Malária em região extra-Amazônica: situação no Estado de Santa Catarina

Este estudo objetiva conhecer o perfil epidemiológico da malária no Estado de Santa Catarina, analisando dados disponibilizados pela Fundação Nacional de Saúde, relativos ao período de 1996/2001. Das 4.707 lâminas examinadas, 5,5% evidenciaram-se positivas. As infecções por Plasmodium vivax foram 69%, por Plasmodium falciparum 25,6%, infecções mistas por ambos foram 5% e, somente 0,4% por Plasmodium malariae. Foi observado 67,4% casos importados e 32,6% casos autóctones. Nos últimos anos houve um aumento de casos importados. A maioria destes veio da região Amazônica brasileira e o restante de países africanos. Identificou-se os municípios de Joinville, Blumenau, São Francisco do Sul e Florianópolis com maior número de autoctonia no biênio 1996/97. Medidas de controle e vigilância fazem-se necessárias, no sentido de prevenir a reintrodução do plasmódio, favorecendo a autoctonia. Será útil o mapeamento das áreas de risco, já que é contínua a expectativa de sua reemergência em áreas hoje consideradas sob controle.

Autochthonous Chagas' disease in Santa Catarina State, Brazil: report of the first case of digestive tract involvement

We report the first case of digestive tract pathology (megaesophagus) determined by Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. A 63-year- old female had presumptive clinical diagnosis of Chagas' disease, which was confirmed by imaging (endoscopy and esophagogram) and immunological methods. Further molecular diagnosis was carried out with esophagus and blood samples collected during corrective surgery. Polymerase chain reaction tested positive for Trypanosoma cruzi in both esophagus and buffy coat samples.

Freqüência de Serratia sp em Infecções Urinárias de pacientes internados na Santa Casa de Misericórdia em Fortaleza

Atualmente a Serratia é considerada um importante patógeno humano, o qual tem sido encontrado como agente causal de infecções hospitalares principalmente infecções do trato urinário. Verificamos a freqüência da Serratia sp em amostras de urina, em pacientes internados. Foram estudadas 1197 amostras das quais 15 foram positivas para Serratia sp. As espécies encontradas foram: 7 Serratia liquefaciens (46,7%), 5 Serratia odorífera (33,3%) e 3 Serratia rubidaea (20%).

Programa de hepatopatias do Hospital da Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará: infra-estrutura e epidemiologia clínica em 10 anos de atendimento

O Programa de Hepatopatias do Hospital da Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará surgiu pela necessidade de prestar assistência a hepatopatas na região amazônica priorizando assistência qualificada, identificação das etiologias, seguimento clínico, e tratamento direcionado. Este trabalho visa descrever dados relativos à epidemiologia clínica, fatores etiológicos e análise histopatológica. Dos 1469 pacientes avaliados, através de exames clínicos, laboratoriais, endoscópicos e de imagem e/ou histopatológico, foram considerados hepatopatas crônicos 935 (63,6%). Nesta casuística, a média de idade foi 50 anos, 666 (71,2%) do sexo masculino e maior procedência de Belém. Os agentes etiológicos mais prevalentes foram alcoolismo (53,7%) e hepatites virais (39,1%). Biópsia hepática realizada em 403/935 (43,1%), demonstrou hepatite crônica (34%) e cirrose (34%) na maioria das amostras. Conclui-se, portanto, que a doença hepática crônica na região é mais prevalente no sexo masculino, sendo o alcoolismo a principal etiologia e mais da metade dos casos se encontravam em fase avançada no momento do diagnóstico.

Ocorrência de protozoários e helmintos em amostras de fezes de cães errantes da Cidade de Itapema, Santa Catarina

Foram estudadas amostras fecais de cães apreendidos em logradouros públicos, pela vigilância sanitária de Itapema, SC. De 158 amostras examinadas, 121 (76,6%) foram positivas, com uma prevalência maior para Ancylostoma spp (70,9%), seguida por Toxocara canis (14,5%), Trichuris vulpis (13,9%), Isospora spp. (6,3%) e Dipylidium caninum (1,9%).

Preliminary evidence of association between species of mosquitoes in Atlantic forest of Santa Catarina State, (Diptera: Culicidae)

A positive coefficient of association (affinity) between Runchomyia reversa and Anopheles cruzii and high (0.38) index were observed, probably due to the similar breeding places (bromeliads) and to landing habits. Furthermore, a high (0.92) index of association between Oc. scapularis and Wyeomyia incaudata, with low coefficient of association was observed.

À sombra dos príncipes. A heráldica dos Sousas no mosteiro de Santa Maria da Vitória da Batalha

REDOL, Pedro; GOMES, Saul António (coord.)

Mosteiro de Santa Maria da Vitória - a fundação, o programa, os arquitectos, as fontes de influência

in Varia, Revista do IHA, N.4 (2007), pp.335-353

O Retrato de D. João I no Mosteiro de Santa Maria da Vitória Um novo paradigma de representação

Revista do IHA, N.5 (2008), pp.76-95

Preliminary study into the landing behaviour on the human body of morning-biting mosquitoes in Atlantic forest in the State of Santa Catarina (Diptera: Culicidae)

Mosquitoes (22 species) (0.5%) and Runchomyia reversa (5%) biting humans in the morning in Florianópolis, State of Santa Catarina, were significantly more common below than above waist and all Wyeomyia incaudata were collected below the waist. Short trousers are not recommended, unless using repellents.

Phlebotomine sandflies in a focus of dermal leishmaniasis in the eastern region of the Brazilian State of Santa Catarina: preliminary results (Diptera: Psychodidae)

Due to the occurrence of cases of dermal leishmaniasis in the Municipality of Piçarras, in the East of the Brazilian State of Santa Catarina, collections of Phlebotomine sandflies by the use of CDC-like light traps were developed near the houses of the patients. Three species (Lutzomyia neivai, Lu. fischeri and Lu. ayrozai) were collected. Lu. neivai was predominant near the houses, and Lu. ayrozai was collected in a secondary forest in a nearby municipality (Navegantes). The novelty of this focus, the most southern one in the East of Brazil, underscores the need for more complete studies on the sandfly fauna.

Association of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with bacteria in hospitals in the State of Santa Catarina

The objective of this study was to identify ant occurrence in hospital environments in the State of Santa Catarina, along with associated bacteria. Ants were collected monthly from five inpatient clinics in two hospitals in the municipality of Chapecó, from August 2003 to June 2004. They were collected under aseptic conditions using swabs moistened with sterile distilled water and put into test tubes containing BHI for microbiological analysis. After 24 hours, cultures were made in both 5% sheep blood and MacConkey agar, which were incubated for 24 hours at 35/37°C. The Gram characterization, culture identification and biochemical characterization followed standardized rules for clinical microbiology. Seven species of ants were identified, of which the most frequent were Monomorium pharaonis (71.5%) and Solenopsis saevissima (57%), and nineteen species of bacteria was isolated from hospital "A".

Trypanocide treatment among adults with chronic Chagas disease living in Santa Fe city (Argentina), over a mean follow-up of 21 years: parasitological, serological and clinical evolution

The efficacy of treatment with nifurtimox and/or benznidazole among adults with chronic Chagas disease with no previous electrocardiographic disturbances was evaluated over a mean follow-up of 21 years, by means of conventional serology, xenodiagnosis, clinical examination, electrocardiograms and chest X-ray. One hundred and eleven patients, between 17 and 46 years old, were studied: 54 underwent treatment (nifurtimox 27, benznidazole 27) and 57 remained untreated (control group). Xenodiagnosis was performed on 65% of them: 36/38 of the treated and 9/34 of the untreated patients had previous positive xenodiagnosis. Post-treatment, 133 xenodiagnoses were performed on 41 patients, all resulting negative. In the control group, 29 xenodiagnoses were performed on 14 patients; 2 resulted positive. Sera stored during the follow-up were simultaneously analyzed through conventional serology tests (IHA; DA-2ME; IIF). The serological evolution in the treated group was: a) 37% underwent negative seroconversion (nifurtimox 11, benznidazole 9); b) 27.8% decreased titers (nifurtimox 9, benznidazole 6), 9 showed inconclusive final serology (nifurtimox 7, benznidazole 2); c) 35.2% remained positive with constant titers (nifurtimox 7; benznidazole 12). The control group conserved the initial antibody levels during the follow-up. In the clinical evolution, 2/54 (3.7%) of the treated and 9/57 (15.8%) of the untreated patients showed electrocardiographic disturbances attributable to Chagas myocardiopathy, with a statistically relevant difference (p<0.05). Treatment caused deparasitation in at least 37% of the chronically infected adults and a protective effect on their clinical evolution.

HIV genotyping among female sex workers in the State of Santa Catarina

The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency of HIV infection among female sex workers in the port area of Imbituba (State of Santa Catarina), and to identify the viral subtype and its susceptibility to antiretroviral medications. Ninety women were interviewed between December 2003 and February 2004. Six (6.7%) were HIV-positive. Genotyping for HIV, performed on four samples, detected subtype C in three of them, which is predominant in Africa and Asia, and subtype B in one of them, which is prevalent in Brazil, USA and Europe. The results suggest that the Port of Imbituba may be one of the gateways for HIV-1 subtype C to enter Brazil, and for its dissemination to the rest of the country and the Mercosul area, along the highway BR-101. This points towards the need for preventive work to reduce the introduction and dissemination of HIV subtype C in Brazil.