IX International conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual instrumentation REV 2012

THE ninth edition of the International Conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation (REV) [1] was held at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Deusto, Bilbao (Spain), from the 4th to the 6th of July, 2012. A world-class research community in the subject of remote and virtual laboratories joined the event.

Harriman Alaska series. vol. I-V, VIII-XIV.

IX

Clinical evaluation of a method for detecting superficial surgical transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder by light-induced fluorescence of protoporphyrin IX following the topical application of 5-aminolevulinic acid: preliminary results.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In bladder cancer, conventional white light endoscopic examination of the bladder does not provide adequate information about the presence of "flat" urothelial lesions such as carcinoma in situ. In the present investigation, we examine a new technique for the photodetection of such lesions by the imaging of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence following topical application of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Several hours after bladder instillation of an aqueous solution of ALA in 34 patients, a Krypton ion laser or a filtered Xenon arc-lamp was used to excite PpIX fluorescence. Tissue samples for histological analysis were taken while observing the bladder wall either by means of a video camera, or by direct endoscopic observation. RESULTS: A good correlation was found between the PpIX fluorescence and the histopathological diagnosis. On a total of 215 biopsies, 143 in fluorescent and 72 in nonfluorescent areas, all visible tumors on white light cytoscopy appeared in a bright red fluorescence with the photodetection technique. In addition, this method permitted to discover 47 unsuspected carcinomatous lesions on white light observation, among which 40% were carcinoma in situ. CONCLUSION: PpIX fluorescence induced by instillation into the bladder of 5-ALA is an efficient method of mapping the mucosa in bladder carcinoma.

Optimisation of the formation and distribution of protoporphyrin IX in the urothelium: an in vitro approach.

PURPOSE: To optimize conditions for photodynamic detection (PDD) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of bladder carcinoma, urothelial accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and conditions leading to cell photodestruction were studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Porcine and human bladder mucosae were superfused with derivatives of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). PpIX accumulation and distribution across the mucosa was studied by microspectrofluorometry. Cell viability and structural integrity were assessed by using vital dyes and microscopy. RESULTS: ALA esters, especially hexyl-ALA, accelerated and regularized urothelial PpIX accumulation and allowed for necrosis upon illumination. CONCLUSIONS: hexyl-ALA used at micromolar concentrations is the most efficient PpIX precursor for PDD and PDT.

Lettres du cardinal Mazarin pendant son ministère. Tome 4 / recueillies et publ. par M. A. Chéruel [puis, pour le t. IX] par M. le Vte G. d'Avenel

Collection : Collection de documents inédits sur l'histoire de France

Lettres du cardinal Mazarin pendant son ministère. Tome 1 / recueillies et publ. par M. A. Chéruel [puis, pour le t. IX] par M. le Vte G. d'Avenel

Collection : Collection de documents inédits sur l'histoire de France

Lettres du cardinal Mazarin pendant son ministère. Tome 3 / recueillies et publ. par M. A. Chéruel [puis, pour le t. IX] par M. le Vte G. d'Avenel

Collection : Collection de documents inédits sur l'histoire de France

Lettres du cardinal Mazarin pendant son ministère. Tome 6 / recueillies et publ. par M. A. Chéruel [puis, pour le t. IX] par M. le Vte G. d'Avenel

Collection : Collection de documents inédits sur l'histoire de France

Lettres du cardinal Mazarin pendant son ministère. Tome 9 / recueillies et publ. par M. A. Chéruel [puis, pour le t. IX] par M. le Vte G. d'Avenel

Collection : Collection de documents inédits sur l'histoire de France

Lettres du cardinal Mazarin pendant son ministère. Tome 5 / recueillies et publ. par M. A. Chéruel [puis, pour le t. IX] par M. le Vte G. d'Avenel

Collection : Collection de documents inédits sur l'histoire de France

Lettres du cardinal Mazarin pendant son ministère. Tome 7 / recueillies et publ. par M. A. Chéruel [puis, pour le t. IX] par M. le Vte G. d'Avenel

Collection : Collection de documents inédits sur l'histoire de France