life issues in Italy, since it was (and it is also nowadays) a strategic and crucial point of the Italian Bioethics discussion about the last phases of human life: determining if ANH is therapy implies the possibility of being included in the list of treatments that could be mentioned for refusal within the living will document. But who is entitled to decide and judge if ANH is a therapy or not? Scientists? The Legislator? Judges? Patients? This issue at first sight seems just a matter of science, but at stake there is more than a scientific definition. According to several scholars, we are in the era of post-academic Science, in which Science broaden discussion, production, negotation and decision to other social groups that are not just the scientific communities. In this process, called co-production, on one hand scientific knowledge derives from the interaction between scientists and society at large. On the other hand, science is functional to co-production of social order. The continuous negotation on which science has to be used in social decisions is just the evidence of the mirroring negotation for different way to structure and interpret society. Thus, in the interaction between Science and Law, deciding what kind of Science could be suitable for a specific kind of Law, envisages a well defined idea of society behind this choice. I have analysed both the legislative path (still in progress) in the living will act production in Italy and Eluana Englaro’s judicial case (that somehow collapsed in the living will act negotiation), using official documents (hearings, texts of the official conference, committees comments and ruling texts) and interviewing key actors in the two processes from the science communication point of view (who talks in the name of science? Who defines what is a therapy? And how do they do?), finding support on the theoretical framework of the Science&Technologies Studies (S&TS).

Antropologia ed organizzazione delle imprese creative dell'ICT - Analisi della nascita, ascesa e suicidio organizzativo di un micro-distretto di aziende di comunicazione multimediale

Analisi "dall'interno" del settore della comunicazione multimediale, attraverso l'analisi di un caso aziendale complesso vissuto in prima persona dall'autrice. Il caso tratta di un micro-distretto di aziende della Grafica, del Web e del Multimedia nel suo ciclo di vita dal 1998 al 2003, analizzando le mutazioni del comportamento organizzativo nelle sue differenti fasi di nascita, ascesa e declino. L'obiettivo è quello di identificare i comportamenti organizzativi favorevoli e contrari alla sopravvivenza nel settore, fornendo indicazioni per un corretto comportamento manageriale in un ambito creativo relativo ad una rete di imprese co-specializzate.

Strategie manutentive e gestione del magazzino, un'applicazione aeronautica

Il presente documento intende illustrare l’applicazione delle moderne teorie dell’affidabilità, delle politiche manutentive e della gestione dei ricambi in ambito aeronautico. Partendo dall’utilizzo di dati forniti da un’azienda operante nel settore è stato elaborato uno studio sperimentale con lo scopo di ricercare la miglior politica manutentiva, con l'obiettivo di minimizzare i costi di manutenzione e di gestione delle scorte a magazzino. La ricerca dell’ottimizzazione dei costi di gestione, senza penalizzare qualità ed efficienza, rappresenta infatti sempre di più un fattore competitivo per le aziende. Lo sviluppo sperimentale si è svolto tramite software specialistici utilizzati nel campo dello studio dell’affidabilità: tramite Weibull++® si sono valutati i parametri delle distribuzioni che descrivono la probabilità di guasto dei singoli componenti e, a partire da questi dati, sono state studiate le possibili politiche manutentive per ciascun componente ed i costi relativi in BlockSim®. Dapprima sono state confrontate diverse strategie manutentive: correttiva pura e preventiva. Alla scelta della miglior politica manutentiva è stata affiancato lo studio delle strategie di gestione del magazzino, al fine di individuare la più efficace. Sia lo studio della manutenzione che quello della gestione del magazzino sono stati affiancati dalla valutazione di impatto economico.

Aspetti diagnostici, strategie terapeutiche ed esito clinico dei tumori primitivi colangiocellulari insorti su cirrosi

Background: The recent increasing incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC) in cirrhosis increased the problem of noninvasive differential diagnosis between ICC and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhosis. In literature there isn’t data about treatment and prognosis of ICC in cirrhosis. Aim: To investigate the role of the different imaging techniques in the diagnosis of ICC in cirrhosis; to analyze treatments and prognosis with particular attention to factors associated with survival. Methods: The data of 30 cirrhotic patients with ICC were retrospectively collected; patients were referred to Liver Units (S.Orsola-Malpighi and S.Matteo Hospitals) between 2005 and 2011. The results of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) were evaluated; the enhancement pattern at different imaging techniques were analysed, with particular attention to misdiagnosis of HCC. We evaluated the different treatments and survival of the study group and then we performed the survival analysis of different clinico-pathologic factors. Results: Twenty-five patients underwent CEUS, 27 CT and 10 MR. In 3 cases (12%) CEUS misdiagnosed ICC for HCC, in 7 cases (26%) CT misdiagnosed ICC and in 1 case (10%) MR misdiagnosed ICC. Patient were followed for a mean of 30 months (range:4-86), with a mean survival of 30 months. Twenty-four out of 30 patients were treated with curative approach, while the other 6 underwent TACE (n=4), radioembolization (n=1) or systemic treatment with Gemcitabine (n=1). The univariate analysis revealed that CA19-9 levels, surveillance program and nodule size were significantly related with survival. By multivariate analysis only nodule size £ 40mm was significant (p=0,004). Conclusion: Diagnosis of ICC in cirrhosis remains difficult because there isn’t a typical enhancement pattern and in some cases it cannot be distinguished from HCC by the different imaging techniques. The study of survival related factors shows that nodule size ≤ 40mm is correlated with improved survival.