Seniors in shopping centres

Many studies have examined issues of youth and public spaces; however, less attention has been devoted to seniors and their navigation and experience of community spaces, particularly in relation to their sense of inclusion in, or exclusion from, consumptive spaces. This paper explores the everyday experiences of seniors in four Australian shopping centres, two in Melbourne and two in Hobart. Based on a survey of 260 seniors (the majority aged 75 years or more), respondents’ perceptions of this environment are considered, including the reasons for visiting the shopping centre, and the challenges of accessing and negotiating the shopping centre ‘terrain’.
The research findings indicate that how seniors engage with and navigate the shopping centre is influenced not only by the nature of the space itself, but also by their personal historical and cultural experiences. Where and why seniors choose to ‘hang out’ in shopping centres has implications for research into the social landscapes of ageing, along with public policy and shopping centre procedures. There is a need to consider both the social and physical well-being of older people in the shopping centre locus, and to take positive steps towards improving and enhancing their experience in an environment that is often used to provide a range of experiences that go beyond mere ‘retail therapy’.

Unlawful acts, unkind architecture and unhelpful perceptions: a case study of Market Square Mall, Geelong

On a quiet Sunday afternoon in January 2015, a 12 year old girl was assaulted in Geelong’s Market Square mall. The attack sparked a media furore over what should be done to address the ongoing safety and amenity issues of this intractable public space. The city’s mayor, Cr Darryn Lyons, responded to the situation by declaring the mall a ‘haunt for bogans and scumbags’ and renewed calls for its demolition. Such rhetoric highlights the exclusionary mindset that casts certain types of people as undesirable inhabitants of public spaces. It also bolsters negative public perceptions of the mall. Once formed, such attitudes are difficult to shift, despite an overall improvement in the area’s crime rates over recent years. Poor perceptions are further reinforced by the soulless nature of the mall’s built fabric and weak urban interfaces. Its formal language is one of hostility, not only towards would-be delinquents, but to all people. The space is furnished with cold stainless steel seats, CCTV cameras and limp, pavement water spouts, while its inactive edges consist of loading bays, security grilles and neglected facades. This paper considers how a more inclusive architecture might be utilised to create a kinder, more generous physical environment that reflects the public nature of the space. While not a quick fix, fostering an architecture that encourages a more equitable use of the mall may diminish the sense of fear, anxiety and suspicion that the space currently elicits, tackling the problem at both a structural and social level.

The misanthropes, larrikins and mallrats of market square: an enduring public space dilemma in central Geelong

Market Square was a public reserve located in the centre of the Victorian regional city of Geelong. It was established by Governor Sir George Gipps during the initial surveying of the area in 1838. The square later became a produce market, before being progressively built upon for public and commercial purposes. Today, the modern Market Square Shopping Centre occupies a substantial portion of the original site. Opened in 1985 by the City of Geelong, the complex initially drew high rental incomes for the Council. However, by the early 1990s revenue began to decline after the collapse of the Pyramid Building Society and competition from the new Bay City Plaza shopping centre (now Westfield) that was built directly opposite. In 1993 the city council decided to sell the complex. Today it remains privately owned and while it adjoins the Little Malop Street Mall which was also part of the original public square, its connection with the surrounding urban environment is poor. The introverted architectural nature of Geelong’s two large retail shopping complexes has significantly altered the city’s spatial dynamic. The traditional intimate urban structure and streetscape has been fragmented. This has led to a deterioration of the city’s social cohesion, sense of place and economic prosperity. This paper chronicles the myriad errors of judgement by the institution of local government that have contributed to this situation. Heeding past mistakes, it explores ways in which the Council might work with private landowners to improve the permeability of the city’s public urban spaces and internalised retail centres for improved use, integration, functionality and resilience. Achieving a shared culture of concern for the city’s urban fabric presents some significant challenges. How might ‘big box’ shopping centres be reconsidered to make a positive contribution to the city’s urban spatial network while remaining commercially viable? The built environment has an important role to play in addressing the problem by presenting opportunities for these new urban institutions to also benefit from stronger connections between the public and private realm.

Consuming postcolonial shopping malls

Through a naturalistic inquiry, we interpret shopping malls in India as post-colonial sites in which young consumers deploy the West in an attempt to transform their Third World identities. Shopping malls in former colonies represent a post-colonial hybridity that offers consumers the illusion of being Western, modern, and developed. Moreover, consumption of post-colonial retail arenas is characterised as a masquerade through which young consumers attempt to disguise or temporarily transcend their Third World realities. This interpretation helps us to offer insights into transitioning retail servicescapes of the Third World, which in turn helps to improve extant understanding of consumer identity and global consumer culture.

Desdobramento da função qualidade em serviços : o caso do Shopping Iguatemi de Porto Alegre

O fortalecimento do setor de serviços na economia mundial tem exigido o desenvolvimento de modelos apropriados para este setor, onde as informações podem criar o suporte necessário para administradores avaliarem os resultados e a qualidade dos serviços de acordo com as demandas dos clientes. Este trabalho apresenta uma adaptação do modelo de Desdobramento da Função Qualidade (QFD). A proposta incorpora os princípios do Marketing de Relacionamento e foi desenvolvida para auxiliar no planejamento da qualidade no setor de serviços, mais especificamente no segmento de Shopping Centers. O modelo proposto foi testado em um Estudo de Caso realizado junto ao Shopping Center Iguatemi, onde foi estudada a relação entre administradores e lojistas. O objetivo do Estudo de Caso foi entender e atender às demandas dos lojistas. A abordagem proposta representa um avanço teórico importante, pois incorpora os princípios do marketing de relacionamento ao desdobramento da qualidade. O resultado é um modelo mais completo. Esse modelo conduz a um plano de ação abrangente, que permite ao mesmo tempo atender às demandas dos lojistas e reforçar a relação gerência – lojistas.

Lugares de criança : shopping centers e o disciplinamento dos corpos infantis

A partir da perspectiva pós-estruturalista e de uma aproximação entre dois referenciais – o campo dos Estudos Culturais e a abordagem foucaultiana – este estudo traz como principal cenário a instituição shopping center. De forma geral, discuto, nessa Dissertação, os lugares que estão sendo destinados às crianças em shopping centers, especialmente nos empreendimentos denominados Iguatemi e Praia de Belas, ambos situados na cidade de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. O foco mais específico deste estudo está nos espaços infantis que são estrategicamente montados, dentro de shopping centers, para “abrigar” crianças de dois a dez anos enquanto suas famílias envolvem-se em outras atividades. Interessou-me ver, em especial, como tais espaços infantis são organizados, como são codificados e de que forma a organização e a codificação desses espaços acabam por distribuir os vários elementos constituintes desses (e constituídos nesses) mesmos espaços. Em suma, interessou-me ver, nessa Dissertação, que práticas disciplinares são colocadas em funcionamento nos e pelos lugares de criança dos shopping centers.

Shopping centers de Porto Alegre : um estudo de serviço ao cliente final

O presente estudo tem como foco a indústria de shopping centers de Porto Alegre, sua oferta de serviços ao cliente final, de forma efetiva e potencial, e a importância atribuída pelos freqüentadores desses estabelecimentos aos vários itens dessa oferta de serviço. Como referencial teórico que balizou o trabalho, têm-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas áreas de varejo, serviço ao cliente, histórico e situação atual da indústria de shopping centers na capital gaúcha, no Brasil e nos EUA, bem como pesquisas anteriormente realizadas de fatores de atratividade de clientes de shopping centers. Foram entrevistados 803 clientes de estabelecimentos da Capital, divididos entre shopping center regional e shopping de descontos, com controle de sexo, faixa etária e turno/dia de abordagem, por intermédio de um instrumento de coleta de dados com questões fechadas. Para o levantamento das variáveis que constaram do questionário, foi realizada antes uma necessária etapa qualitativa à base de entrevistas em profundidade com administradores dos estabelecimentos pesquisados e 15 clientes, além de teste de compreensão e ajuste do instrumento com outros 21 clientes. Sete dimensões de serviço ao cliente final foram levantadas, e verificada a importância de cada dimensão e das variáveis de serviço que as compunham, medição do nível de influência de cada dimensão e de cada serviço em relação à avaliação por parte do cliente e, finalmente, detecção de diferenças de opinião por shopping de abordagem (regional versus desconto), sexo, faixa etária e nível de escolaridade. Ao final, são apresentadas as contribuições deste estudo para o conhecimento científico e para a prática executiva do marketing em shopping centers.

O processo de decisão de compra dos consumidores em shopping centers regionais de Porto Alegre (Brasil) e Montevidéo (Uruguai) : um estudo exploratório comparativo

A presente dissertação busca estabelecer um comparativo entre aspectos do processo de decisão de compra de consumidores em shopping centers regionais de Porto Alegre (Brasil) e Montevidéu (Uruguai). De acordo com este objetivo, o estudo foi dividido em quatro partes. No segundo capítulo, referente ao marco teórico do trabalho, o autor apresenta o shopping center e suas características. No mesmo capítulo analisa-se o processo de decisão de compra e seus elementos constitutivos. O capítulo três mostra o método de pesquisa adotado. A última parte traz os resultados da pesquisa realizada entre os consumidores brasileiros e uruguaios.

Inflation and income inequality: a shopping-time aproach: (Forthcoming, Journal of Development Economics)

Our work is based on a simpliÖed heterogenous-agent shoppingtime economy in which economic agents present distinct productivities in the production of the consumption good, and di§erentiated access to transacting assets. The purpose of the model is to investigate whether, by focusing the analysis solely on endogenously determined shopping times, one can generate a positive correlation between ináation and income inequality. Our main result is to show that, provided the productivity of the interest-bearing asset in the transacting technology is high enough, it is true true that a positive link between ináation and income inequality is generated. Our next step is to show, through analysis of the steady-state equations, that our approach can be interpreted as a mirror image of the usual ináation-tax argument for income concentration. An example is o§ered to illustrate the mechanism.