Inversione della trasformata di Laplace mediante regolarizzazione con norma L1

I dati derivanti da spettroscopia NMR sono l'effetto di fenomeni descritti attraverso la trasformata di Laplace della sorgente che li ha prodotti. Ci si riferisce a un problema inverso con dati discreti ed in relazione ad essi nasce l'esigenza di realizzare metodi numerici per l'inversione della trasformata di Laplace con dati discreti che è notoriamente un problema mal posto e pertanto occorre ricorrere a metodi di regolarizzazione. In questo contesto si propone una variante ai modelli presenti il letteratura che fanno utilizzo della norma L2, introducendo la norma L1.

Laplace operator on finite graphs and a network diffusion model for the progression of the Alzheimer disease

Nella tesi viene descritto il Network Diffusion Model, ovvero il modello di A. Ray, A. Kuceyeski, M. Weiner inerente i meccanismi di progressione della demenza senile. In tale modello si approssima l'encefalo sano con una rete cerebrale (ovvero un grafo pesato), si identifica un generale fattore di malattia e se ne analizza la propagazione che avviene secondo meccanismi analoghi a quelli di un'infezione da prioni. La progressione del fattore di malattia e le conseguenze macroscopiche di tale processo(tra cui principalmente l'atrofia corticale) vengono, poi, descritte mediante approccio matematico. I risultati teoretici vengono confrontati con quanto osservato sperimentalmente in pazienti affetti da demenza senile. Nella tesi, inoltre, si fornisce una panoramica sui recenti studi inerenti i processi neurodegenerativi e si costruisce il contesto matematico di riferimento del modello preso in esame. Si presenta una panoramica sui grafi finiti, si introduce l'operatore di Laplace sui grafi e si forniscono stime dall'alto e dal basso per gli autovalori. Al fine di costruire una cornice matematica completa si analizza la relazione tra caso discreto e continuo: viene descritto l'operatore di Laplace-Beltrami sulle varietà riemanniane compatte e vengono fornite stime dall'alto per gli autovalori dell'operatore di Laplace-Beltrami associato a tali varietà a partire dalle stime dall'alto per gli autovalori del laplaciano sui grafi finiti.

A LAPLACE TRANSFORM PAIR MODEL TO DETERMINE BREMSSTRAHLUNG SPECTRA FROM ATTENUATION DATA (RADIATION, X-RAY, SPECTRAL MODELING)

Every x-ray attenuation curve inherently contains all the information necessary to extract the complete energy spectrum of a beam. To date, attempts to obtain accurate spectral information from attenuation data have been inadequate.^ This investigation presents a mathematical pair model, grounded in physical reality by the Laplace Transformation, to describe the attenuation of a photon beam and the corresponding bremsstrahlung spectral distribution. In addition the Laplace model has been mathematically extended to include characteristic radiation in a physically meaningful way. A method to determine the fraction of characteristic radiation in any diagnostic x-ray beam was introduced for use with the extended model.^ This work has examined the reconstructive capability of the Laplace pair model for a photon beam range of from 50 kVp to 25 MV, using both theoretical and experimental methods.^ In the diagnostic region, excellent agreement between a wide variety of experimental spectra and those reconstructed with the Laplace model was obtained when the atomic composition of the attenuators was accurately known. The model successfully reproduced a 2 MV spectrum but demonstrated difficulty in accurately reconstructing orthovoltage and 6 MV spectra. The 25 MV spectrum was successfully reconstructed although poor agreement with the spectrum obtained by Levy was found.^ The analysis of errors, performed with diagnostic energy data, demonstrated the relative insensitivity of the model to typical experimental errors and confirmed that the model can be successfully used to theoretically derive accurate spectral information from experimental attenuation data. ^

Fluorescence tomographic imaging in turbid media using early-arriving photons and Laplace transforms

We present a multichannel tomographic technique to detect fluorescent objects embedded in thick (6.4 cm) tissue-like turbid media using early-arriving photons. The experiments use picosecond laser pulses and a streak camera with single photon counting capability to provide short time resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio. The tomographic algorithm is based on the Laplace transform of an analytical diffusion approximation of the photon migration process and provides excellent agreement between the actual positions of the fluorescent objects and the experimental estimates. Submillimeter localization accuracy and 4- to 5-mm resolution are demonstrated. Moreover, objects can be accurately localized when fluorescence background is present. The results show the feasibility of using early-arriving photons to image fluorescent objects embedded in a turbid medium and its potential in clinical applications such as breast tumor detection.

Tables écliptiques des satellites de Jupiter : d'apres la théorie de M. le Marquis de Laplace, et la totalité des observations faites depuis 1662 jusqu'à l'an 1802 /

Mode of access: Internet.

Traité de mécanique céleste /par P.S. Laplace ... ; tome premier [-quatrieme]

Mode of access: Internet.

Astronomie et météorologie à l'usage des jeunes personnes : d'après Arago, Laplace et W. Herschell /

Mode of access: Internet.

Oeuvres complètes de Laplace,

"Cette nouvelle édition des Oeuvres de Laplace ... réunit, pour la première fois, aux divers ouvrages compris dans les éditions précédentes, la collection des Mémoires de l'illustre astronome, rangée par ordre chronologique."--Advertissement.

A history of the mathematical theory of probability from the time of Pascal to that of Laplace.

Mode of access: Internet.

A history of the mathematical theories of attraction and the figure of the earth from the time of Newton to that of Laplace.

Available on demand as hard copy or computer file from Cornell University Library.

A history of the mathematical theory of probability from the time of Pascal to that of Laplace.

Mode of access: Internet.

Die sogenannte Kant-Laplace'sche weltentstehungs-theorie und die schöpfungsgeschichte der Bibel ...

Mode of access: Internet.

Oeuvres de Laplace.

t.1-5. Traité de mécanique céleste.--t.6. Exposition du système du monde.--t.7. Théorie analytique des probabilités.

Oeuvres complètes de Laplace, publiées sous les auspices de l'Académie des sciences,

"Cette nouvelle édition des Oeuvres de Laplace ... réunit, pour la première fois, aux divers ouvrages compris dans les éditions précédentes, la collection des Mémoires de l'illustre astronome, rangée par ordre chronologique."--Advertissement.