Anacroneuria (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from the Mantiqueira Mountains, Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Seven species of Anacroneuria Klapalek are considered; of these 4 were known, A. debilis (Pictet, 1841), A. flintorum Froehlich, 2002, A. toriba Froehlich, 2002 (the female is described herein), and A. vanini Froehlich, 2004. Three are new: A. mantiqueirae, A. simulans, and A. tabatae.

High sucrose intake in rats is associated with increased ACE2 and angiotensin-(1-7) levels in the adipose tissue

Sucrose-fed rats, a model of metabolic syndrome, are characterized by insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, and high plasma levels of triacylglycerols and angiotensin II (Ang II). However, whether tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is altered in metabolic syndrome is unclear. To study this issue, food ad libitum and water (C) or 20% sucrose solution (SC) were given to adult male Wistar rats, for 30 days. Body weight (BW), blood pressure (BP), epididymal adipose tissue (EPI) mass, rate of in vivo fatty acid (FA) synthesis in EPI, circulating glucose, insulin, leptin, angiotensins I and II, triacylglycerols, and plasma renin (PRA) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activities were evaluated. In kidneys and EPI, gene and protein expression of type 1 (AT(1)) and 2 (AT(2)) Ang II receptors, ACE, angiotensinogen (ACT) as well as protein expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) were determined. In both tissues, Ang I, Ang II and Ang-(1-7) contents were also measured by HPLC. In SC rats higher BP, EPI mass, circulating triacylglycerols, insulin, leptin, PRA and, Ang II were found. In EPI, the rate of in vivo FA synthesis was associated with increased Ang-(1-7), protein expression of AT(1) and AT(2) receptors, ACE2, ACT, and gene expression of ACT although a reduction in ACE activity and in adipose Ang I and Ang II contents was observed. In kidneys, AT(1) and AT(2), ACE and ACT gene and protein expression as well as protein expression of ACE2 were unaltered while Ang II, Ang-(1-7) and ACE activity increased. These RAS component changes seem to be tissue specific and possibly are related to enhancement of FA synthesis, EPI mass and hypertension. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Association between micronuclei frequency in pollen mother cells of Tradescantia and mortality due to cancer and cardiovascular diseases: A preliminary study in Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil

The present study was designed to explore the correlation between the frequency of micronuclei in Trad-MN, measured across 28 biomonitoring stations during the period comprised between 11 of May and 2 of October, 2006, and adjusted mortality rates due to cardiovascular, respiratory diseases and cancer in Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil, an area with different sources of air pollution. For controlling purposes, mortality rate due to gastrointestinal diseases (an event less prone to be affected by air pollution) was also considered in the analysis. Spatial distribution of micronuclei frequency was determined using average interpolation. The association between health estimators and micronuclei frequency was determined by measures of Pearson`s correlation. Higher frequencies of micronuclei were detected in areas with high traffic and close to a petrochemical pole. Significant associations were detected between micronuclei frequency and adjusted mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases (r = 0.841, p = 0.036) and cancer (r = 0.890, p = 0.018). The association between mortality due to chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases was positive but did not reach statistical significance (r = 0.640, p = 0.172), probably because of the small number of events. Gastrointestinal mortality did not exhibit significant association with micronuclei frequency. Because the small number of observations and the nature of an ecological study, the present findings must be considered with caution and considered as preliminary. Further studies, performed in different conditions of contamination and climate should be done before considering Trad-MN in the evaluation of human health risk imposed by air pollutants. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Moderating effect of ear preference on personality in the prediction of sales performance

This study examined the relationship between ear preference, personality, and performance ratings on 203 telesales staff. Social desirability scores were a significant predictor of two relatively independent sets of supervisor ratings (actual performance and developmental potential) in interaction with ear preference. It was found that the social desirability scale was a significant positive predictor for staff preferring a right ear headset, but a negative predictor for staff preferring a left ear headset. These results were interpreted in terms of different strategies used to achieve successful sales.

Appraisal ratings, halo, and selection: A study using sales staff

Supervisor ratings are useful criteria for the validation of selection instruments but maybe limited because of the presence of rating errors, such as halo. This study set out to show that supervisor ratings which are high in halo remain successful criteria in selection. Following a thorough job analysis, a customer service questionnaire was designed to assess the potential of retail sales staff on three orthogonal subscales labelled Dealing with people, Emotions and energy, and Solitary style. These subscales were uncorrelated with supervisor ratings made about 8 weeks later. However, the supervisor ratings were correlated with an overall scale derived from the three scales of the customer service questionnaire. These results support the view that supervisor ratings generally consist of global impressions and suggest that these global impressions are useful measures of overall performances. This field study confirms laboratory results that halo does not necessarily reduce rating accuracy.

An aggregate sales model for consumer durables incorporating a time-varying mean replacement age

Forecasting category or industry sales is a vital component of a company's planning and control activities. Sales for most mature durable product categories are dominated by replacement purchases. Previous sales models which explicitly incorporate a component of sales due to replacement assume there is an age distribution for replacements of existing units which remains constant over time. However, there is evidence that changes in factors such as product reliability/durability, price, repair costs, scrapping values, styling and economic conditions will result in changes in the mean replacement age of units. This paper develops a model for such time-varying replacement behaviour and empirically tests it in the Australian automotive industry. Both longitudinal census data and the empirical analysis of the replacement sales model confirm that there has been a substantial increase in the average aggregate replacement age for motor vehicles over the past 20 years. Further, much of this variation could be explained by real price increases and a linear temporal trend. Consequently, the time-varying model significantly outperformed previous models both in terms of fitting and forecasting the sales data. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

James W. Gerard: His image of imperial Germany, 1913-1918

The subject of this study was a typical, if in some respects well qualified, U.S. ambassadorial appointee for his time, the early twentieth century: an attorney, judge, and politician who served competently in his one diplomatic assignment, in Berlin, before returning to private life.—Ed.

Sazonalidade e potencial energético da biomassa residual agrícola na região dos Campos Gerais do Paraná

RESUMO Teve-se por objetivo, neste trabalho, avaliar as disponibilidades sazonal e espacial da biomassa residual da colheita das principais culturas de grãos, na região dos Campos Gerais, PR, estimar o potencial teórico de produção de energia elétrica a partir desses resíduos, bem como identificar os municípios da região com maior potencial para instalação de termelétricas movidas a biomassa. Dados de produtividade de milho, soja, trigo, cevada, aveia branca e aveia preta foram obtidos, na Secretaria de Agricultura do Paraná, para as safras 2008/2009 e 2009/2010 e, a partir do índice e do calendário de colheitas, estimou-se a produção e sazonalidade da biomassa residual das culturas analisadas. Foram coletadas amostras de biomassa destas espécies e determinou-se o poder calorífico superior (PCS) e o potencial teórico de produção de energia elétrica a partir dos resíduos quantificados. Os Campos Gerais do Paraná produziram 3.862.130 (2008/2009) e 4.107.932 Mg ha−1 (2009/2010) de biomassa residual total com o cultivo das seis culturas. A disponibilidade de biomassa concentra-se em março e abril (aproximadamente 60%), sendo inexpressiva em dezembro, janeiro e entre junho e agosto. A biomassa residual da colheita de grãos apresentou PCS comparável ao de espécies florestais e potencial total de produção de energia de 3.932 (2008/2009) e 4.185 GWh ano−1 (2009/2010). Dos municípios analisados, Tibagi e Castro são os mais promissores para a instalação de termelétricas movidas a biomassa, por apresentarem maior produção e melhor distribuição sazonal dos resíduos.

Habilidade social e a teoria dos campos

O problema da relação entre os atores e as estruturas sociais onde eles estão imersos é fundamental para a teoria sociológica. Este artigo sugere que o foco "neo-institucionalista" sobre os campos, domínios ou jogos proporciona uma visão alternativa para se pensar sobre esse problema com ênfase na construção de ordens locais. Este artigo critica o conceito de atores tanto na escolha racional quanto nas versões sociológicas dessas teorias. É desenvolvida, aqui, uma visão mais sociológica da ação, chamada de "habilidade social". A idéia de habilidade social se origina do interacionismo simbólico e é definida como a habilidade de induzir a cooperação dos outros. Essa idéia é elaborada para sugerir o quanto os atores são importantes na construção e na reprodução de ordens locais. Proponho mostrar como seus elementos já informam o trabalho existente. Ao final, demonstro como a idéia pode sensibilizar os acadêmicos para o papel dos atores no trabalho empírico.